Studies on methanolic extract of Rauvolfia species from Southern Western Ghats of India – In vitro antioxidant properties, characterisation of nutrients and phytochemicals

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadakkemuriyil Divya Nair ◽  
Rajaram Panneerselvam ◽  
Ragupathi Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha Pallerla ◽  
Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

scholarly journals A new species of Xylophis Beddome, 1878 (Serpentes: Pareidae) from the southern Western Ghats of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Surya Narayanan ◽  
Pratyush P. Mohapatra ◽  
Amirtha Balan ◽  
Sandeep Das ◽  
David J. Gower
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
White Collar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
A New Species

We reassess the taxonomy of the Indian endemic snake Xylophis captaini and describe a new species of Xylophis based on a type series of three specimens from the southernmost part of mainland India. Xylophis deepakisp. nov. is most similar phenotypically to X. captaini, with which it was previously confused. The new species differs from X. captaini by having a broader, more regular and ventrally extensive off-white collar, more ventral scales (117–125 versus 102–113), and by lack of flounces on the body and proximal lobes of the hemipenis. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S DNA sequences strongly indicates that the new species is most closely related to X. captaini, differing from it by an uncorrected pairwise genetic distance of 4.2%. A revised key to the species of Xylophis is provided.

Rediscovery of Ophiorrhiza incarnata C.E.C. Fisch. (Rubiaceae) from the Western Ghats of India after a lapse of 83 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 18953-18955
Author(s):  
Perumal Murugan ◽  
Vellingiri Ravichandran ◽  
Chidambaram Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Threatened Plant ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
The Western Ghats

Ophiorrhiza incarnata C.E.C.Fisch. (Rubiaceae), a threatened plant species of southern Western Ghats is rediscovered from the adjacent area of the type locality after lapse of eight decades.  Its distribution and conservation status are discussed.

scholarly journals Domestic Cooking Effects of Bambara Groundnuts and Common Beans in the Antioxidant Properties and Polyphenol Profiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nyau ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
J. Rodrigues ◽  
J. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

Processing of legumes before consumption has several effects on micronutrients, macronutrients and phytonutrients. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of domestic processing on antioxidant activities and phenolic phytochemicals of the red bambara groundnuts and red beans. The study employed in vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) to screen for antioxidant properties, HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and Folin Ciocalteu assay to screen for phenolic phytochemical profiles. Domestic cooking displayed positive effects on the antioxidant activity and phenolic phytochemical profiles of the two legumes. The free radical scavenging speed increased 10-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red bambara groundnuts compared to uncooked. By contrast, the free radical scavenging speed increased 20-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red beans compared to uncooked. HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS profiles of the cooked red bambara groundnuts and red beans revealed a number of emergent phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids. These data indicate that cooking appear to enhance the nutraceutical profiles of the legumes investigated.

A detailed account of the reproductive strategy and developmental stages of Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (Anura: Nasikabatrachidae), the only extant member of an archaic frog lineage

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3510 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANIL ZACHARIAH ◽  
ROBIN KURIAN ABRAHAM ◽  
SANDEEP DAS ◽  
K. C. JAYAN ◽  
RONALD ALTIG
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Limb Buds ◽  
Additional Site ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
Significant Data

Novel and significant data on the breeding biology and tadpole morphology of Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis expands ourunderstanding of this unusual frog and clarifies some data in other reports. Nonpigmented eggs are laid in arrays or clumpsin small shaded rocky pools in the bedrock of torrential streams, as they are charged by early monsoon rains. The suctorialtadpole adapted to rheophilic habitats, has a strongly depressed body, dorsal eyes, complete marginal papillae, a labialtooth row formula of 2/3 or 2/3(1), and a medial vent with unusual flaps subtending the vent and limb buds. Tadpoles meta-morphose in about 100 days. Additional site records and issues relating to the conservation of this frog and its habitat in the southern Western Ghats of India are discussed.

Castianeira furva sp. nov. (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), a new polymorphic ground sac spider from the southern Western Ghats of India

Zootaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3964 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOBI J. MALAMEL ◽  
MATHEW M. JOSEPH ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats

A new species of Striga section Polypleurae (Orobanchaceae) from southern Western Ghats of India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
K. M. PRABHU KUMAR ◽  
M. OMALSREE ◽  
M. SABU ◽  
P. SUNOJKUMAR ◽  
BINU THOMAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Glandular Hairs ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Striga from Tamil Nadu parts of Western Ghats of India is described and illustrated as Striga kamalii sp. nov. The new species shows similarity with S. densiflora in having a densely hispid stem, linear leaves, bracts longer than calyx, and oblong fruit shorter than calyx lobes, but differs in the 10-ribbed calyx, the glandular hairs on calyx and corolla tube, and the obovate-rounded petals. A detailed description, with data on distribution and parasitism together with relevant taxonomic notes and colour photographs are provided.

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Taksim Ahmed ◽  
Sanzida Pathan ◽  
Md. Mamun Al-Amin ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Standard Procedures

AbstractPlant-derived phytochemicals consisting of phenols and flavonoids possess antioxidant properties, eventually rendering a lucrative tool to scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study was carried out to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract and petroleum ether extracts ofPhytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was tested using several in vitro assays, viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, NO assay, HPreliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides in both extracts. Methanolic extract was found to possess stronger antioxidant potential than petroleum ether extracts in all assays. The ICThese findings demonstrate that methanolic extracts could be considered as potential sources of natural antioxidant, whereas petroleum ether extracts could be explored for promising anticancer molecules.

scholarly journals Freshwater fish fauna of rivers of the southern Western Ghats, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1735-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbu Aravazhi Arunkumar ◽  
Arunachalam Manimekalan
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Freshwater Fish Fauna ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
The Western Ghats

Abstract. The Western Ghats of India is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the eight “hotspots” of biological diversity in the world. It is also referred to as the “Great Escarpment of India”. This paper provides information on the diversity of freshwater fish fauna of six river systems of the southern Western Ghats. The study area has been identified geographically using a GPS, and the respective topographic map has been digitized using ArcGIS software. The fish fauna were collected from various streams and rivers using cast nets, dip nets, gill nets and drag nets. Among the 31 georeferenced sites sampled from the rivers of the southern Western Ghats, a total of 64 species, belonging to 6 orders, 14 families and 31 genera, were recorded. Among them, the order Cypriniformes was dominant, with 3 families, 18 genera and 49 species (76.6 %). Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed to express the contribution of the variables and their influence on the species diversity. Interestingly, of the 31 sites, Thunakadavu stream, Gulithuraipatti, Athirapally, Naduthotam, Nadathittu, Mullaithodu, Thonanthikla, Noolpuzha and Sinnaru exhibited high variation in species diversity. Nearly 15 species were found to be threatened in the Western Ghats. Garra periyarensis and Cirrhinus cirrhosus are known to be vulnerable and Hemibagrus punctatus is critically endangered because of various anthropogenic activities. The study clearly indicates that certain timely measures have to be taken immediately to protect the fish fauna in the southern Western Ghats (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.882214).

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