Peak Expiratory Flow and the Risk of Injurious Falls in Older Adults: The Role of Physical and Cognitive Deficits

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1288-1294.e4
Author(s):  
Caterina Trevisan ◽  
Debora Rizzuto ◽  
Stina Ek ◽  
Stefania Maggi ◽  
Giuseppe Sergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Expiratory Flow

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Injurious Falls in Older Adults: The Role of Sex and Length of Follow-Up

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Ek ◽  
Debora Rizzuto ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga ◽  
Kristina Johnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Falls In Older Adults

Falls in older adults with cancer: an updated systematic review of prevalence, injurious falls, and impact on cancer treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
S. Sattar ◽  
K. Haase ◽  
S. Kuster ◽  
M. Puts ◽  
S. Spoelstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Falls In Older Adults

Satisfaction with aging results in reduced risk for falling

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Ayalon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Retirement Study

ABSTRACTBackground:Falls are highly frequent in older adults and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to assess the role of satisfaction with one's aging process as a predictor of the risk for falling over a four-year period and to identify potential mediators of this relationship.Methods:The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a US nationally representative sample of individuals over the age of 50 years and their spouse of any age. The present study was based on the 2008–2012 waves of the HRS. Analyses were restricted to 4,121 respondents over the age of 50 years, who had fall data in 2008 and 2012 and were eligible to complete the satisfaction with aging measure as part of the 2008 psychosocial questionnaire.Results:Overall, 38.1% of the sample reported having fallen at least once between 2006 and 2008 and 40.7% reported having fallen at least once between 2010 and 2012. Higher levels of satisfaction with aging in 2008 were found to be protective against falls assessed in 2012 (OR[95%CI] = 0.88[0.79–0.98]) even after adjustment for age, gender, education, ethnicity, medical status, functional status, cognitive functioning, walking speed, balance, vision, depressive symptoms, physical activities, and past falls. Bootstrap procedures have shown that the effect of satisfaction with aging on falls is partially accounted for through its effect on functional decline.Conclusions:The findings point to the important role of satisfaction with aging as a potential protective mechanism against falls. The results call for the development of psychosocial interventions to reduce falls in older adults.

scholarly journals Relationship between respiratory muscle strength and grip strength in institutionalized and community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane de Faria Marcon ◽  
Ruth Caldeira de Melo ◽  
Francisco Luciano Pontes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and grip strength in institutionalized and community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study had 64 voluntary participants, and 33 were institutionalized and 31 lived in the community. Maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, peak expiratory flow, grip strength, anthropometric data, and physical activity level were assessed. RESULTS: In the institutionalized group, there was no correlation between respiratory variables and grip strength, but maximal expiratory pressure was the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with grip strength (p = 0.04). In the community-dwelling group, there was a correlation between maximal inspiratory pressure and grip strength (r = 0.54), maximal expiratory pressure and grip strength (r = 0.62), and peak expiratory flow and grip strength (r = 0.64); peak expiratory flow and maximal expiratory pressure were the respiratory predictors most strongly associated with grip strength (p < 0.05). In a joint group analysis, there was an association between maximal inspiratory pressure and grip strength (r = 0.40), maximal expiratory pressure and grip strength (r = 0.57), and peak expiratory flow and grip strength (r = 0.57); peak expiratory flow and maximal expiratory pressure were the respiratory predictors most strongly associated with grip strength (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Peak expiratory flow and maximal expiratory pressure seem to be good predictors of grip strength in community-dwelling older adults, but this relationship does not seem to be maintained in institutionalized patients, possibly because of a greater loss of respiratory function.

scholarly journals The association between injurious falls and older adults’ cognitive function: the role of depressive mood and physical performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Trevisan ◽  
Enrico Ripamonti ◽  
Giulia Grande ◽  
Federico Triolo ◽  
Stina Ek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Injurious Falls

Abstract Background The impact of falls on cognitive function is unclear. We explored whether injurious falls are associated with cognitive decline in older adults, and evaluated the role of changes in psychological and physical health as mediators of such association. Methods This prospective study involved 2,267 community-dwelling participants in the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (≥60 years). Data on injurious falls (i.e., falls requiring medical attention) during each 3-year time interval of follow-up were obtained from national registers. Assessment of cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination[MMSE]), depressive mood (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale), and physical performance (walking speed) were carried out every 3 or 6 years over a 12-year follow-up. The association between falls and cognition was estimated through linear mixed effects models, and the mediating role of changes in depressive mood and physical performance was tested using mediation analysis. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals who experienced injurious falls had a greater annual decline in MMSE in the subsequent time interval (β=-1.49, 95%CI:-1.84;-1.13), than those who did not. The association increased with the occurrence of ≥2 falls (β=-2.13, 95%CI:-2.70;-1.56). Worsening of walking speed and depressive mood explained around 26% and 8%, respectively, of the association between falls and cognitive decline. Conclusions Injurious falls are associated with greater cognitive decline, and this association is partly mediated by worsening of physical performance and, in a lesser extent, of depressive mood. These findings suggest that physical deficits and low mood are potential therapeutic targets for mitigating the association between falls and cognitive decline.

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