Nightmares, suicide attempts, and melancholic features in patients with unipolar major depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yucel Agargun ◽  
Lutfullah Besiroglu ◽  
Ali Savas Cilli ◽  
Mustafa Gulec ◽  
Adem Aydin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

A comparison of cognitive functioning in acute schizophrenia and depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 334-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Gooren ◽  
Peter Schlattmann ◽  
Peter Neu
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Acute Schizophrenia ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

ObjectiveEven though cognitive deficits are well recognised in schizophrenia and depression, direct comparisons between the disorders are scarce in literature. This study aims to assess specificity and degree of cognitive deficits in inpatients with acute schizophrenia and unipolar major depression.MethodsA neuropsychological test battery was administered to 76 schizophrenic patients, 102 patients with unipolar major depression and 85 healthy controls (HCs), assessing verbal learning [Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)], processing speed (Trail Making Test), verbal fluency and visual memory (Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised test).ResultsBoth patient groups were significantly impaired compared with HCs with regard to all test outcomes. The schizophrenia group (SG) performed significantly worse in the Wechsler Memory Scale and verbal fluency than the depression group (DG). The DG reached significantly lower scores than the SG in the RAVLT delayed recall subtest. No significant group difference between SG and DG was found for the Trail Making Test and the RAVLT direct recall trails.ConclusionOur results indicate that cognitive impairment is present in both disorders. Schizophrenic patients performed worse than patients with unipolar depression in only two of the administered tests. Differences in cognitive performance between the groups are not as general as often assumed. Therefore, during the acute phase of illness, a diagnostic classification on the grounds of the patients’ neurocognitive performance has to be done with caution.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological deficits in past suicide attempters with varying levels of depression severity

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 2965-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Keilp ◽  
S. R. Beers ◽  
A. K. Burke ◽  
N. M. Melhem ◽  
M. A. Oquendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attention Memory ◽  
Interference Processing

BackgroundOur previous work identified deficits in interference processing and learning/memory in past suicide attempters who were currently depressed and medication-free. In this study, we extend this work to an independent sample studied at various stages of illness and treatment (mild symptoms, on average) to determine if these deficits in past suicide attempters are evident during a less severe clinical state.MethodA total of 80 individuals with a past history of major depression and suicide attempt were compared with 81 individuals with a history of major depression and no lifetime suicide attempts on a battery of neurocognitive measures assessing attention, memory, abstract/contingent learning, working memory, language fluency and impulse control.ResultsPast attempters performed more poorly in attention, memory and working memory domains, but also in an estimate of pre-morbid intelligence. After correction for this estimate, tests that had previously distinguished past attempters – a computerized Stroop task and the Buschke Selective Reminding Test – remained significantly worse in attempters. In a secondary analysis, similar differences were found among those with the lowest levels of depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score <10), suggesting that these deficits may be trait markers independent of current symptomatology.ConclusionsDeficits in interference processing and learning/memory constitute an enduring defect in information processing that may contribute to poor adaptation, other higher-order cognitive impairments and risk for suicidal behavior.

Genotype-controlled analysis of plasma dopamine β-hydroxylase activity in psychotic unipolar major depression

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Cubells ◽  
Lawrence H. Price ◽  
Barnett S. Meyers ◽  
George M. Anderson ◽  
Cyrus P. Zabetian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

Epidemiology of mood disorders

2012 ◽  
pp. 645-650
Author(s):  
Peter R. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

The Global Burden of Disease, which is a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases and injuries in 1990 and projected to 2020, highlights the importance of mood disorders for the world. Using the measure of disability-adjusted life years, it was determined that unipolar major depression was the fourth leading cause of disease burden in the world. It was also projected that, in the year 2020, unipolar major depression would be the second leading cause of disease burden in the world. Disabilityadjusted life years is based on both mortality and disability. If one looks at disability alone, then unipolar major depression was the leading cause of disability in the world in 1990, and bipolar disorder was the sixth leading cause. Across the world, 10.7 per cent of disability can be attributed to unipolar major depression and, in developed countries, unipolar major depression contributes to nearly 20 per cent of disease burden in women aged from 15 to 44 years. This chapter addresses bipolar disorders and depressive disorders, covering diagnostic issues, prevalence, comorbidity, use of health services, and risk factors for both types of disorder.

Cognitive function in unipolar major depression: A comparison of currently depressed, previously depressed, and never depressed individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 782-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Halvorsen ◽  
Ragnhild Sørensen Høifødt ◽  
Ingvild Nordnes Myrbakk ◽  
Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang ◽  
Kjetil Sundet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

Validity of an operational definition for neurotic unipolar major depression

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zimmerman ◽  
William Coryell ◽  
Dalene Stangl ◽  
Bruce Pfohl
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

Unipolar Major Depression

2017 ◽  
pp. 1352-1362.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared D. Minkel ◽  
Andrew D. Krystal ◽  
Ruth M. Benca
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

Association Between Lifetime Headache and History of Suicide Attempts in the Elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Calati ◽  
P. Courtet ◽  
J. Norton ◽  
K. Ritchie ◽  
S. Artero
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundPain-related conditions have been reported to play a key role among risk factors for suicide. Headache in particular has been repeatedly associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The aims of this study were: 1) to assess the association between lifetime headache (both non-migrainous headache and migraine) and lifetime suicide attempts (SA); 2) to differentiate, within subjects with lifetime SA, patients with and without lifetime headache in terms of socio-demographic and clinical features.MethodsWe studied 1965 subjects from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and over without dementia (the ESPRIT study), divided in two groups: those with (n = 75), and those without a lifetime SA (n = 1890). Logistic regression analyses were used to compare these groups according to lifetime headache status.ResultsAfter adjusting for gender, living alone, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and depressive, manic/hypomanic and anxiety disorders, lifetime headache frequency was significantly higher in subjects with a lifetime SA compared with controls (OR = 1.92 [1.17–3.15]). Additionally, different factors were identified as being associated with lifetime SA in participants with lifetime headache (female gender, a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insomnia, lifetime major depression) versus participants without headache (glycemia and lifetime major depression).ConclusionsLifetime headache was associated with lifetime SA. Subjects who are women and report the co-occurrence of headache and insomnia as well as lifetime major depression require higher attention and a careful screening for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

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