scholarly journals Cognitive Frailty and Adverse Health Outcomes: Findings From the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies (SLAS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Feng ◽  
Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Keng Bee Yap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Cognitive frailty in relation to adverse health outcomes independent of multimorbidity in Chinese older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 908-909
Author(s):  
Zuyun Liu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Juyoung Park ◽  
Chenkai Wu ◽  
Qian-Li Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Abstract Cognitive frailty was proposed in 2013 by an (I.A.N.A./I.A.G.G.) international consensus group; however, little is known about its status and associations with adverse health outcomes in China. The objectives of this study were to evaluate: 1) the associations of cognitive frailty with various health outcomes including disability, hospitalization, and death; 2) whether the associations differed by multimorbidity in Chinese older adults. We included 5113 Chinese older adults (aged 60+ years) who had baseline (2011 wave) cognition and physical frailty assessments and follow-up for 4 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We found that about 16.0% had cognitive impairment; 6.7% had physical frailty; and 1.6% met criteria for cognitive frailty (having both cognitive impairment and physical frailty). Both cognitive impairment (odds ratios (ORs) range: 1.41 to 2.11) and physical frailty (ORs range: 1.51 to 2.43) were independently associated with basic activities of daily living (BADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), mobility disability, hospitalization, and death among participants without that corresponding outcome at baseline, even after accounting for covariates. Relative to participants who had normal cognition and were nonfrail, those with cognitive frailty had the highest risk for IADL disability (OR=3.40, 95% CI, 1.23–9.40) and death (OR=3.89, 95% CI, 2.25–6.47). We did not find significant interaction effects between cognitive frailty and multimorbidity (P for interactions>0.05). Overall, cognitive frailty was associated with disability and death, independent of multimorbidity. This highlights the importance of assessing cognitive frailty in the community to promote primary and secondary preventions for healthy aging.

scholarly journals The effects of assisted reproduction technologies on metabolic health and disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Florencia Heber ◽  
Grażyna Ewa Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background The increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases places a substantial burden on human health throughout the world. It is believed that predisposition to metabolic disease starts early in life, a period of great susceptibility to epigenetic reprogramming due to environmental insults. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), i.e., treatments for infertility, may affect embryo development, resulting in multiple adverse health outcomes in postnatal life. The most frequently observed alteration in ART pregnancies is impaired placental nutrient transfer. Moreover, consequent intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight followed by catch-up growth can all predict future obesity, insulin resistance, and chronic metabolic diseases. Scope of the review In this review, we have focused on evidence of adverse metabolic alterations associated with ART, which can contribute to the development of chronic adult-onset diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Due to high phenotypic plasticity, ART pregnancies can produce both offspring with adverse health outcomes, as well as healthy individuals. We further discuss the sex-specific and age-dependent metabolic alterations reflected in ART offspring, and how the degree of interference of a given ART procedure (from mild to more severe manipulation of the egg) affects the occurrence and degree of offspring alterations. Major conclusions Over the last few years, studies have reported signs of cardiometabolic alterations in ART offspring that are detectable at a young age but that do not appear to constitute a high risk of disease and morbidity per se. These abnormal phenotypes could be early indicators of the development of chronic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, in adulthood. The early detection of metabolic alterations could contribute to preventing the onset of disease in adulthood. Such early interventions may counteract the risk factors and improve the long-term health of the individual.

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