scholarly journals Colonization by Escherichia coli strains with increased minimal inhibitory concentration for cefiderocol: when resistance anticipates drug use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Mariani ◽  
Chiara Medici ◽  
Elisabetta Ugolotti ◽  
Giuseppe Losurdo ◽  
Alessio Mesini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration

Toxicity of the First Ten MEIC Chemicals to Bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Gustaw Kerszman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mild Toxicity

The toxicity of the first ten MEIC chemicals to Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was examined. Nine of the chemicals were toxic to the bacteria, with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 10-3 to 4.4M. The sensitivities of both organisms were similar, but the effect on E. coli was often bactericidal, while it was bacteriostatic for B. subtilis. Digoxin was not detectably toxic to either bacterial species. Amitriptyline and FeSO4 were relatively less toxic to the bacteria than to human cells. For seven chemicals, a highly significant linear regression was established between log MIC in bacteria and log of blood concentration, giving lethal and moderate/mild toxicity in humans, as well as with toxicity to human lymphocytes.

Antimicrobial Activity of N,N'-bis(decylmethyl)- α,ω-alkanediamine Dioxides [1]

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Devínsky ◽  
Ivan Lacko ◽  
Ludovít Krasnec ◽  
Dušan Mlynarčík
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration

Antimicrobial activity of N,N′-bis(decylmethyl)-α,ω-alkanediamine dioxides determined on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans is presented as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The effect of the length of linking alkylene chain on this activity has been followed.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Akar Tanaman Lauh Putiah (Ficus racemosa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysenteriae Penyebab Diare

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Beladiena Citra Siregar ◽  
Welly Darwis ◽  
Mardhatillah Sariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
A Value ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Ficus Racemosa

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia dan negara berkembang. Mortalitas diare berkisar 17,5-21% dengan ekuivalent 1,5 juta orang setiap tahunnya. Escherichia coli dan Shigella Sp. merupakan patogen utama penyebab diare. Antibioik siprofloksasin yang digunakan untuk mengobati diare memiliki berbagai efek samping. Pemanfaatan tanaman obat merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Akar Lauh Putiah merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang mempunyai banyak manfaat, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Penggunaan akar pada masyarakat Desa Pasar Pino dengan cara meminum air rebusan dari akar Lauh Putiah. Kebiasaan dan pengetahuan tersebut telah secara turun-temurun, namun belum dilatarbelakangi studi ilmiah.Metode: Ekstraksi akar Lauh Putiah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dan dilarutkan dengan DMSO. Hasil ekstraksi kemudian dilakukan Uji Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Setelah dilakukan uji MIC kemudian dilakukan pengujian efektivitas. Kedua uji ini menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Parameter yang digunakan ialah besarnya zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar kertas cakram, dan kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah larutan antibiotik siprofloksasin 50 µg/ml untuk bakteri Escherichia coli dan bakteri Shigella dysenteriae.Hasil: Hasil pengujian MIC didapatkan bahwa ekstrak akar Lauh Putiah memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Esherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae. Dari analisis statistik pengujian ANOVA pengaruh ekstrak akar Lauh Putiah menghambat bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella sysentriae memiliki nilai Fhitung > Ftabel dengan nilai ? = 0,05 dan kemudian diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji Duncan dan didapatkan zona hambat yang efektif konsentrasi yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli adalah konsentrasi 60% (AE3). Pada bakteri Shigella dysentriae didapatkan konsentrasi yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella dysenteriae adalah konsentrasi 87,5% (BE4).Kesimpulan: Ekstrak Akar Tanaman Lauh Putiah (Ficus racemosa L.) memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae. Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Lauh Putiah, Ficus racemosa Linn. ABSTRACTBackground: Diarrhea is one of health problems in the world and developing countries. Diarrhea mortality range is 17.5-21% with an equivalent of 1.5 million people per year. Escherichia coli and Shigella sp. are the main pathogen bacteria that causes diarrhea. Ciprofloxacin is common antibiotic that used to treat diarrhea, but it has various side effects. The use of medicinal plants is an alternative to overcome this problem. Lauh Putiah roots is one of the traditional medicinal plants that has many benefits, one of the benefits is to produce antibacterial compounds. Lauh Putiah roots is used as a medicine for people in Pasar Pino village, it used to heal diarrhea by drinking boiled water from Lauh Putiah roots. These habits have been passed down through generations, but it has not been proofed by scientific studies.Methods: Extraction of Lauh Putiah root was done by maceration method using ethanol 96% and dissolved with DMSO. The extraction results were used to Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay. After MIC assay, effectiveness assay was done. Both of these assay used paper disk diffusion methods. The parameters that used were the amount of inhibition zone formed around the disc paper, and the positive control used ciprofloxacin antibiotic 50 µg/ml for Escherichia coli and Shigella sp.Results: The MIC assay results showed that the roots extract of Lauh Putiah had the ability as an antibacterial against Esherichia coli and Shigella dysentriae. From the statistical analysis of ANOVA test, the effect of Lauh Putiah root extract inhibits Escherichia coli and Shigella sysentriae with a value of Fcount> Ftable with a value of ? = 0.05 and then further tested using Duncan test and found an effective inhibition zone concentration that inhibits growth of Escherichia coli in 60% concentration (AE3) and inhibits growth of Shigella dysentriae  in 87.5% concentration (BE4).Conclusion: Lauh Putiah Root Extract (Ficus racemosa L.) has inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli and Shigella dysentriae. Keywords:  Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Lauh Putiah, Ficus racemosa Linn.

scholarly journals Human isolates of apramycin-resistant Escherichia coli which contain the genes for the AAC(3)IV enzyme

1993 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. B. Hunter ◽  
C. A. Hart ◽  
J. C. Shelley ◽  
J. R. Walton ◽  
M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

SUMMARYGentamicin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated at different periods from patients in two hospitals were tested for resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotic apramycin. Twenty-four of 93 (26%) gentamicin-resistant isolates collected from the Royal Liverpool Hospital between 1981 and 1990 were resistant to apramycin. Thirteen isolates were highly resistant to apramycin (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥ 1024 μg/ml). were also resistant to gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin, and hybridized with a DNA probe derived from the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (3)IV (AAC(3)IV) gene. The proportion of gentamicinresistant isolates which had high level resistance to apramycin increased from 7% in 1981–5 to 24% in 1986–90.Twelve gentamicin-resistant E. coli from Guy's and St Thomas's Hospital isolated between 1977 and 1980 were also tested for resistance to apramycin. For five of these isolates the MICs of apramycin was 32–256 μg/ml. None was shown to have a conjugative plasmid carrying resistance to apramycin and only one hybridized with the DNA probe for the AAC(3)IV enzyme.

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Different Polar Solvent Extracts from Oxalis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Xue Jing Qiu ◽  
Ying Zi He ◽  
Xiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Butanol Extract

The Oxalis extract was obtained by soaking with ethanol, then mixed with distilled water and successively extracted using chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The four different polar solvent (chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, aqueous) extracts were evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain four kinds of crude extractum. Antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Albicans Saccharomyces and Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the four fractions were studied by minimal inhibitory concentration method (MIC). The results indicated that the chloroform extract and n-butanol extract from red Oxalis have no antimicrobial activity to the above 4 bacteria; the ethyl acetate extract showed significant inhibitory activities to the above 4 bacteria, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 2560ug/ml, 1280ug/ml, 2560ug/ml, 2560ug/ml respectively; the aqueous extract have inhibitory activity to Escherichia coli and Albicans Saccharomyces, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 2560ug/ml, 2560ug/ml respectively, but it has no antimicrobial effect on the other two kinds of bacteria. The chloroform extract and ethyl acetate extract from yellow Oxalis have no antimicrobial activity to the above 4 bacteria; the n-butanol extract has inhibitory activity to Escherichia coli, Albicans Saccharomyces and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 5120ug/ml, 5120ug/ml, 5120ug/ml respectively, but it has no antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus; the aqueous extract have inhibitory activity to Escherichia coli and Albicans Saccharomyces, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 2560ug/ml, 5120ug/ml respectively, but it has no antimicrobial effect on the other two kinds of bacteria.

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