The analysis of Italian Sigillata potters' stamps using Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) and X-ray imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 420-429
Author(s):  
Jaye McKenzie-Clark ◽  
John Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Imaging

scholarly journals A New Outlook on the Ability to Accumulate an Iodine Contrast Agent in Solid Lung Tumors Based on Virtual Monochromatic Images in Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT): Analysis in Two Phases of Contrast Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1870
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Zegadło ◽  
Magdalena Żabicka ◽  
Aleksandra Różyk ◽  
Ewa Więsik-Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Absorption

For some time, dual energy computed tomography (DECT) has been an established method used in a vast array of clinical applications, including lung nodule assessment. The aim of this study was to analyze (using monochromatic DECT images) how the X-ray absorption of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) depends on the iodine contrast agent and when X-ray absorption is no longer dependent on the accumulated contrast agent. Sixty-six patients with diagnosed solid lung tumors underwent DECT scans in the late arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) between January 2017 and June 2018. Statistically significant correlations (p ≤ 0.001) of the iodine contrast concentration were found in the energy range of 40–90 keV in the AP phase and in the range of 40–80 keV in the VP phase. The strongest correlation was found between the concentrations of the contrast agent and the scanning energy of 40 keV. At the higher scanning energy, no significant correlations were found. We concluded that it is most useful to evaluate lung lesions in DECT virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) in the energy range of 40–80 keV. We recommend assessing SPNs in only one phase of contrast enhancement to reduce the absorbed radiation dose.

Experimental feasibility of dual-energy computed tomography based on the Thomson scattering X-ray source

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1797-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Chi ◽  
Yingchao Du ◽  
Lixin Yan ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Hongze Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Thomson Scattering ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

Unlike large-scale and expensive synchrotron radiation facilities, the Thomson scattering X-ray source can provide quasi-monochromatic, energy-tunable and high-brightness X-ray pulses with a small footprint and moderate cost, making it an excellent candidate for dual-energy and multi-energy imaging at laboratories and hospitals. Here, the first feasibility study on dual-energy computed tomography (CT) based on this type of light source is reported, and the effective atomic number and electron-density distribution of a standard phantom consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, water and aluminium is derived. The experiment was carried out at the Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source with peak energies of 29 keV and 68 keV. Both the reconstructed effective atomic numbers and the retrieved electron densities of the three materials were compared with their theoretical values. It was found that these values were in agreement by 0.68% and 2.60% on average for effective atomic number and electron density, respectively. These results have verified the feasibility of dual-energy CT based on the Thomson scattering X-ray source and will further expand the scope of X-ray imaging using this type of light source.

scholarly journals Dual-energy computed tomography in acute ischemic stroke: state-of-the-art

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Mangesius ◽  
Tanja Janjic ◽  
Ruth Steiger ◽  
Lukas Haider ◽  
Rafael Rehwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows distinguishing between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but different atomic numbers. Recent studies demonstrated that this technique has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. After endovascular stroke therapy (EST), hyperdense areas can represent either hemorrhage or contrast staining due to blood-brain barrier disruption, which can be differentiated reliably by DECT. Further applications are improved visualization of early infarctions, compared to single-energy computed tomography, and prediction of transformation into infarction or hemorrhage in contrast-enhancing areas. In addition, DECT allows detection and evaluation of the material composition of intra-arterial clots after EST. This review summarizes the clinical state-of-the-art of DECT in patients with stroke, and features some prospects for future developments. Key points • Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows differentiation between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but differentatomic numbers. • DECT has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. • Prospects for future developments in DECT may improve treatment decision-making.

Projection Decomposition Algorithm for X-Ray Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Based on Isotransmission Line Fitting

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 0834001 ◽  
Author(s):  
李磊 Li Lei ◽  
王林元 Wang Linyuan ◽  
蔡爱龙 Cai Ailong ◽  
韩玉 Han Yu ◽  
闫镔 Yan Bin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Decomposition Algorithm ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Line Fitting

Optimized Iterative Method for Projection Decomposition of X-Ray Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1034001
Author(s):  
李保磊 Li Baolei ◽  
张萍宇 Zhang Pingyu ◽  
李 斌 Li Bin ◽  
莫 阳 Mo Yang ◽  
孟 博 Meng Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Iterative Method ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Principles and Clinical Application of Dual-energy Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Cerebrovascular Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Chia-Tsong Hsu ◽  
Gigi Nga Chi Kwan ◽  
Dalveer Singh ◽  
Jit Pratap ◽  
Trevor William Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Iodinated Contrast

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) simultaneously acquires images at two X-ray energy levels, at both high- and low-peak voltages (kVp). The material attenuation difference obtained from the two X-ray energies can be processed by software to analyze material decomposition and to create additional image datasets, namely, virtual noncontrast, virtual contrast also known as iodine overlay, and bone/calcium subtraction images. DECT has a vast array of clinical applications in imaging cerebrovascular diseases, which includes: (1) Identification of active extravasation of iodinated contrast in various types of intracranial hemorrhage; (2) differentiation between hemorrhagic transformation and iodine staining in acute ischemic stroke following diagnostic and/or therapeutic catheter angiography; (3) identification of culprit lesions in intra-axial hemorrhage; (4) calcium subtraction from atheromatous plaque for the assessment of plaque morphology and improved quantification of luminal stenosis; (5) bone subtraction to improve the depiction of vascular anatomy with more clarity, especially at the skull base; (6) metal artifact reduction utilizing virtual monoenergetic reconstructions for improved luminal assessment postaneurysm coiling or clipping. We discuss the physical principles of DECT and review the clinical applications of DECT for the evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases.

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