The effect of metal ions commonly present in food on gene expression of sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells in relation to spore wet heat resistance

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J.C.M. Oomes ◽  
S. Brul
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Wet Heat

Properties of spores of Bacillus subtilis with or without a transposon that decreases spore germination and increases spore wet heat resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannong Luo ◽  
George Korza ◽  
Angela M. DeMarco ◽  
Oscar P. Kuipers ◽  
Yong‐qing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Wet Heat

scholarly journals Molecular Physiological Characterization of a High Heat Resistant Spore Forming Bacillus subtilis Food Isolate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Tu ◽  
Peter Setlow ◽  
Stanley Brul ◽  
Gertjan Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Dipicolinic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Food Isolate ◽  
Wet Heat

Bacterial endospores (spores) are among the most resistant living forms on earth. Spores of Bacillus subtilis A163 show extremely high resistance to wet heat compared to spores of laboratory strains. In this study, we found that spores of B. subtilis A163 were indeed very wet heat resistant and released dipicolinic acid (DPA) very slowly during heat treatment. We also determined the proteome of vegetative cells and spores of B. subtilis A163 and the differences in these proteomes from those of the laboratory strain PY79, spores of which are much less heat resistant. This proteomic characterization identified 2011 proteins in spores and 1901 proteins in vegetative cells of B. subtilis A163. Surprisingly, spore morphogenic protein SpoVM had no homologs in B. subtilis A163. Comparing protein expression between these two strains uncovered 108 proteins that were differentially present in spores and 93 proteins differentially present in cells. In addition, five of the seven proteins on an operon in strain A163, which is thought to be primarily responsible for this strain’s spores high heat resistance, were also identified. These findings reveal proteomic differences of the two strains exhibiting different resistance to heat and form a basis for further mechanistic analysis of the high heat resistance of B. subtilis A163 spores.

scholarly journals Heat Shock Proteins Do Not Influence Wet Heat Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Melly ◽  
Peter Setlow
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Heat Shock Genes ◽  
Wet Heat ◽  
Shock Proteins

ABSTRACT Spores of Bacillus subtilis are significantly more resistant to wet heat than are their vegetative cell counterparts. Analysis of the effects of mutations in and the expression of fusions of a coding gene for a thermostable β-galactosidase to a number of heat shock genes has shown that heat shock proteins play no significant role in the wet heat resistance of B. subtilis spores.

Resistance Properties and the Role of the Inner Membrane and Coat of Bacillus subtilis Spores with Extreme Wet Heat Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kanaan ◽  
Jillian Murray ◽  
Ryan Higgins ◽  
Mishil Nana ◽  
Angela M. DeMarco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
Wet Heat

High pressure CO2 reduces the wet heat resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores by perturbing the inner membrane

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 102291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Rao ◽  
Yongtao Wang ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Xiaosong Hu ◽  
Xiaojun Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
High Pressure Co2 ◽  
Wet Heat

scholarly journals The Products of the spoVA Operon Are Involved in Dipicolinic Acid Uptake into Developing Spores of Bacillus subtilis

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 584-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Tovar-Rojo ◽  
Monica Chander ◽  
Barbara Setlow ◽  
Peter Setlow
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Dipicolinic Acid ◽  
Lytic Enzyme ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Wet Heat

ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis cells with mutations in the spoVA operon do not complete sporulation. However, a spoVA strain with mutations that remove all three of the spore’s functional nutrient germinant receptors (termed the ger3 mutations) or the cortex lytic enzyme SleB (but not CwlJ) did complete sporulation. ger3 spoVA and sleB spoVA spores lack dipicolinic acid (DPA) and have lower core wet densities and levels of wet heat resistance than wild-type or ger3 spores. These properties of ger3 spoVA and sleB spoVA spores are identical to those of ger3 spoVF and sleB spoVF spores that lack DPA due to deletion of the spoVF operon coding for DPA synthetase. Sporulation in the presence of exogenous DPA restored DPA levels in ger3 spoVF spores to 53% of the wild-type spore levels, but there was no incorporation of exogenous DPA into ger3 spoVA spores. These data indicate that one or more products of the spoVA operon are involved in DPA transport into the developing forespore during sporulation.

scholarly journals Maturation of Released Spores Is Necessary for Acquisition of Full Spore Heat Resistance during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 6746-6754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Luis Sanchez-Salas ◽  
Barbara Setlow ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Yong-qing Li ◽  
Peter Setlow
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Dipicolinic Acid ◽  
Sporulation Medium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Lower Resistance ◽  
Wet Heat ◽  
Spore Maturation

ABSTRACTThe first ∼10% of spores released from sporangia (early spores) duringBacillus subtilissporulation were isolated, and their properties were compared to those of the total spores produced from the same culture. The early spores had significantly lower resistance to wet heat and hypochlorite than the total spores but identical resistance to dry heat and UV radiation. Early and total spores also had the same levels of core water, dipicolinic acid, and Ca and germinated similarly with several nutrient germinants. The wet heat resistance of the early spores could be increased to that of total spores if early spores were incubated in conditioned sporulation medium for ∼24 h at 37°C (maturation), and some hypochlorite resistance was also restored. The maturation of early spores took place in pH 8 buffer with Ca2+but was blocked by EDTA; maturation was also seen with early spores of strains lacking the CotE protein or the coat-associated transglutaminase, both of which are needed for normal coat structure. Nonetheless, it appears to be most likely that it is changes in coat structure that are responsible for the increased resistance to wet heat and hypochlorite upon early spore maturation.

scholarly journals CRISPR-assisted multi-dimensional regulation for fine-tuning gene expression in Bacillus subtilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. e40-e40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghui Lu ◽  
Shihui Yang ◽  
Xin Yuan ◽  
Yunyun Shi ◽  
Li Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fine Tuning

scholarly journals Peptide signaling without feedback in signal production operates as a true quorum sensing communication system in Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iztok Dogsa ◽  
Mihael Spacapan ◽  
Anna Dragoš ◽  
Tjaša Danevčič ◽  
Žiga Pandur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Sharp Transition

AbstractBacterial quorum sensing (QS) is based on signal molecules (SM), which increase in concentration with cell density. At critical SM concentration, a variety of adaptive genes sharply change their expression from basic level to maximum level. In general, this sharp transition, a hallmark of true QS, requires an SM dependent positive feedback loop, where SM enhances its own production. Some communication systems, like the peptide SM-based ComQXPA communication system of Bacillus subtilis, do not have this feedback loop and we do not understand how and if the sharp transition in gene expression is achieved. Based on experiments and mathematical modeling, we observed that the SM peptide ComX encodes the information about cell density, specific cell growth rate, and even oxygen concentration, which ensure power-law increase in SM production. This enables together with the cooperative response to SM (ComX) a sharp transition in gene expression level and this without the SM dependent feedback loop. Due to its ultra-sensitive nature, the ComQXPA can operate at SM concentrations that are 100–1000 times lower than typically found in other QS systems, thereby substantially reducing the total metabolic cost of otherwise expensive ComX peptide.

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