scholarly journals Corporate greenhouse gas inventories, guarantees of origin and combined heat and power production – Analysis of impacts on total carbon dioxide emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Nordenstam ◽  
Danica Djuric Ilic ◽  
Louise Ödlund
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Production Analysis

scholarly journals Net CO<sub>2</sub> fossil fuel emissions of Tokyo estimated directly from measurements of the Tsukuba TCCON site and radiosondes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2697-2710
Author(s):  
Arne Babenhauserheide ◽  
Frank Hase ◽  
Isamu Morino
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
North East

Abstract. We present a simple statistical approach for estimating the greenhouse gas emissions of large cities using accurate long-term data of column-averaged greenhouse gas abundances collected by a nearby FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer. This approach is then used to estimate carbon dioxide emissions from Tokyo.FTIR measurements by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) derive gas abundances by quantitative spectral analysis of molecular absorption bands observed in near-infrared solar absorption spectra. Consequently these measurements only include daytime data.The emissions of Tokyo are derived by binning measurements according to wind direction and subtracting measurements of wind fields from outside the Tokyo area from measurements of wind fields from inside the Tokyo area.We estimate the average yearly carbon dioxide emissions from the area of Tokyo to be 70±21±6 MtC yr−1 between 2011 and 2016, calculated using only measurements from the TCCON site in Tsukuba (north-east of Tokyo) and wind-speed data from nearby radiosondes at Tateno. The uncertainties are estimated from the distribution of values and uncertainties of parameters (±21) and from the differences between fitting residuals with polynomials or with sines and cosines (±6).Our estimates are a factor of 1.7 higher than estimates using the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide emission inventory (ODIAC), but when results are scaled by the expected daily cycle of emissions, measurements simulated from ODIAC data are within the uncertainty of our results.The goal of this study is not to calculate the best possible estimate of CO2 emissions but to describe a simple method which can be replicated easily and uses only observation data.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Uptake by Cement-Based Materials: A Spanish Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Sanjuán ◽  
Carmen Andrade ◽  
Pedro Mora ◽  
Aniceto Zaragoza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Uptake ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Cement Based Materials

The European parliament has declared a global “climate and environmental emergency” on 28 November 2019. Given that, climate change is a clear strategic issue all around the world. Then, greenhouse gas emissions are reported by each country to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) every year. In addition, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in the “2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories” give the procedure to calculate and manage the national greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. However, these guidelines do not provide any method to consider the net carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere (released in clinker fabrication minus those due to concrete carbonation) by the Portland cement clinker industry. This topic should be implemented in the climatic models of the next IPCC assessment report. This paper provides an easy procedure of estimating net CO2 emissions proposed in the “recarbonation project” (simplified method); that is to say, carbon dioxide uptake during the service-life stage is considered as the 20% of the CO2 released by the calcination (process emissions), whereas the end-of-life and secondary usage is only the 3% of the CO2 released by calcination. The outcome of this study reveals that 31,290.753 tons of carbon dioxide will be absorbed by the cement-based materials produced in Spain with the cements manufactured from 2005 to 2015.

scholarly journals Greenhouse gas emission from motor vehicles in Poland in 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Chłopek ◽  
Anna Olecka ◽  
Krystian Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions

Abstract The article presents the results of the inventory of greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles in Poland in 2015. The inventory was developed in accordance with the applicable guidelines for the annual greenhouse gas emission inventory (Decision 24/CP.19 of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) by the National Centre for Emissions Management and Balancing (KOBiZE) at the Institute of Environmental Protection – the National Research Institute. The national annual gas emissions from road transport are presented, including: carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide along with emissions of the above gases converted into carbon dioxide equivalents. Carbon dioxide makes up the largest share in carbon dioxide emissions. This is particularly evident in the case of road transport – the emission of gases other than carbon dioxide (methane and nitrous oxide) is several orders of magnitude lower than the emission of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide emissions from road transport account currently for approximately 14% of the total carbon dioxide emission in Poland.

scholarly journals Methane and carbon dioxide emissions during electric power production

2021 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Denis Zastrelov ◽  
Ekaterina Lukina ◽  
Ekaterina Snetova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Electric Power Production ◽  
The Russian Federation

The amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the “Energy sector” on the territory of the Russian Federation is presented. The estimate of potential for greenhouse gas emissions reduction in the energy sector is considered. Recommendations for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the “Energy sector” are provided.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Due to Power Consumption of Household Whitegoods Appliances

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-850
Author(s):  
Caleb Stewart ◽  
Mir-Akbar Hessami
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Household Appliances ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

This paper presents information related to greenhouse gas emissions due to the power consumption of the following household appliances: refrigerators, clothes washers, clothes dryers, freezers, and dishwashers; a possible extension to this analysis would include heaters and air-conditioners. Actual energy consumption data for the period 1993 to 1999 were used to estimate the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1994 to 2009 incremented at 5 years; these data can also be used to estimate the energy consumption of these appliances for 2008–2012 with reference to 1990 for reasons of comparison under the Kyoto Protocol. The total carbon dioxide equivalent emissions for the above household appliances show a peak of 29.6 mega-tonnes CO2 around 1999 with a decreasing trend post 1999 to 27.4 mega-tonnes CO2 in 2009. Details of the analysis for selected appliances show that refrigerators account for over half of total emissions, decreasing from 60.1% in 1994 to 51.6% in 2009. The aggregate trend activity was found to highly depend on the trend activity for emissions for refrigerators. The trend activity for freezers, clothes dryers and clothes washers is increasing for consecutive years from 1994 to 2009 defying the trend exhibited by refrigerators and dishwashers. The reason for this discrepancy is the relatively higher decreases in kWh/annum for refrigerators and dishwashers in contrast to other appliances. The energy consumption curves for each appliance take this differential into account. The energy consumption curve for refrigerators predicts a much faster decrease in kWh/annum than for other appliances thus causing the downward trend post 1999.

Comparative Study on BRIC Carbon Dioxide Emissions - Econometric Empirical Test Based on Cross-Century Time Series Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1512-1515
Author(s):  
Wei Hua Du
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Bric Countries ◽  
Per Capita

Take for example the BRIC economies: Brazil, Russia, India and China. We investigated the time series data on the relationship between carbon dioxide emission and economic growth in these fast-growing developing countries by both comparative statics and comparative dynamics. The results show that there is the monotonic relationship between total carbon dioxide emissions, carbon dioxide emissions per capita and per capita GDP in any one of the BRIC countries. And there is decreasing relationship between the carbon dioxide emissions per unit GDP and per capita GDP.

Electricity production and its effects on carbon dioxide emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: إنتاج الكهرباء وآثاره في انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في المملكة العربية السعودية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-108
Author(s):  
Zakiah Radhi Alhajji, Mohamed Elsayed Hafez Ali Zakiah Radhi Alhajji, Mohamed Elsayed Hafez Ali
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Because of increased demand for electrical energy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which has resulted in an increase in carbon dioxide emissions, the electricity system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest in the Gulf region and the Arab world, with approximately 61.7 gigatons (GW) of peak demand and 89.2 gigatons (GW) of available capacity in 2018 of electricity power. It has grown rapidly over more than 20 years and has almost doubled in size since 2000. Where we observe that the total carbon dioxide emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2020; where shows rapid growth in emissions of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases, as it was found that CO2 emissions in 1990 amounted to 151 million metric tons compared to 2011 when it reached about 435 million metric tons, and the increase continued until 2020 when it reached about 530 million metric tons. The comprehensive study relied on time series analysis to carefully analyze the electric energy productivity rate from fossil fuels and the significant amount of carbon dioxide emissions typically resulting from promptly burning fossil fuels to naturally produce electric energy. Therefore, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, through Vision 2030 and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, looks to reduce the rate of carbon dioxide emissions in the field of electric power generation by diversifying the fuels used or replacing them with clean and renewable energy such as solar and wind energy.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF THE COST OF ELECTRICITY ON THE VOLUME OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Kononov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Low Carbon Development ◽  
The Cost

The strategy of low-carbon development of the economy and energy of Russia provides for the introduction of a fee (tax) for carbon dioxide emissions by power plants. This will seriously affect their prospective structure and lead to an increase in electricity prices. The expected neg-ative consequences for national and energy security are great. But serious and multilateral research is needed to properly assess these strategic threats

Assessment of the risks of using hydrogen instead of carbon-containing fuels in the ferrous metallurgy

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
E. A. Alabushev ◽  
I. S. Bersenev ◽  
V. V. Bragin ◽  
A. A. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

The Paris Agreement, adopted in December of 2015 at the 21st session of the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties and effected from November of 2016, coordinates the efforts of states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide. One of its largest emitters to the atmosphere is the metallurgical industry. Among the proposed ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is the widespread use of hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy. An overview of the problems that the ferrous metallurgy will face when replacing carbon-containing fuels with hydrogen is presented. It was noted that the use of hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy contains such technological risks as high cost in comparison with currently used fuels and reducing agents; explosion hazard and corrosion activity, the need for a radical reconstruction of thermal units when using hydrogen instead of traditional for the ferrous metallurgy natural, coke and blast furnace gases, as well as solid fuels. It is shown that minimizing these risks is not always possible or economically feasible, and the result of using hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy instead of carbon-containing fuel from the point of view of reducing greenhouse gas emissions may be low with a significant increase of economic and social risks.

Farming Facts

Eating Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kemmerer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Dietary Choice ◽  
Ocean Environment ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Cheap meat, dairy, and eggs are an illusion—we pay for each with depleted forests, polluted freshwater, soil degradation, and climate change. Diet is the most critical decision we make with regard to our environmental footprint—and what we eat is a choice that most of us make every day, several times a day. Dietary choice contributes powerfully to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and water pollution. Animal agriculture is responsible for an unnerving quantity of greenhouse gas emissions. Eating animal products—yogurt, ice cream, bacon, chicken salad, beef stroganoff, or cheese omelets—greatly increases an individual’s contribution to carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions. Collectively, dietary choice contributes to a classic “tragedy of the commons.” Much of the atmosphere’s carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed by the earth’s oceans and plants, but a large proportion lingers in the atmosphere—unable to be absorbed by plants or oceans (“Effects”). Plants are not harmed by this process, but the current overabundance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes acidification of the earth’s oceans. As a result of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, the “acidity of the world’s ocean may increase by around 170% by the end of the century,” altering ocean ecosystems, and likely creating an ocean environment that is inhospitable for many life forms (“Expert Assessment”). Burning petroleum also leads to wars that devastate human communities and annihilate landscapes and wildlife—including endangered species and their vital habitats. Additionally, our consumption of petroleum is linked with oil spills that ravage landscapes, shorelines, and ocean habitat. Oil pipelines run through remote, fragile areas—every oil tanker represents not just the possibility but the probability of an oil spill. As reserves diminish, our quest for fossil fuels is increasingly environmentally devastating: Canada’s vast reserves of tar sands oil—though extracted, transported, and burned only with enormous costs to the environment—are next in line for extraction. Consuming animal products creates ten times more fossil fuel emission per calorie than does consuming plant foods directly (Oppenlander 18). (This is the most remarkable given that plant foods are not generally as calorically dense as animal foods.) Ranching is the greatest GHGE offender.

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