Inpatient treatment of major depression in Austria between 1989 and 2009: Impact of downsizing of psychiatric hospitals on admissions, suicide rates and outpatient psychiatric services

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Vyssoki ◽  
M. Willeit ◽  
V. Blüml ◽  
P. Höfer ◽  
A. Erfurth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Suicide Rates

scholarly journals Predicting symptoms in major depression after inpatient treatment: the role of alexithymia

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Günther ◽  
Michael Rufer ◽  
Anette Kersting ◽  
Thomas Suslow
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Inpatient Treatment

A record-linkage study of mortality and general hospital discharge in patients diagnosed as schizophrenic

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Herrman ◽  
J. A. Baldwin ◽  
David Christie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Surgical Operations

SynopsisSix hundred people diagnosed as schizophrenic by the specialist psychiatric services in Oxfordshire, between 1971 and 1973, were identified from the Oxford Psychiatric Case Register (OPCR). The person records of deaths and hospital discharges held by the Oxford Record Linkage Study (ORLS) were used to examine the following items of information for members of this group: details of discharges from and surgical operations performed in Oxfordshire non-psychiatric hospitals in a 6-year period before and a 4-year period after the date of first inclusion in the OPCR, and details of deaths in a 4-year period after the date of first inclusion in the OPCR.The numbers of deaths, discharges and operations so observed in the study group were compared in age, sex and major diagnostic groups with the expected numbers derived from rates prevailing in the Oxfordshire population over the same periods. Observed deaths were twice as numerous as expected in both sexes, and the numbers of general hospital discharges were also higher than expected. Ischaemic heart disease was the commonest cause of death in both sexes, but did not account for the excessive numbers of hospital discharges. Trauma and poisoning accounted for the excess both of deaths in younger members of the study group and of general hospital discharges overall. Social and environmental difficulties associated with the diagnosis schizophrenia are likely to have contributed more than any inherent biological disadvantage to this excess.

Deprivation of Liberty in Psychiatric Treatment: a Finnish perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritta Välimäki ◽  
Johanna Taipale ◽  
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Research Findings

This article is concerned with the deprivation of patients’ liberty while undergoing psychiatric treatment, with special reference to the situation in Finland. It is based on a review of Finnish law, health care statistics, and empirical and theoretical studies. Relevant research findings from other countries are also discussed. In Finland, it is required that patients are cared for by mutual understanding with themselves; coercive measures may be applied only if they are necessary for the treatment of the illness, or for safeguarding patients’ safety or the safety of others. Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is closely regulated by the Mental Health Act. However, the rules concerning the deprivation of liberty during inpatient treatment (by seclusion, restraint and restricted leave) are formulated in very general terms. Therefore, Finnish psychiatric hospitals have their own policies concerning when and how seclusion may be used. The practice of seclusion and the use of restraint therefore vary among the psychiatric hospitals in Finland.

scholarly journals The TAPS Project

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Leff ◽  
Noam Trieman ◽  
Martin Knapp ◽  
Angela Hallam
Keyword(s):  
Health Authority ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Regional Health Authority ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
North East ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Close Integration ◽  
North London

The Team for the Assessment of Psychiatric Services (TAPS) was established in May 1985 with the explicit purpose of evaluating the national policy of replacing psychiatric hospitals with district based services. TAPS' remit was to mount the evaluation with respect to the closure of Friern and Claybury Hospitals in north London. Funding was provided by the Department of Health and North-East Thames Regional Health Authority (latterly North Thames Regional Health Authority) with supplements from the King's Fund and the Sainsbury Family Trusts. During 13 years of research TAPS has employed more than 50 members of staff and associated researchers. A full listing is given in Leff (1997). This summary of the research is organised by topics. However, there was very close integration of the various projects.

Nachsorge unter erschwerten Vorzeichen – Erfahrungen forensischer Nachsorgeambulanzen mit Sexualstraftätern, die nach der Novelle der Verhältnismäßigkeitsregelung entlassen wurden

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Grotepaß ◽  
Nora Hein ◽  
Silvia Gubi-Kelm ◽  
Jan Querengässer
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Treatment Practice ◽  
Forensic Aftercare ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Number Of Discharges ◽  
Alternative Solutions

A major amendment of the German Criminal Code concerning treatment in forensic psychiatric hospitals (Secs. 63, 67 StGB) became effective in August 2016 and has led to an increasing number of discharges of sex offenders. In addition to inpatient treatment practice, this also poses great challenges for forensic aftercare. After a brief overview of the amendment, this article examines how it affects the release practice and legal probation. Based on the analysis of the post-inpatient development of ten sex offenders from North Rhine-Westphalia who were released for disproportionate reasons, the far-reaching consequences of the amendment forensic aftercare have to deal with are illustrated. Finally, attention is drawn to the great need for action and alternative solutions to reduce the length of stay and strengthens the patients fundamental right to freedom are proposed.

scholarly journals Preventing crime by people with schizophrenic disorders: the role of psychiatric services

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hodgins ◽  
R. Müller-Isberner
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Forensic Patients ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
General Psychiatry ◽  
First Admission ◽  
Violent Offences

BackgroundKnowledge of when and how to implement treatments to prevent criminal offending among people with schizophrenia is urgently needed.AimsTo identify opportunities for interventions to prevent offending among men with schizophrenic disorders by tracking their histories of offending and admissions to hospital.MethodWe examined 232 men with schizophrenic disorders discharged from forensic and general psychiatric hospitals. Data were collected from participants, family members and official records.ResultsMore than three-quarters (77.8%) of the forensic patients had previously been admitted to general psychiatric services; 24.3% of the general psychiatric patients had a criminal record. Offences had been committed by 39.8% of the forensic patients and 10.8% of the general psychiatric patients before their first admission to general psychiatry, and after their first admission these 59 patients committed 195 non-violent and 59 violent offences. Subsequently, 49 of them committed serious violent offences that led to forensic hospital admission. The offenders were distinguished by a pervasive and stable pattern of antisocial behaviour evident from at least mid-adolescence.ConclusionsGeneral psychiatry requires resources in order to prevent criminal offending among a subgroup of patients with schizophrenic disorders.

scholarly journals The relationship between elderly suicide rates and telephone use: a cross-national study

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1191-1192
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah ◽  
Sofia Zarate-Escudero ◽  
Manjunatha Somayaji
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
National Study ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Elderly Suicide ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Social isolation is an important determinant of elderly suicides (Shah and De, 1998). If elderly people have telephones then social isolation can be reduced as they can contact friends and relatives and vice versa. Also, the elderly can use the telephone to seek help from telephone helplines, general practitioners, social workers, psychiatric services and friends and relatives. Additionally, general practitioners, social workers, psychiatric services and friends and relatives can contact elderly people to check on them and support them. However, a major criticism of such interventions is that those determined to kill themselves are unlikely to use a helpline. There are several studies looking at the relationship between suicide and telephone help lines. These studies showed evidence that the helpline reduced suicidality during the course of the telephone consultation or immediately afterwards and reduced the number of re-attempted suicides (De Leo et al., 1995; Mishara and Daigle, 1997; Vaiva et al., 2006; Gould et al., 2007). A study of elderly participants reported an association between lower suicide rates and availability of a telephone help and telephone check service (De Leo et al., 1995). This service provided elderly people with home assistance by allowing them to call for help and to receive weekly assessments of needs and emotional support. However, there are only a limited number of studies in this area. Therefore, a cross-national study examining the relationship between elderly suicide rates and the prevalence of societal use of telephone was undertaken.

Do suicide characteristics differ by age in older people?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Sally Merry ◽  
Frederick Sundram
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Older People ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Suicide Rates

ABSTRACTBackground:Suicide rates increase with age in the population aged over 65 years. The aims of this study were to (i) report the characteristics of older people who died by suicide; and (ii) investigate whether these characteristics differ in three age bands: 65–74 years, 75–84 years, and 85+ years.Methods:Using information from national coroner records, relevant socio-demographic and clinical factors in all suicides (age ≥ 65 years;n= 225) from July 2007 to December 2012 in New Zealand were analyzed and compared in the three age bands.Results:We found the older the person, the more likely they are to be widowed but the less likely to have a past psychiatric admission or recent contact with psychiatric services in the month prior to suicide. However, most of the older people (61.7% of 65–74 years, 65.6% of 75–84 years, and 77.3% of 85+ years) had contact with their general practitioner within one month of suicide. Women were less likely to use violent methods than men in all three age bands but with increasing age, men were less likely to use violent methods.Conclusions:Suicide characteristics in older people differ by age. The oldest people who die by suicide are not necessarily under psychiatric services and may benefit from a primary care-based approach in which there is screening for depression and suicide risk.

Ethnic and Sex Differences in Suicide Rates Relative to Major Depression in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (10) ◽  
pp. 1652-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Oquendo ◽  
Steven P. Ellis ◽  
Steven Greenwald ◽  
Kevin M. Malone ◽  
Myrna M. Weissman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Suicide Rates
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