scholarly journals Treatment outcome among cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Western India: A prospective study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita V. Patel ◽  
Kapil B. Nimavat ◽  
Patel B. Alpesh ◽  
Lipy K. Shukla ◽  
Kalpita S. Shringarpure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Western India ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals An inexpensive, efficient and safe regimen containing Pasiniazid for MDR-TB in high Tuberculosis epidemic areas – A prospective study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Sun ◽  
Qin Tang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jinhui Yang ◽  
Fangyou Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background: MDR-TB（multidrug-resistant tuberculosis） remains the challenge with low success rate of treatment. Pasiniazid had been applied in China for two decades, but relevant clinical studies are rare. To verify the efficacy and safety of a regimen containing pasiniazid on MDR-TB, a prospective clinical study was conducted in China. Methods: Patients with MDR-TB satisfied with inclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled into the study from 2017 June to 2018 Dec, given the regimen and followed up, observed the treatment outcome and adverse effect of drugs made up the regimen.Results: A total of 114 patients diagnosed as MDR Pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-PTB) were enrolled into the study and given the regimen with six months of Capremycin(Cm), Levofloxacin(Lfx), Cycloserine(Cs), Protionamide(Pto), Pyrazinamide(Z) and Pasiniazid（Pa）, followed by 12 months of LfxCsPtoZPa. The overall treatment success rate in all enrolled patients was 79.8% (91/114) while it was significantly higher in newly treated MDR-PTB (91.7%, 33/36) than that in retreated MDR-PTB(74.4%，58/78, p value was 0.03); Patients infected with strains resistant to fluoroquinolones impacted the treatment outcome (P<0.05) while other drugs did not (P >0.05). Pasiniazid was taken safely without adverse reaction during the course of treatment.Conclusions: The long term of anti-MDR-PTB regimen containing Pasiniazid was proved to be effective, safe and inexpensive although it contained injectable agents. This regimen is suited to be applied in areas with poor resource and high TB burden.

Genotypic Resistance of Pyrazinamide but Not Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Is Associated With Longer Time to Sputum Culture Conversion in Patients With Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Kuhlin ◽  
Lina Davies Forsman ◽  
Mikael Mansjö ◽  
Michaela Jonsson Nordvall ◽  
Maria Wijkander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Sputum Culture Conversion ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Culture Conversion

Abstract Background Pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is common; yet, it is not clear how it affects interim and treatment outcomes. Although rarely performed, phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) is used to define PZA resistance, but genotypic DST (gDST) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) could be beneficial. We aimed to assess the impact of PZA gDST and MIC on time to sputum culture conversion (SCC) and treatment outcome in patients with MDR-TB. Methods Clinical, microbiological, and treatment data were collected in this cohort study for all patients diagnosed with MDR-TB in Sweden from 1992–2014. MIC, pDST, and whole-genome sequencing of the pncA, rpsA, and panD genes were used to define PZA resistance. A Cox regression model was used for statistical analyses. Results Of 157 patients with MDR-TB, 56.1% (n = 88) had PZA-resistant strains and 49.7% (n = 78) were treated with PZA. In crude and adjusted analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% conficence interval [CI], .29-.82; P = .007), PZA gDST resistance was associated with a 29-day longer time to SCC. A 2-fold decrease in dilutions of PZA MIC for PZA-susceptible strains showed no association with SCC in crude or adjusted analyses (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, .73–1.31; P = .89). MIC and gDST for PZA were not associated with treatment outcome. Conclusions In patients with MDR-TB, gDST PZA resistance was associated with a longer time to SCC. Rapid PZA gDST is important to identify patients who may benefit from PZA treatment.

scholarly journals Increasing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ho Chi Minh City: a retrospective study of 2,266 cases from 2011 to 2015

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Hong Van ◽  
Phan Trieu Phu ◽  
Dao Nguyen Vinh ◽  
Vo Thanh Son ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome

Abstract Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a serious public health problem with poor treatment outcome. Predictors of poor outcomes vary in different regions. Vietnam is among the 30 countries with high burden of MDR-TB. We aim to describe demographic characteristics and identify risk factors for poor outcome of MDR-TB in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the most populous city in Vietnam. Methods: This retrospective study included 2,266 patients who initiated MDR-TB treatment from 2011 to 2015 in HCMC. Treatment outcomes were available in 2,240 patients. Data was collected from standardized paper-based treatment cards and electronic records. Kruskal Wallis test was used to diagnose the change of median of age and body mass index (BMI) over 5 years, and Wilcoxon test to compare median BMI of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Chi squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression on multiple imputation was used to identify risk factors for poor outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using R program. Results: Among 2,266 eligible cases, 60.2% were failure of category I or II regimen, 57.7% were underweight, 30.2% had diabetes mellitus and 9.6% were HIV positive. Notification rate increased 24.7% from 2011 to 2015.Treatment success rate was 73.3%. Risk factors for poor treatment outcome included HIV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.94), advanced age (aOR: 1.45 for every increase of 5 years for patients 60 years or older), having history of MDR-TB treatment (aOR: 5.53), sputum smear grade scanty and 1+ (aOR: 1.47), smear grade 2+ or 3+ (aOR: 2.06), low BMI (aOR: 0.83 for every increase of 1kg/m2 of BMI for patients with BMI<21). Conclusion: Our study describes the increasing cases of MDR-TB in HCMC during 2011 to 2015. Patients with HIV, high smear grade, malnutrition and history of previous MDR-TB treatment should receive additional care. Keywords: multidrug resistant tuberculosis; retrospective; treatment outcome; risk factors; Vietnam

scholarly journals Different profiles of body mass index evolutions among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhassane Diallo ◽  
Boubacar Djelo Diallo ◽  
Lansana Mady Camara ◽  
Lucrèce Ahouéfa Nadège Kounoudji ◽  
Boubacar Bah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Abstract Background Despite the predictor role of the body weight variation on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcome, little data are available to corroborate this finding. We aimed to study the course of weight in patients with MDR-TB, to identify subgroups of weight evolutions, and to determine factors that influence these evolutions.Methods Patients treated with a shorter MDR-TB treatment regimen between June 07, 2016 and June 22, 2018 from three major drug-resistance TB centres in Guinea, who had rifampicin resistance, and who were cured or died were analysed. Patients were seen monthly until the end of treatment. Clinical outcome was the Body Mass Index (BMI). We used a linear mixed model to analyze the course of BMI and a latent class mixed model to identify subgroup of BMI evolutions.Results Of 232 patients treated for MDR-TB during the study period, 165 (71%) were analysed. These patients had a total of 1387 visits, with a median of 5 visits (interquartile range, 3 – 8 visits). Monthly BMI increase was 0.24 (SE 0.02) per kg/m 2 . Factors that associated with faster BMI progression were cured to MDR-TB treatment (0.24 [SE 0.09] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0205), and the absence of lung cavities on X-ray (0.18 [0.06] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0068). Two subgroups of BMI evolution were identified: “Rapid BMI (n = 121; 85%) and “Slow BMI evolution (n = 22; 15%). Patients in the slow increasing BMI group were mostly female (68%) without history of TB treatment (41%) with most severe clinical condition at baseline, characterized by a higher frequency of symptoms including HIV infection (59%), depression (18%), dyspnea (68%), poor adherence to MDR-TB treatment (64%), lower platelets count, and higher liver SGOT count. These patients had also a longer time to-initial culture conversion delay (log-rank test: p = 0.0087).Conclusion The available data provide quantitative information on BMI progression of patients with MDR-TB treated with a shorter regimen, and allowed the identification of the subgroup of patients with different BMI evolutions. Furthermore, they emphasize the usefulness of BMI as biomarker to monitor MDR-TB treatment outcome.

scholarly journals New Approaches in the Classification and Prognosis of Sign Clusters on Pulmonary CT Images in Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qisheng Song ◽  
Xiaohong Guo ◽  
Liling Zhang ◽  
Lianjun Yang ◽  
Xiwei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Destroyed Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Ct

Background: To date, radiographic sign clusters of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients have not been reported. We conducted a study to investigate the classification and prognosis of sign clusters in pulmonary Computed Tomography (CT) images from patients with MDR-TB for the first time by using principal component analysis (PCA).Methods: The clinical data and pulmonary CT findings of 108 patients with MDR-TB in the Liupanshui Third Hospital were collected (from January 2018 to December 2020). PCA was used to analyze the sign clusters on pulmonary CT, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to analyze the predictive value of the treatment outcome of MDR-TB patients.Results: Six cluster signs of MDR-TB were determined by PCA: nodules, infiltration, consolidation, cavities, destroyed lung and non-active lesions. Nine months after treatment, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of MDR-TB patients with a cavity sign cluster was 0.818 (95% CI: 0.733–0.886), and the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the treatment outcome were 79.6% (95% CI: 65.7–89.8%) and 72.9% (95% CI: 59.7–83.6%), respectively.Conclusion: PCA plays an important role in the classification of sign groups on pulmonary CT images of MDR-TB patients, and the sign clusters obtained from PCA are of great significance in predicting the treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Different profiles of body mass index variation among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhassane Diallo ◽  
Boubacar Djelo Diallo ◽  
Lansana Mady Camara ◽  
Lucrèce Ahouéfa Nadège Kounoudji ◽  
Boubacar Bah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Mdr Tb

Abstract Background: Despite the predictive role of body weight variation in treatment outcome in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), few corroborating data are available. We studied weight variation in patients with MDR-TB to identify groups of weight change and to determine factors that influence these changes. Methods: We analyzed patients with rifampicin resistance who were treated with an MDR-TB treatment regimen between June 07, 2016 and June 22, 2018 at three major drug-resistant TB centers in Guinea. Patients were seen monthly until the end of treatment. Clinical outcome was the body mass index (BMI). We used a linear mixed model to analyze trajectories of BMI and a latent class mixed model to identify groups of BMI trajectories. Results: Of 232 patients treated for MDR-TB during the study period, 165 were analyzed. These patients had a total of 1387 visits, with a median of 5 visits (interquartile range, 3 – 8 visits). Monthly BMI increase was 0.24 (SE 0.02) per kg/m 2 . Factors associated with faster BMI progression were success of MDR-TB treatment (0.24 [SE 0.09] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0205) and absence of lung cavities on X-ray (0.18 [0.06] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0068). Two groups of BMI change were identified: rapid BMI increase (n = 121; 85%) and slow BMI increase (n = 22; 15%). Patients in the slow BMI increase group were mostly female (68%) had no history of TB treatment (41%), had a positive HIV infection (59%), and had a more severe clinical condition at baseline, characterized by a higher frequency of symptoms including depression (18%), dyspnea (68%), poor adherence to MDR-TB treatment (64%), lower platelet count, and higher SGOT. These patients also had a longer time to initial culture conversion (log-rank test: p = 0.0087). Conclusion: Quantitative BMI data on patients with MDR-TB treated with a short regimen allowed the identification of subgroups of patients with different trajectories of BMI and emphasized the usefulness of BMI as a biomarker for the monitoring of MDR-TB treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Determination of MIC Breakpoints for Second-Line Drugs Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 4786-4792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xubin Zheng ◽  
Rongrong Zheng ◽  
Yi Hu ◽  
Jim Werngren ◽  
Lina Davies Forsman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

ABSTRACTOur study aims to identify the clinical breakpoints (CBPs) of second-line drugs (SLDs) above which standard therapy fails in order to improve multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. MICs of SLDs were determined forM. tuberculosisisolates cultured from 207 MDR-TB patients in a prospective cohort study in China between January 2010 and December 2012. Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was used to identify the CBPs predictive of treatment outcome. Of the 207 MDR-TB isolates included in the present study, the proportion of isolates above the critical concentration recommended by WHO ranged from 5.3% in pyrazinamide to 62.8% in amikacin. By selecting pyrazinamide as the primary node (CBP, 18.75 mg/liter), 72.1% of sputum culture conversions at month four could be predicted. As for treatment outcome, pyrazinamide (CBP, 37.5 mg/liter) was selected as the primary node to predict 89% of the treatment success, followed by ofloxacin (CBP, 3 mg/liter), improving the predictive capacity of the primary node by 10.6%. Adjusted by identified confounders, the CART-derived pyrazinamide CBP remained the strongest predictor in the model of treatment outcome. Our findings indicate that the critical breakpoints of some second-line drugs and PZA need to be reconsidered in order to better indicate MDR-TB treatment outcome.

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