Rare earth elements tracing the soil erosion processes on slope surface under natural rainfall

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1078-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyong Zhu ◽  
Shuduan Tan ◽  
Haishan Dang ◽  
Quanfa Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Slope Surface ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Natural Rainfall

Rare earth elements tracing interrill erosion processes as affected by near-surface hydraulic gradients

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 104673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenfeng Wang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Yunqi Wang ◽  
Wenlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients ◽  
Interrill Erosion

An improved method for tracing soil erosion using rare earth elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1670-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Hai Xiao ◽  
Puling Liu ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Jiaqiong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Improved Method

Rare earth elements: a potential proxy for identifying the lacustrine sediment source and soil erosion intensity in karst areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Yue Wen ◽  
Cheng-Min Huang ◽  
Ya Tang ◽  
Suo-Lang Gong-Bo ◽  
Xin-Xin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Lacustrine Sediment ◽  
Sediment Source ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
Erosion Intensity

scholarly journals Rainfall Erosivity in Soil Erosion Processes

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Gianni Bellocchi ◽  
Nazzareno Diodato
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Raindrop Energy

Regional studies on the erosive power of rainfall patterns are still limited and the actual impacts that may follow on erosional and sedimentation processes are poorly understood. Given the several interrelated challenges of environmental management, it is also not always unclear what is relevant for the development of adaptive and integrated approaches facilitating sustainable water resource management. This editorial introduces the Special Issue entitled “Rainfall Erosivity in Soil Erosion Processes”, which offers options to fill some of these gaps. Three studies performed in China and Central Asia (by Duulatov et al., Water 2019, 11, 897, Xu et al., 2019, 11, 2429, Gu et al. 2020, 12, 200) show that the erosion potential of rainfall is increasing in this region, driving social, economic, and environmental consequences. In the same region (the Weibei Plateau in China), Fu et al. (Water 2019, 11, 1514) assessed the effect of raindrop energy on the splash distance and particle size distribution of aggregate splash erosion. In the Mediterranean, updated estimates of current and future rainfall erosivity for Greece are provided by Vantas et al. (Water 2020, 12, 687), while Diodato and Bellocchi (Water 2019, 11, 2306) reconstructed and investigated seasonal net erosion in an Italian catchment using parsimonious modelling. Then, this Special Issue includes two technologically oriented articles by Ricks at al. The first (Water 2019, 11, 2386) evaluated a large-scale rainfall simulator design to simulate rainfall with characteristics similar to natural rainfall. The data provided contribute to the information that may be useful for the government’s decision making when considering landscape changes caused by variations in the intensity of a rainfall event. The second article (Water 2020, 12, 515) illustrated a laboratory-scale test of mulching methods to protect against the discharge of sediment-laden stormwater from active construction sites (e.g., highway construction projects).

scholarly journals Mineral-leaching chemical transport with runoff and sediment from severely eroded rare-earth tailings in southern China

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhong Lu ◽  
Longxi Cao ◽  
Yin Liang ◽  
Jiuqin Yuan ◽  
Yayun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Transport Distance ◽  
Sediment Deposits ◽  
Rare Earth Tailings ◽  
Mineral Leaching

Abstract. Rare-earth mining has led to severe soil erosion in southern China. Furthermore, the presence of the mineral-leaching chemical ammonium sulfate in runoff and sediment poses a serious environmental threat to downstream water bodies. In this paper, the characteristics of mineral-leaching chemicals in surface soil samples collected in the field were studied. In addition, NH4+ and SO42− transport via soil erosion was monitored using runoff and sediment samples collected during natural rainfall processes. The results demonstrated that the NH4+ contents in the surface sediment deposits increased from the top of the heap (6.56 mg kg−1) to the gully (8.23 mg kg−1) and outside the tailing heap (13.03 mg kg−1). The contents of SO42− in the different locations of the tailing heaps ranged from 27.71 to 40.33 mg kg−1. During typical rainfall events, the absorbed NH4+ concentrations (2.05, 1.26 mg L−1) in runoff were significantly higher than the dissolved concentrations (0.93, 1.04 mg L−1), while the absorbed SO42− concentrations (2.87, 1.92 mg L−1) were significantly lower than the dissolved concentrations (6.55, 7.51 mg L−1). The dissolved NH4+ and SO42− concentrations in runoff displayed an exponentially decreasing tendency with increasing transport distance (Y = 1. 02 ⋅ exp( − 0. 00312X); Y = 3. 34 ⋅ exp( − 0. 0185X)). No clear trend with increasing distance was observed for the absorbed NH4+ and SO42− contents in transported sediment. The NH4+ and SO42− contents had positive correlations with the silt and clay ratio in transported sediment but negative correlations with the sand ratio. These results provide a better understanding of the transport processes and can be used to develop equations to predict the transport of mineral-leaching chemicals in rare-earth tailings, which can provide a scientific foundation for erosion control and soil management in rare-earth tailing regions in southern China.

scholarly journals Set-up and calibration of a portable small scale rainfall simulator for assessing soil erosion processes at interrill scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Zemke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Fall Velocity ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Spatial Homogeneity ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Natural Rainfall

A portable rainfall simulator was built for assessing runoff and soil erosion processes at interrill scale. Within this study, requirements and constraints of the rainfall simulator are identified and discussed. The focus lies on the calibration of the simulator with regard to spatial rainfall homogeneity, rainfall intensity, drop size, drop fall velocity and rainfall kinetic energy. These parameters were obtained using different methods including a Laser Precipitation Monitor. A detailed presentation of the operational characteristics is given. The presented rainfall simulator setup featured a rainfall intensity of 45.4 mm·h-1 with a spatial homogeneity of 80.4% based on a plot area of 0.64 m². Because of the comparatively low drop height (2 m), the diameter-dependent terminal fall velocity (1.87 m·s-1) was lower than benchmark values for natural rainfall. This conditioned also a reduced rainfall kinetic energy (4.6 J·m-2·mm-1) compared to natural rainfall with same intensity. These shortfalls, a common phenomenon concerning portable rainfall simulators, represented the best possible trade-off between all relevant rainfall parameters obtained with the given simulator setup. Field experiments proved that the rainfall erosivity was constant and replicable.

scholarly journals Soil erosion in sloping vineyards under conventional and organic land use managements (Saar-Mosel Valley, Germany)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kirchhoff ◽  
J. Rodrigo-Comino ◽  
M. Seeger ◽  
J.B. Ries
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss

German vineyards are one of the land uses most prone to soil erosion. Due to their placement on mainly steep slopes and non-conservative cultivation practices, runoff and soil loss are a serious problem for wine growers. In the Saar-Mosel valley (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany), there is a tendency towards organic management of vineyards with protective grass cover in the inter-rows. Since there is a lack of information about organic-conventional tillage in German vineyards related to soil erosion processes, this study presents a comparison between these two soil management practices. For this purpose, 22 rainfall simulations were performed as well as a medium-term monitoring by using 4-paired Gerlach troughs in two experimental sites in the Saar-Mosel valley. The mean simulated runoff coefficient and suspended sediment load in conventional vineyards amounted up to 23.3% and 33.75 g m-2, respectively. In the organic site, runoff and soil loss were only recorded in one out of the 11 simulations. Runoff and sediment was collected in the Gerlach troughs for 33 natural rainfall events. In the conventional vineyard, the total measured soil loss was 3314.63 g m-1 and 6503.77 g m-1 and total runoff volumes were 105.52 L m-1 and 172.58 L m-1. In the organic site, total soil losses reached 143.16 g m-1 and 258.89 g m-1 and total runoff was 21.65 L m-1 and 12.69 L m-1. When soil loss was measured without corresponding runoff or precipitation, soil erosion was activated by tillage or trampling. Finally, the conventional vineyard showed a higher variability in soil loss and runoff suggesting less predictable results.

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