Critical analysis of the Life Cycle Assessment of the Italian cement industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 198-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Moretti ◽  
S. Caro
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cement Industry

scholarly journals A critical analysis of the carbon neutrality assumption in life cycle assessment of forest bioenergy systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Zhen Yu ◽  
Xinfeng Xie ◽  
Klaus von Gadow ◽  
Changhui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Forest Residue ◽  
Assess Climate Change ◽  
Accounting Errors

This study presents a critical analysis regarding the assumption of carbon neutrality in life cycle assessment (LCA) models that assess climate change impacts of bioenergy usage. We identified a complex of problems in the carbon neutrality assumption, especially regarding bioenergy derived from forest residues. In this study, we summarized several issues related to carbon neutral assumptions, with particular emphasis on possible carbon accounting errors at the product level. We analyzed errors in estimating emissions in the supply chain, direct and indirect emissions due to forest residue extraction, biogenic CO2 emission from biomass combustion for energy, and other effects related to forest residue extraction. Various modeling approaches are discussed in detail. We concluded that there is a need to correct accounting errors when estimating climate change impacts and proposed possible remedies. To accurately assess climate change impacts of bioenergy use, greater efforts are required to improve forest carbon cycle modeling, especially to identify and correct pitfalls associated with LCA accounting, forest residue extraction effects on forest fire risk and biodiversity. Uncertainties in accounting carbon emissions in LCA are also highlighted, and associated risks are discussed.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact Analysis in the Cement Industry with Life Cycle Assessment Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Rika Chairani ◽  
Aulia Risky Adinda ◽  
Dennis Fillipi ◽  
Muhamad Jatmoko ◽  
I Wayan Koko Suryawan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Environmental Loads ◽  
The Third ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
The Impact

The cement industry is one type of industry that has implications for the emergence of environmental pollution problems and a decrease in environmental quality due to dust pollution. The cement industry can also increase air temperature and noise in operational activities by using machines. In addition, the impact of the cement industry is the decline in the quality of soil fertility due to clay mining. Thus, an analytical study is needed that can be used as one of the policy bases in the operational process of the cement industry. This study aims to conduct an analysis of environmental loads at each stage in the product life cycle, make decisions to identify environmental loads, and evaluate the environmental impact of a product that plays an important role in sustainable development. This method is known as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In this study, the boundary system used is cradle to gate with a three-scenario approach. The first uses 100% coal fuel, the second uses 90% coal fuel, and the third uses 10% rice husk biomass. Then the analysis was carried out using the OpenLCA software. The results of the analysis showed that the most significant emission load was carbon dioxide of 1229.31 kg CO2eq. The third scenario produces the lowest carbon dioxide emission load compared to other methods of 849.1 kg.

scholarly journals Consequential life cycle assessment of Brazilian cement industry technology projections for 2050

2019 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
V Gomes ◽  
M P Cunha ◽  
M R M Saade ◽  
G D Guimarães ◽  
L Zucarato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Consequential Life Cycle Assessment

scholarly journals Prospective Life Cycle Assessment at Early Stage of Product Development: Application to Nickel Slag Valorization Into Cement for the Construction Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Quéheille ◽  
Michel Dauvergne ◽  
Anne Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Development ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Mineralization Process ◽  
Electricity Grid

Pyrometallurgical nickel industry in New Caledonia produces several tons of slag per year, which is stocked on site. There is no valorization today, except for a small transformation into sand. Pyrometallurgy highly consumes fossil-fuel energy and electricity for ore pre-treatment and nickel extraction inside electrical furnaces, which produces significant CO2 emissions. A new valorization approach is suggested to use these two local productions (slag and CO2) to mineralize slag and produce silico-magnesian cement for the construction sector. In order to ensure suitable environmental performances, many questions arise about the target valorized product: where and how to capture CO2 and produce cement, what constraints should be targeted for the mineralization process, can products be exported and where? Moreover, New Caledonia aims to develop renewable energies for electricity grid, which would mitigate local industries impacts in the future. A prospective Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to define constraints on future product development. Two hundred scenarios are defined and compared as well as electricity grid evolution, using Brightway software. Thirteen scenarios can compete with traditional Portland cement for 12 of the 16 impacts of the ILCD midpoint method. The evolution of electricity grid slightly affects the performance of the scenarios by a mean of less than+/−25%, bringing a small difference on the number of acceptable scenarios. The main constraint requires improving the mineralization process by considerably reducing electricity consumption of the attrition-leaching operation. To be in line with scenarios concerning carbon neutrality of the cement industry by 2050, a sensitivity analysis provides the maximum energy consumption target for the mineralization process that is 0.9100 kWh/kg of carbonated slag, representing a 70% reduction of the current energy measured at lab scale. Valorization of nickel slag and CO2 should turn to carbon capture and utilization technology, which allows for the production of supplementary cementitious materials, another product for the construction sector. It will be the topic of a next prospective study.

Life cycle assessment of automotive fuels: critical analysis and recommendations on the emissions inventory in the tank to wheels stage

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Querini ◽  
Jean-Christophe Béziat ◽  
Stéphane Morel ◽  
Valérie Boch ◽  
Patrick Rousseaux
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Automotive Fuels

Potentials for Denox in Chinese Cement Industry with the Life Cycle Assessment Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 470-475
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Xian Ce Meng ◽  
Zhen Guo Peng ◽  
Xian Zheng Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
The Impact

To explore NOx mitigation strategies in Chinese cement industry systematically, a material flow analysis was developed. The realistic output of cement production in China were identified and quantified. The inventory data of Chinese cement production were selected without denitration technology applications at that time. Then the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results were calculated with the principal of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 of Life Cycle Assessment. The impact categories of global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), photochemical oxidant formation potential (POCP), and human toxicity potential (HTP) were used to calculate environmental impact. The results showed that the NOx emission was the major environmental damages and the following was CO2 emission. This argument disagreed with the view that CO2 emission was the major contributor of environmental load. The reason is that the NOx emission is far over the international level due to few denitration technology applications. In the assumption of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology applications, there is still large emission mitigation potential according to the target scenario analysis. The application of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology with higher deNOx efficiency and the roadmap of deNOx of Chinese cement industry were also discussed. The SNCR technology with the auxiliary of SCR development over the coming decades will be decisive for the roadmaps of Chinese cement industry to reach deeper NOx emission cuts.

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