scholarly journals Diet Quality as Assessed by the Healthy Eating Index, Alternate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Score, and Health Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-100.e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Schwingshackl ◽  
Berit Bogensberger ◽  
Georg Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Eating Index

scholarly journals The association between perceived stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Khaled ◽  
Vanora Hundley ◽  
Fotini Tsofliou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age

AbstractPoor diet quality is a major cause of maternal obesity and associated with adverse metabolic effects for mother and offspring. Psychological stress can increase intake of unhealthy dietary choices (e.g. highly palatable, energy dense diet), but no study has investigated the association between stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age.This systematic review of the association between psychological stress and diet quality used the PEO (Population, Exposure, and Outcome) model.Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Sciencedirect were searched (October 2018 - January 2019). From 139,552 hits, 471 papers were screened, but only 8 studies met our inclusion criteria: English language, stress (exposure) measured in combination with diet quality (outcome), healthy women (18–49 years of age (population). Data extraction was determined by the PEO. Quality assessment used CASP tool for Cohort studies.The review included eight studies from USA (n = 6), Egypt (n = 1), and Iran (n = 1). The six cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies were published between 2011 and 2017 and had a total of 3,982 participants. Studies were heterogeneous in methods: three used food frequency questionnaires to assess dietary intake while the others used 24-hour dietary recalls. Diet quality was measured using different indices: Alternate Healthy Eating Index (n = 2), Healthy Eating Index (n = 2), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet Index (n = 2), Dietary Quality Index- Pregnancy (n = 2), and Dietary Guideline Adherence Index (n = 1). Only one study used three diet quality indices. No study explored dietary patterns using factor analysis and other statistical techniques. Most studies used the perceived stress scale to measure stress; however, there were differences regarding the use of this scale to form a continuous or categorical variable (with varying cut-off scores) perceived stress, whereas no study reported biological response to stress. Outcomes also varied in direction of association; no association (n = 4), negative association (n = 3), mixed results (n = 1).This review is the first to systematically examine association between stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age; there was heterogeneity in measures of diet quality and study designs. Future studies that explore diet quality/patterns should include both diet indices and factor analysis and additionally measure biological markers of both dietary intake and stress.

scholarly journals Recent intimate partner violence against women and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e019995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loraine J Bacchus ◽  
Meghna Ranganathan ◽  
Charlotte Watts ◽  
Karen Devries
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship

ObjectiveWe reviewed cohort studies to determine the magnitude and temporal direction of the association between recent intimate partner violence (IPV) and a range of adverse health outcomes or health risk behaviours.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMedline, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched from the first record to November 2016. Recent IPV was defined as occurring up to and including the last 12 months; all health outcomes were eligible for inclusion. Results were combined using random-effects meta-analysis.Results35 separate cohort studies were retrieved. Eight studies showed evidence of a positive association between recent IPV and subsequent depressive symptoms, with a pooled OR from five estimates of 1.76 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.44, I2=37.5%, p=0.172). Five studies demonstrated a positive, statistically significant relationship between depressive symptoms and subsequent IPV; the pooled OR from two studies was 1.72 (95% CI 1.28 to 2.31, I2=0.0%, p=0.752). Recent IPV was also associated with increased symptoms of subsequent postpartum depression in five studies (OR=2.19, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.45, p=0.000), although there was substantial heterogeneity. There was some evidence of a bidirectional relationship between recent IPV and hard drug use and marijuana use, although studies were limited. There was no evidence of an association between recent IPV and alcohol use or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), although there were few studies and inconsistent measurement of alcohol and STIs.ConclusionsExposure to violence has significant impacts. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the temporal relationship between recent IPV and different health issues, while considering the differential effects of recent versus past exposure to IPV. Improved measurement will enable an understanding of the immediate and longer term health needs of women exposed to IPV. Healthcare providers and IPV organisations should be aware of the bidirectional relationship between recent IPV and depressive symptoms.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016033372.

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