Morphometric and refitting analyses of flaked stone artifacts from Tabaqat al-Bûma and al-Basatîn, northern Jordan: Sickle elements and core-reduction technology in the Late Neolithic (6th millennium BCE) in the southern Levant

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
Seiji Kadowaki ◽  
Edward B. Banning
Keyword(s):  
Southern Levant ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Stone Artifacts ◽  
Core Reduction ◽  
Northern Jordan

Basalt bifacial tool production in the southern Levant: a glance at the quarry and workshop site of Giv'at Kipod, Israel

Antiquity ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (316) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Rosenberg ◽  
Ron Shimelmitz ◽  
Assaf Nativ
Keyword(s):  
Its Sequence ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Late Neolithic

The authors describe the discovery of a Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic basalt axe factory in the Manasseh Hills in Israel and suggest it had a primary role in the region for the production of these functional and symbolic tools. The form of discarded roughouts and flakes is used to deduce the principal eventual product and its sequence of manufacture.

Jawafat Shaban and the Late Neolithic in Wâdî al-Bîr, Northern Jordan

Paléorient ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74
Author(s):  
Edward B. Banning ◽  
Khaled Abu Jayyab ◽  
P. Hitchings ◽  
I. Ullah ◽  
S. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Northern Jordan

Culture, ecology, and pigs from the 5th to the 3rd millennium BC around the Fertile Crescent

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Grigson
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Cultural Attitude ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
Late Chalcolithic

By the 5th millennium BC people in the Middle East were dependent for their meat on four domestic ungulates: sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs, all considerably smaller than their wild ancestors (Bökönyi 1977; Uerpmann 1979; Flannery, K.V. 1983; Laffer 1983; Meadow 1983; Stampfli 1983; Grigson 1989; Ducos 1993; Horwitz & Tchernov 1998; Vigne & Buitenhuis 1999; Peters et al. 2000; Ervynck et al. 2001; and many others). It is uncertain whether equids had been domesticated at this date, but their remains are so few in most sites of the 5th, 4th, and 3rd millennia that they can be discounted in any discussion relating to the domestic economy. On the small number of sites where their remains are plentiful they are thought to be derived from wild onagers or wild asses (Uerpmann 1986). In these three millennia the numerical proportion of pig remains compared with those of other domestic artiodactyls varies from site to site. In view of the later pig prohibitions of Islam and Judaism it is of particular interest to know, for the prehistory of the area, when and where pigs were present or absent, and if absent whether this can already be accounted for by any developing social or cultural attitude, in the millennia before the establishment of these religions, or whether it must be explained by simpler economic or environmental factors. All dates in the present work are based on uncalibrated radiocarbon years BC, simply because even when radiocarbon dates for the sites are available (which is by no means always the case), many have not been published in calibrated form. The period studied in the present work starts with the later pottery cultures of the 5th millennium BC which are usually designated as Early Chalcolithic (Late Halaf, Amuq E, and Ubaid 2 and 3) although in the southern Levant most authorities refer to the contemporary Wadi Rabah culture as the Late Neolithic. The 4th millennium is the period of the Chalcolithic (or Late Chalcolithic), typically the Ghassoul-Beersheva culture of the southern Levant and the Uruk and Late Ubaid periods in Mesopotamia, northern Syria, and south-eastern Turkey.

Archaeological Materials from the Chukchi Peninsula

1963 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Dikov
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Chukchi Peninsula ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Stone Artifacts ◽  
Lake Baikal Region ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Formed Part

AbstractEvidence indicates that the interior culture of Chukotka was using bronze implements at the end of the second and beginning of the first millennium B.C. and the population had become somewhat sedentary. The similarity between late Neolithic and early Bronze Age of Chukotka and the pre-Eskimo Arctic cultures of America is apparent; it also is probable that during this period Chukotka formed part of the area of development of the Yukagir and the Chukchi. The first significant archaeological collection from Chukotka, made by N. P. Sokol'nikov in 1904-07, can be divided into two main cultural groupings on the basis of stone-working techniques; the older group, probably from near Ust'-Belaia, is typical of the continental Neolithic of northeast Asia, and the other group appears to be of the “splitting adz culture,” 7th-8th centuries A.D., and probably was found upstream from Markovo. Burials from the Ust'-Belaia cemetery had associated stone artifacts and pottery similar to ones from Yukutia and the Lake Baikal region of the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age; further corroboration of this dating includes associated bronze artifacts and a radiocarbon date of 2860 ± 95 B.P. from another mound in the same cemetery site.

Intra- and Inter-Site Variability within the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic: Evidence from Jebel Humeima (J412), South-west Jordan

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 29-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher W. Kerry
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Lithic Assemblage ◽  
South West ◽  
Core Reduction ◽  
Tool Types ◽  
Site Variability

Expanded excavations at the rockshelter of Jebel Humeima (J412) in south-west Jordan provide the basis for re-evaluation of its Upper Palaeolithic lithic assemblage. Initially identified as Levantine Aurignacian, the sample is more closely aligned with the Early Ahmarian. The framework currently used for the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic, combined with spatial clustering of specific blank and tool types, is directly responsible for initial misidentification. This spatial clustering is thought to represent two distinct activity loci: early-stage core reduction and later-stage blade and tool production. This kind of technological and typological variability may also help account for some of the ambiguity within the current Upper Palaeolithic framework of the southern Levant.

scholarly journals NEW BAYESIAN RADIOCARBON MODELS AND CERAMIC CHRONOLOGIES FOR EARLY BRONZE IV TELL ABU EN-NI‘AJ AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE TELL EL-HAYYAT, JORDAN

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Patricia L Fall ◽  
Steven E Falconer ◽  
Felix Höflmayer
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Ams Dates ◽  
Northern Jordan

ABSTRACT We present two new Bayesian 14C models using IntCal20 that incorporate 17 new calibrated AMS ages for Early Bronze IV Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and Middle Bronze Age Tell el-Hayyat, located in the northern Jordan Valley, Jordan. These freshly augmented suites of carbonized seed dates now include 25 AMS dates from Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and 31 AMS dates from Tell el-Hayyat. The modeled founding date for Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj strengthens an emerging high chronology for Early Bronze IV starting by 2500 cal BC, while the end of its habitation by 2200 cal BC may exemplify a regional pattern of increasingly pervasive abandonment among late Early Bronze IV settlements in the Southern Levant. In turn, our modeled date for the Early Bronze IV/Middle Bronze Age transition at Tell el-Hayyat around 1900 cal BC pushes this interface about a century later than surmised traditionally, and its abandonment in Middle Bronze III marks an unexpectedly early end date before 1600 cal BC. These inferences, which coordinate Bayesian AMS models and typological ceramic sequences for Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and Tell el-Hayyat, contribute to an ongoing revision of Early and Middle Bronze Age Levantine chronologies and uncoupling of their attendant interpretive links between the Southern Levant and Egypt.

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