High-frequency rTMS treatment increases white matter FA in the left middle frontal gyrus in young patients with treatment-resistant depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjun Peng ◽  
Huirong Zheng ◽  
Lingjiang Li ◽  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Middle Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Left Middle

scholarly journals Structural brain characteristics in treatment-resistant depression: review of magnetic resonance imaging studies

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Philomène C. Klok ◽  
Philip. F. van Eijndhoven ◽  
Miklos Argyelan ◽  
Aart H. Schene ◽  
Indira Tendolkar
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Structural Brain

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been related to structural brain characteristics that are correlated with the severity of disease. However, the correlation of these structural changes is less well clarified in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Aims To summarise the existing literature on structural brain characteristics in TRD to create an overview of known abnormalities of the brain in patients with MDD, to form hypotheses about the absence or existence of a common pathophysiology of MDD and TRD. Method A systematic search of PubMed and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 1998 and August of 2016 investigating structural brain changes in patients with TRD compared with healthy controls or patients with MDD. Results Fourteen articles are included in this review. Lower grey matter volume (GMV) in the anterior cingulate cortex, right cerebellum, caudate nucleus, superior/medial frontal gyrus and hippocampus does not seem to differentiate TRD from milder forms of MDD. However, lower GMV in the putamen, inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, angular- and post-central gyri together with specific mainly parietal white matter tract changes seem to be more specific structural characteristics of TRD. Conclusions The currently available data on structural brain changes in patients with TRD compared with milder forms of MDD and healthy controls cannot sufficiently distinguish between a ‘shared continuum hypothesis’ and a ‘different entity hypothesis’. Our review clearly suggests that although there is some overlap in affected brain regions between milder forms of MDD and TRD, TRD also comes with specific alterations in mainly the putamen and parietal white matter tracts. Declaration of interest None.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document