Characteristics of the emerging chicken-origin highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses: A new threat to public health and poultry industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Liu ◽  
Zhujun Zhang ◽  
Lihong He ◽  
Zhao Gao ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Highly Pathogenic

An overview of the epidemic of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in Egypt: epidemiology and control challenges

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. ABDELWHAB ◽  
H. M. HAFEZ
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Hpai H5n1 ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYEmergence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in Egypt in mid-February 2006 caused significant losses for the poultry industry and constituted a potential threat to public health. Since late 2007, there has been increasing evidence that stable lineages of H5N1 viruses are being established in chickens and humans in Egypt. The virus has been detected in wild, feral and zoo birds and recently was found in donkeys and pigs. Most of the outbreaks in poultry and humans occurred in the highly populated Nile delta. The temporal pattern of the virus has changed since 2009 with outbreaks now occurring in the warmer months of the year. Challenges to control of endemic disease in Egypt are discussed. For the foreseeable future, unless a global collaboration exists, HPAI H5N1 virus in Egypt will continue to compromise the poultry industry, endanger public health and pose a serious pandemic threat.

scholarly journals Plague and Pregnancy: Why Special Considerations Are Needed

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S27-S29
Author(s):  
Dana Meaney-Delman ◽  
Nadia L Oussayef ◽  
Margaret A Honein ◽  
Christina A Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Organism ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Pregnant women are an important at-risk population to consider during public health emergencies. These women, like nonpregnant adults, may be faced with the risk of acquiring life-threatening infections during outbreaks or bioterrorism (BT) events and, in some cases, can experience increased severity of infection and higher morbidity compared with nonpregnant adults. Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague, is a highly pathogenic organism. There are 4 million births annually in the United States, and thus the unique needs of pregnant women and their infants should be considered in pre-event planning for a plague outbreak or BT event.

scholarly journals Important Aspects of Salmonella in the Poultry Industry and in Public Health

10.5772/30812 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana N. Castiglioni Tessari ◽  
Ana Maria Iba Kanashiro ◽  
Greice F. Z. Stoppa ◽  
Renato L. ◽  
Antonio Guilherme M. De Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Poultry Industry

scholarly journals Antibodies Are Major Drivers of Protection against Lethal Aerosol Infection with Highly Pathogenic Burkholderia spp.

mSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Hogan ◽  
Eric R. Lafontaine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Burkholderia Mallei ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Aerosol Infection

ABSTRACT Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei are the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively. There is no vaccine to protect against these highly pathogenic bacteria, and there is concern regarding their emergence as global public health (B. pseudomallei) and biosecurity (B. mallei) threats. In this issue of mSphere, an article by Khakhum and colleagues (N. Khakhum, P. Bharaj, J. N. Myers, D. Tapia, et al., mSphere 4:e00570-18, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00570-18) describes a novel vaccination platform with excellent potential for cross-protection against both Burkholderia species. The report also highlights the importance of antibodies in immunity against these facultative intracellular organisms.

scholarly journals Newly Emergent Highly Pathogenic H5N9 Subtype Avian Influenza A Virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (17) ◽  
pp. 8806-8815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Xingbo Wang ◽  
Tao Jin ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
Weiying Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reassortant Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus ◽  
Live Bird

ABSTRACTThe novel H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) was demonstrated to cause severe human respiratory infections in China. Here, we examined poultry specimens from live bird markets linked to human H7N9 infection in Hangzhou, China. Metagenomic sequencing revealed mixed subtypes (H5, H7, H9, N1, N2, and N9). Subsequently, AIV subtypes H5N9, H7N9, and H9N2 were isolated. Evolutionary analysis showed that the hemagglutinin gene of the novel H5N9 virus originated from A/Muscovy duck/Vietnam/LBM227/2012 (H5N1), which belongs to clade 2.3.2.1. The neuraminidase gene of the novel H5N9 virus originated from human-infective A/Hangzhou/1/2013 (H7N9). The six internal genes were similar to those of other H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 virus strains. The virus harbored the PQRERRRKR/GL motif characteristic of highly pathogenic AIVs at the HA cleavage site. Receptor-binding experiments demonstrated that the virus binds α-2,3 sialic acid but not α-2,6 sialic acid. Identically, pathogenicity experiments also showed that the virus caused low mortality rates in mice. This newly isolated H5N9 virus is a highly pathogenic reassortant virus originating from H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes. Live bird markets represent a potential transmission risk to public health and the poultry industry.IMPORTANCEThis investigation confirms that the novel H5N9 subtype avian influenza A virus is a reassortant strain originating from H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes and is totally different from the H5N9 viruses reported before. The novel H5N9 virus acquired a highly pathogenic H5 gene and an N9 gene from human-infecting subtype H7N9 but caused low mortality rates in mice. Whether this novel H5N9 virus will cause human infections from its avian host and become a pandemic subtype is not known yet. It is therefore imperative to assess the risk of emergence of this novel reassortant virus with potential transmissibility to public health.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KEBERLANJUTAN PENERAPAN LANGKAH-LANGKAH BIOSEKURITI PADA PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER DI DESA SELANBAWAK, KECAMATAN MARGA, KABUPATEN TABANAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
SARINI N. P. ◽  
N. N. SURYANI ◽  
NI PUTU MARIANI ◽  
A. A. OKA ◽  
M. DEWANTARI
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Government

The entry of Avian Influenza (AI) to Indonesia in 2003 gave a tremendously negative impact on poultrybusinesses. Biosecurity is one of the government efforts to protect the spread of infectious diseases to the farms.It gets a good response from all the stakeholders in the poultry industry. Although there are no Avian Influenzaoutbreaks anymore, control to the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) is still becoming a main priority incontrolling diseases in the poultry farms. This research was conducted to evaluate the sustainability of biosecurityimplementation in the broiler farms and mentored requirement to prevent AI outbreaks from occurring again.A survey was used to gain information on broiler famers at Selanbawak Village. The samples in this study wereall the farmers who were involved in the ACIAR project AH/2006/169. They had been trained and supervised toimplement biosecurity measures in their farms. The data obtained were descriptive-qualitatively analyzed usingpercentage approach based on the biosecurity implementation criteria. It was found that the biosecurity measuresimplemented by those farmers had not been maintained. Most of the farms were untidy; and rubbishes and busheswere scattered around the farms. The footbath was not properly used as sanitary equipment, and even some wereburied with cement.

scholarly journals Avian influenza outbreaks in the WHO European region and public health actions

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Brown ◽  
O Horstick ◽  
F Naville ◽  
G Rodier ◽  
B Ganter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza H5n1 ◽  
Influenza Outbreaks ◽  
Influenza H5n1

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in poultry and wild birds

scholarly journals Avian influenza human death reported in the Netherlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Crofts
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Human Death

A human fatality has been reported from the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H7N7, which has been ongoing in the Netherlands since the end of February and which has caused a standstill to that country’s poultry industry.

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