6.27 Executive Function Deficits in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Contribute to Parenting Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. S285
Author(s):  
Mengyao Li ◽  
Yasong Du ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Wenqing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function Deficits

424. Executive function deficits in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. S130
Author(s):  
J.L. Vassileva ◽  
J.M. Vongher ◽  
M. Fischer ◽  
L. Conant ◽  
R.C. Risinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function Deficits

scholarly journals Executive function and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Ugandan children with perinatal HIV exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Burkey ◽  
S. M. Murray ◽  
P. Bangirana ◽  
I. Familiar ◽  
R. O. Opoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Hiv Exposure ◽  
Symptom Criteria ◽  
Executive Function Deficits

Background.Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders in childhood and is associated with substantial deficits in executive functioning and lost academic and occupational attainment. This study evaluates symptoms of ADHD and their association with neurocognitive deficits in a cohort of rural Ugandan children who were born to HIV-infected mothers.Methods.We assessed ADHD symptoms and executive function (including memory and attention) in a non-clinical sample of children born to HIV-infected mothers in rural eastern Uganda. Analyses included assessments of the psychometric properties, factor structure, and convergent and discriminant validity of the ADHD measure (ADHD-Rating Scale-IV); and executive function deficits in children meeting symptom criteria for ADHD.Results.232 children [54% female; mean age 7.8 years (s.d. 2.0)] were assessed for ADHD and executive function deficits. The ADHD measure showed good internal consistency (α = 0.85.) Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) two-factor model. Subjects meeting DSM-5 symptom criteria for ADHD had worse parent-rated executive function on six out of seven subscales.Conclusions.Our results demonstrate structural validity of the ADHD measure with this population, strong associations between ADHD symptom severity and poorer executive function, and higher levels of executive function problems in perinatally HIV-exposed Ugandan children with ADHD. These findings suggest that ADHD may be an important neurocognitive disorder associated with executive function problems among children in sub-Saharan African settings where perinatal HIV exposure is common.

Executive function and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: stimulant medication and better executive function performance in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KEMPTON ◽  
A. VANCE ◽  
P. MARUFF ◽  
E. LUK ◽  
J. COSTIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Spatial Recognition ◽  
Executive Function Deficits

Background. Executive function deficits have been reported repeatedly in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Stimulant medication has been shown to be effective in improving cognitive performance on most executive function tasks, but neuropsychological tests of executive function in this population have yielded inconsistent results. Methodological limitations may explain these inconsistencies. This study aimed to measure executive function in medicated and non-medicated children with ADHD by using a computerized battery, the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which is sensitive to executive function deficits in older patients with frontostriatal neurological impairments.Methods. Executive function was assessed in 30 children with ADHD: 15 were stimulant medication naïve and 15 were treated with stimulant medication. These two groups were compared to 15 age, sex and IQ matched controls.Results. The unmedicated children with ADHD displayed specific cognitive impairments on executive function tasks of spatial short-term memory, spatial working memory, set-shifting ability and planning ability. Impairments were also seen on spatial recognition memory and delayed matching to sample, while pattern recognition memory remained intact. The medicated children with ADHD were not impaired on any of the above executive function tasks except for deficits in spatial recognition memory.Conclusions. ADHD is associated with deficits in executive function. Stimulant medication is associated with better executive function performance. Prospective follow-up studies are required to examine these effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document