Chronic developmental exposure to phenytoin has long‐term behavioral consequences

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd M. Mowery ◽  
Angela L. McDowell ◽  
Preston E. Garraghty
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Consequences ◽  
Developmental Exposure

scholarly journals Cognitive impairments from developmental exposure to serotonergic drugs: citalopram and MDMA

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tori L. Schaefer ◽  
Curtis E. Grace ◽  
Amanda A. Braun ◽  
Robyn M. Amos-Kroohs ◽  
Devon L. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
System Development ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Learning Deficits ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Target Field ◽  
Field Organization ◽  
Serotonergic Drugs

Abstract We previously showed that developmental 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) treatment induces long-term spatial and egocentric learning and memory deficits and serotonin (5-HT) reductions. During brain development, 5-HT is a neurotrophic factor influencing neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, migration, and target field organization. MDMA (10 mg/kg × 4/d at 2 h intervals) given on post-natal day (PD) 11–20 in rats (a period of limbic system development that approximates human third trimester brain development) induces 50% reductions in 5-HT during treatment and 20% reductions when assessed as adults. To determine whether the 5-HT reduction is responsible for the cognitive deficits, we used citalopram (Cit) pretreatment to inhibit the effects of MDMA on 5-HT reuptake in a companion study. Cit attenuated MDMA-induced 5-HT reductions by 50% (Schaefer et al., 2012). Here we tested whether Cit (5 or 7.5 mg/kg × 2/d) pretreatment attenuates the cognitive effects of MDMA. Within each litter, different offspring were treated on PD11–20 with saline (Sal) + MDMA, Cit + MDMA, Cit + Sal or Sal + Sal. Neither spatial nor egocentric learning/memory was improved by Cit pretreatment. Unexpectedly, Cit + Sal (at both doses) produced spatial and egocentric learning deficits as severe as those caused by Sal + MDMA. These are the first data showing cognitive deficits resulting from developmental exposure to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. These data indicate the need for further research on the long-term safety of antidepressants during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Developmental exposure to silver nanoparticles leads to long term gut dysbiosis and neurobehavioral alterations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Lyu ◽  
Shreya Ghoshdastidar ◽  
Karamkolly R. Rekha ◽  
Dhananjay Suresh ◽  
Jiude Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractDue to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in a wide range of consumer products that includes topical wound dressings, coatings for biomedical devices, and food-packaging to extend the shelf-life. Despite their beneficial antimicrobial effects, developmental exposure to such AgNPs may lead to gut dysbiosis and long-term health consequences in exposed offspring. AgNPs can cross the placenta and blood–brain-barrier to translocate in the brain of offspring. The underlying hypothesis tested in the current study was that developmental exposure of male and female mice to AgNPs disrupts the microbiome–gut–brain axis. To examine for such effects, C57BL6 female mice were exposed orally to AgNPs at a dose of 3 mg/kg BW or vehicle control 2 weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation. Male and female offspring were tested in various mazes that measure different behavioral domains, and the gut microbial profiles were surveyed from 30 through 120 days of age. Our study results suggest that developmental exposure results in increased likelihood of engaging in repetitive behaviors and reductions in resident microglial cells. Echo-MRI results indicate increased body fat in offspring exposed to AgNPs exhibit. Coprobacillus spp., Mucispirillum spp., and Bifidobacterium spp. were reduced, while Prevotella spp., Bacillus spp., Planococcaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Ruminococcus spp. were increased in those developmentally exposed to NPs. These bacterial changes were linked to behavioral and metabolic alterations. In conclusion, developmental exposure of AgNPs results in long term gut dysbiosis, body fat increase and neurobehavioral alterations in offspring.

Long-term effect of developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos on hypothalamic neuropeptides in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. S175
Author(s):  
Sabrina Tait ◽  
Laura Ricceri ◽  
Aldina Venerosi ◽  
Francesca Maranghi ◽  
Gemma Calamandrei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Term Effect ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Hypothalamic Neuropeptides

scholarly journals 0037 LONG-TERM BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES OF NEONATAL SLEEP FRAGMENTATION

SLEEP ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A14-A15
Author(s):  
SJ Bertrand ◽  
SR Kudchadkar ◽  
Z Zhang ◽  
NM Punjabi ◽  
S Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Behavioral Consequences

Developmental exposure to methylmercury elicits early cell death in the cerebral cortex and long‐term memory deficits in the rat

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ferraro ◽  
Maria Cristina Tomasini ◽  
Sergio Tanganelli ◽  
Roberta Mazza ◽  
Addolorata Coluccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Term Memory
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