The Upper Limb Functional Index and Quickdash are Responsive Tools for Measuring Clinical Change After an Upper Extremity Burn

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda M. Dale ◽  
Elena Bolin ◽  
Heather Howearth ◽  
Megan Painter ◽  
Ashley Pickett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Clinical Change

Effects of mirror therapy vs modified constraint induced movement therapy on upper extremity in subacute stroke patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
Kamatchi Kaviraja ◽  
G Tharani ◽  
G Yuvarani ◽  
N Kaviraja ◽  
Jenifer Augustina S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Movement Therapy ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
The Brain

Objective: To compare and to examine the effectiveness of mirror therapy and modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT) on upper extremity in subacute stroke patients. Background: Stroke or cerebral vascular accident is sudden dead of the brain cells due to inadequate blood flow. The WHO defines stroke as rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting for 24hrs or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. The most common consequence of stroke is loss of upper limb function. The protocol planned for improving the function of upper limb are mirror therapy and modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT). Mirror therapy is a simple and inexpensive treatment which uses the visual information activating the premotor and motor cortex of the brain. This is explained by activation of so called mirrorneuron system. Whereas mCIMT utilises the redundant pathway in brain through neuro plasticity. Methodology: A total of 30 participants with subacute stroke were selected. The inclusion criteria are both gender of age 55-70 years and duration of 2-12 months of post stroke. Participants with mini mental state examination score<24, uncontrolled systemic hypertension, severe shoulder subluxation, previous stroke and severe cardiac failure were excluded. The outcome measures were measured using Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) and Fugl Meyer Upper Extremity Scale. Procedure: All 30 participants with sub-acute stroke were divided into two groups. Both the group individuals were assessed for pre test using Fugl Meyer Upper Extremity Scale and Upper Extremity Functional Index Scale. Group A (15) was assigned to mirror therapy for 5 days a week, for 4 weeks and rest intervals was given. Similarly group B (15) was assigned to modified constraint induced movement therapy for 5 days a week, for 4 weeks. Both the groups were given conventional therapy for 20 mins. At the end of study subjects were assessed for post test using UEFI and Fugl Meyer upper extremity scale. Results: The Modified Constraint Induced Movement (mCIMT) is more effective than Mirror Therapy in improving the hemiparetic upper extremity in subacute stroke patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(2) 2021 p.323-329

scholarly journals Current Experiences With the Prosthetic Upper Extremity Functional Index in Follow-Up of Children With Upper Limb Reduction Deficiency

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola A. van Dijk-Koot ◽  
Inez van der Ham ◽  
Laurien M. Buffart ◽  
Corry K. van der Sluis ◽  
Henk J. Stam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Limb Reduction

scholarly journals Clinical experience of upper limb ischemia: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1562
Author(s):  
Jitesh Tolia ◽  
Arvind Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Conventional Angiography ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Catheter Directed Thrombolysis

Background: Arterial disorders of the upper extremity are much less common than those of the lower extremity, but when they result in symptoms of acute or chronic ischemia, surgical or endovascular techniques for upper extremity revascularization may be needed. This study presents a review of the epidemiology, aetiology, and clinical characteristics of upper limb ischemia.Methods: The records of 70 patients with upper limb ischemia who underwent treatment from were retrospectively reviewed.Results: A total of 44 patients were diagnosed by CT. Other diagnostic methods and tools used were conventional angiography and duplex ultrasound. Four cases were diagnosed solely on the basis of a medical history and physical examination. A total of 56 surgeries were performed. Rest of the 14 patients went under conservative therapy. The operations included embolectomy and thrombectomy using a Fogarty balloon catheter (n=32), bypass surgery using the great saphenous vein (n=10), percutaneous catheter-directed thrombolysis (n=8), and primary repair (n=4). Patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon or Burger’s disease were either treated with medication only (n=14) or with sympathectomy (n=2).Conclusions: The duration of symptoms in cases of upper limb ischemia may vary from two hours to a year, depending on the aetiology and severity of the illness. Many debates have addressed whether the time gap between the onset of symptoms and treatment predicts long-term arm function.

scholarly journals Upper Limb Movement Measurement Systems for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Literature Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7884
Author(s):  
Celia Francisco-Martínez ◽  
Juan Prado-Olivarez ◽  
José A. Padilla-Medina ◽  
Javier Díaz-Carmona ◽  
Francisco J. Pérez-Pinal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Kinect Sensor ◽  
Upper Limb Movements ◽  
Kinematic Models ◽  
Joint Assessment

Quantifying the quality of upper limb movements is fundamental to the therapeutic process of patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Several clinical methods are currently available to assess the upper limb range of motion (ROM) in children with CP. This paper focuses on identifying and describing available techniques for the quantitative assessment of the upper limb active range of motion (AROM) and kinematics in children with CP. Following the screening and exclusion of articles that did not meet the selection criteria, we analyzed 14 studies involving objective upper extremity assessments of the AROM and kinematics using optoelectronic devices, wearable sensors, and low-cost Kinect sensors in children with CP aged 4–18 years. An increase in the motor function of the upper extremity and an improvement in most of the daily tasks reviewed were reported. In the population of this study, the potential of wearable sensors and the Kinect sensor natural user interface as complementary devices for the quantitative evaluation of the upper extremity was evident. The Kinect sensor is a clinical assessment tool with a unique markerless motion capture system. Few authors had described the kinematic models and algorithms used to estimate their kinematic analysis in detail. However, the kinematic models in these studies varied from 4 to 10 segments. In addition, few authors had followed the joint assessment recommendations proposed by the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB). This review showed that three-dimensional analysis systems were used primarily for monitoring and evaluating spatiotemporal variables and kinematic parameters of upper limb movements. The results indicated that optoelectronic devices were the most commonly used systems. The joint assessment recommendations proposed by the ISB should be used because they are approved standards for human kinematic assessments. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021257211).

scholarly journals A Rasch-Validated Version of the Upper Extremity Functional Index for Interval-Level Measurement of Upper Extremity Function

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1507-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayon B. Hamilton ◽  
Bert M. Chesworth
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Rasch Model

Background The original 20-item Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) has not undergone Rasch validation. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether Rasch analysis supports the UEFI as a measure of a single construct (ie, upper extremity function) and whether a Rasch-validated UEFI has adequate reproducibility for individual-level patient evaluation. Design This was a secondary analysis of data from a repeated-measures study designed to evaluate the measurement properties of the UEFI over a 3-week period. Methods Patients (n=239) with musculoskeletal upper extremity disorders were recruited from 17 physical therapy clinics across 4 Canadian provinces. Rasch analysis of the UEFI measurement properties was performed. If the UEFI did not fit the Rasch model, misfitting patients were deleted, items with poor response structure were corrected, and misfitting items and redundant items were deleted. The impact of differential item functioning on the ability estimate of patients was investigated. Results A 15-item modified UEFI was derived to achieve fit to the Rasch model where the total score was supported as a measure of upper extremity function only. The resultant UEFI-15 interval-level scale (0–100, worst to best state) demonstrated excellent internal consistency (person separation index=0.94) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [2,1]=.95). The minimal detectable change at the 90% confidence interval was 8.1. Limitations Patients who were ambidextrous or bilaterally affected were excluded to allow for the analysis of differential item functioning due to limb involvement and arm dominance. Conclusion Rasch analysis did not support the validity of the 20-item UEFI. However, the UEFI-15 was a valid and reliable interval-level measure of a single dimension: upper extremity function. Rasch analysis supports using the UEFI-15 in physical therapist practice to quantify upper extremity function in patients with musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity.

Neurorehabilitation in Adults With Traumatic Upper Extremity Amputation: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110702
Author(s):  
Jake Rydland ◽  
Stephanie Spiegel ◽  
Olivia Wolfe ◽  
Bennett Alterman ◽  
John T Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Extremity Amputation

Background Most of the current literature around amputation focuses on lower extremity amputation or engineering aspects of prosthetic devices. There is a need to more clearly understand neurobehavioral mechanisms related to upper extremity amputation and how such mechanisms might influence recovery and utilization of prostheses. Objective This scoping review aims to identify and summarize the current literature on adult traumatic upper limb amputation in regard to recovery and functional outcomes and how neuroplasticity might influence these findings. Methods We identified appropriate articles using Academic Search Complete EBSCO, OVID Medline, and Cochrane databases. The resulting articles were then exported, screened, and reviewed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Results Eleven (11) studies met the study criteria. Of these studies, 7 focused on sensory involvement, 3 focused on neuroplastic changes post-amputation related to functional impact, and 1 study focused on motor control and learning post-amputation. Overall, these studies revealed an incomplete understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in motor rehabilitation in the central and peripheral nervous systems, while also demonstrating the value of an individualized approach to neurorehabilitation in upper limb loss. Conclusions There is a gap in our understanding of the role of neurorehabilitation following amputation. Overall, focused rehabilitation parameters, demographic information, and clarity around central and peripheral neural mechanisms are needed in future research to address neurobehavioral mechanisms to promote functional recovery following traumatic upper extremity amputation.

Fractures of the hand and wrist

2021 ◽  
pp. 409-434
Author(s):  
David J. Shewring
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Available P ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Articular Fractures ◽  
Hand Fractures ◽  
Surgical Fixation ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Fractures of the phalanges and metacarpals are the most common fractures of the upper limb and account for 10% of all fractures. Along with fractures of the carpal bones, they represent 55% of upper extremity fractures. Although over the last few decades there has been an increased tendency to treat hand fractures with internal fixation, the vast majority of these fractures are stable and can (and should) be treated non-operatively. If surgical fixation is considered, then it must be appreciated that some hand fractures, particularly those affecting the proximal phalangeal shaft and intra-articular fractures, can be unforgiving. Fractures treated poorly, using inappropriate equipment in inexperienced hands can lead to irretrievably poor outcomes. Good or perfect results can be obtained with surgical fixation, but these demand careful planning with consideration of all the various methods in the surgical repertoire. The best, and possibly the only opportunity to obtain a good result is at the first surgical intervention and so those fractures requiring fixation should not be treated by unsupervised inexperienced surgeons. It is preferable to delay fixation by a few days until the best expertise is available.

Upper-Extremity Arteries

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-236
Author(s):  
Adam Zybulewski ◽  
Ilya Livshitz ◽  
Bhumika Patel ◽  
Aaron Fischman
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Arterial Injury ◽  
Arterial Access ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Ischemic Syndrome

This chapter evaluates the spectrum of pathologic diseases that affect the upper-extremity arteries, their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and treatment options. We review the role of surgical and endovascular intervention for the treatment of acute upper limb ischemia (AULI) and chronic upper limb ischemia (CULI), the clinical and imaging findings associated with Raynaud’s phenomenon, hypothenar hammer syndrome, distal hypoperfusion ischemic syndrome (DHIS), thromboangittis obliterans (TOA), thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), giant cell arteritis, Bechet’s disease, radiation arteritis, and traumatic arterial injury, including compartment syndrome and pseudoanuerysm formation. Finally, the evolution of upper-extremity arterial access and use of transradial access (TRA), including benefits and risks, technique, and complications, are discussed.

Nerve injuries of the upper extremity

2010 ◽  
pp. 873-882
Author(s):  
George Samandouras
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Nerve Injuries

Chapter 17.2 covers nerve injuries of the upper extremity, including brachial plexopathies and upper limb mononeuropathies.

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