Prehistoric polydactylism: Biological evidence and rock art representation from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien G. Standen ◽  
Calogero M. Santoro ◽  
Bernardo Arriaza ◽  
Daniela Valenzuela ◽  
Drew Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Biological Evidence

Wild or Domesticated? Camelids in Early Formative Rock Art of the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile)

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gallardo ◽  
Hugo Yacobaccio
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
South American ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Visual Preferences ◽  
Early Formative

AbstractThe absence of suitable methodologies to distinguish between wild and domesticated camelids in rock art has limited the interpretation of visual preferences of Andean prehispanic cultures. Although rock art’s contextual information may provide some indications that help to differentiate between wild and domesticated animals, uncertainty prevails because the relation to camelid forms is indirect. Zoological and zooarchaeological knowledge of South American camelid morphology is used as a means of comparison and identification in Atacama Desert rock art attributed to the Initial Pastoral phase (1500–500 B.C., Early Formative period, northern Chile). Based on this analysis, there are strong arguments for a distinctive graphic representation of wild as opposed to domesticated camelids, as well as a correspondence of these representations to two different modes of subsistence—one of hunters and the other of husbandry-pastoralist societies—which would have coexisted during this transitional period.

scholarly journals IN SITU X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS OF ROCK ART PAINTINGS ALONG THE COAST AND VALLEYS OF THE ATACAMA DESERT, NORTHERN CHILE

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 2822-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCELA SEPÚLVEDA ◽  
SEBASTIAN GUTIERREZ ◽  
JOSÉ CARCAMO ◽  
ADRIAN OYANEDER ◽  
DANIELA VALENZUELA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Consumption of animals beyond diet in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile (13,000–410BP): Comparing rock art motifs and archaeofaunal records

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Valenzuela ◽  
Calogero M. Santoro ◽  
José M. Capriles ◽  
María José Quinteros ◽  
Ronny Peredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile

Riders on the storm: Rock art in the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile)

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gallardo ◽  
Victoria Castro ◽  
Pablo Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile

Social interaction and rock art styles in the Atacama Desert (northern Chile)

Antiquity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (321) ◽  
pp. 619-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
The Social

In this ground-breaking study the author looks at three consecutive styles of rock art, placing them in the social context in which they were produced. Although necessarily succinct, the argument shows that as hierarchy increased and functioned over longer distances, rock art could perform as the organ of pastoralist authority, or the badge of marginalised hunters or, most often, as the imagery of consensus masking social inequality.

CONFOUNDINGLY COMPLEX EXPOSURE HISTORIES REVEALED BY 21NE AND 10BE ABUNDANCES IN ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS OF THE ATACAMA DESERT, NORTHERN CHILE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Cross Jungers ◽  
◽  
Arjun M. Heimsath ◽  
Ronald Amundson ◽  
Greg Balco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Alluvial Deposits

Potential of arsenic bioremediation by a cyanobacterium isolated from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Pablo Pérez-Portilla ◽  
Juan Araya ◽  
Karem Gallardo ◽  
Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Salado River ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Cyanobacteria and microalgae are recognized as excellent metal(loid)s-bioremediators of aquatic systems. We isolated a cyanobacterium from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, which was identified as Cyanobium sp. Growth inhibition bioassays were conducted with arsenic and cadmium, and tolerance of Cyanobium to these metals was estimated. Removal of arsenic was assessed under different pH conditions and over time. We showed that the Cyanobium strain isolated from the Salado River has a greater tolerance to the arsenic and cadmium compounds than other species commonly used in metal(loid)s-bioremediation. Removal of up to 90% of arsenic was obtained in alkaline conditions, within the first 3 hours of exposure suggesting that Cyanobium sp. isolated from the Atacama Desert could be further studied with biotechnological purposes and to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of adaption to arid environments.

The Paleoepidemiology of American Trypasonomiasis (Chagas disease)

1970 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilmar Salo ◽  
William C. Auferheide ◽  
Michael Madden ◽  
John Streitz ◽  
Jane Buikstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Kinetoplast Dna ◽  
Testing Hypotheses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Ancient DNA methodology was applied to extract and amplify a segment of kinetoplast DNA of Trypanosoma cruzi in soft tissue specimens from about 300 spontaneously mummified human bodies from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile and southern Peru. A DNA probe was then employed to hybridize with the amplicon. Results indicate that about 41% of the population in that geographic area were infected with the trypanosome over the past 9000 years. The epidemiological implications of these findings are discussed. It is also emphasized that this and several other paleoepidemiological studies in progress have established that population-study cohorts of mummies now can generate statistically valid paleoepidemiological investigations capable of testing hypotheses. These reflect the maturation of the academic discipline of the scientific study of mummies.

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