Towards resolving conflicting reports of radiation-induced genomic instability in populations exposed to ionizing radiation: Implications for the hibakusha

2007 ◽  
Vol 1299 ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Morgan ◽  
Marianne B. Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Radiation Induced

Commentary on radiation-induced bystander effects

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric G Wright
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Bystander Effects ◽  
Intercellular Signalling ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
In Cells

The paradigm of genetic alterations being restricted to direct DNA damage after exposure to ionizing radiation has been challenged by observations in which effects of ionizing radiation arise in cells that in themselves receive no radiation exposure. These effects are demonstrated in cells that are the descendants of irradiated cells (radiation-induced genomic instability) or in cells that are in contact with irradiated cells or receive certain signals from irradiated cells (radiation-induced bystander effects). Bystander signals may be transmitted either by direct intercellular communication through gap junctions, or by diffusible factors, such as cytokines released from irradiated cells. In both phenomena, the untargeted effects of ionizing radiation appear to be associated with free radical-mediated processes. There is evidence that radiation-induced genomic instability may be a consequence of, and in some cell systems may also produce, bystander interactions involving intercellular signalling, production of cytokines and free radical generation. These processes are also features of inflammatory responses that are known to have the potential for both bystander-mediated and persisting damage as well as for conferring a predisposition to malignancy. Thus, radiation-induced genomic instability and untargeted bystander effects may reflect interrelated aspects of inflammatory type responses to radiation-induced stress and injury and contribute to the variety of the pathological consequences of radiation exposures.

Ionizing Radiation-Induced Genomic Instability in CHO cells Is Followed by Selection of Radioresistant Cell Clones

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Guryev ◽  
A. N. Osipov ◽  
E. Yu. Lizunova ◽  
N. Yu. Vorobyeva ◽  
O. V. Boeva
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Cho Cells ◽  
Cell Clones ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Selection Of

Radiation-induced surface decomposition

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
M. L. Knotek
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Neutral Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electron And Photon ◽  
Surface Bond

Modern surface analysis is based largely upon the use of ionizing radiation to probe the electronic and atomic structure of the surfaces physical and chemical makeup. In many of these studies the ionizing radiation used as the primary probe is found to induce changes in the structure and makeup of the surface, especially when electrons are employed. A number of techniques employ the phenomenon of radiation induced desorption as a means of probing the nature of the surface bond. These include Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD) which measure desorbed ionic and neutral species as they leave the surface after the surface has been excited by some incident ionizing particle. There has recently been a great deal of activity in determining the relationship between the nature of chemical bonding and its susceptibility to radiation damage.

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