Biological effects of low intensity therapeutic ultrasound in vitro: the potentials for therapy and the implications on safety of diagnostic ultrasound

2004 ◽  
Vol 1274 ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreto B. Feril ◽  
Takashi Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Ultrasound ◽  
Low Intensity

Study of photobiomodulation effects with violet-blue and red light in experimental oncogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 618-623
Author(s):  
Evgeniya S. Zhukova ◽  
Tatiana G. Shcherbatyuk ◽  
Arseniy L. Potapov ◽  
Irina A. Chernigina ◽  
Vladimir V. Chernov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Radical Processes

Introduction. There is still an open question about the limits of medical use of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the optical range in tumor growth due to the risk of increased proliferation of tumor cells. The conditions under which the tumor process is stimulated, as well as the mechanisms of photobiomodulation in oncological pathology, remain unclear. The aim of the study - in vitro evaluation and comparison of the effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm on the activity of free-radical processes in tumor tissue and blood in normal and growing experimental neoplasia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on biological material obtained from white non-linear rats intact and with subcutaneously transplanted cholangiocellular cancer MS-1. The sources of low-intensity radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm were led generators. The content of hemoglobin, the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, changes in the overall level of free radical processes and antioxidant activity by induced chemiluminescence, and DNA damage by the method of DNA comets were studied. Data analysis was performed using nonparametric statistics methods. Results. The multidirectional effect of radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm on free-radical homeostasis indicators at the early and late stages of tumor growth, as well as the dependence of biological effects on the wavelength of radiation, was found. Conclusions. The results obtained allow making a number of assumptions about the mechanisms of action of the optical electromagnetic waves on tumor growth, modulating free radical processes in the tumor-bearing organism.

Low Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound Effect on Nano-Particle Motion in a Viscous Medium

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Mizrahi ◽  
Daphne Weihs ◽  
Eitan Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Particle Motion ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Therapeutic Ultrasound ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Model System ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intracellular Organelles

While low intensity therapeutic ultrasound irradiation (LITUS) has been shown to have biological effects on tissue and cells, the physical mechanism leading to those effects has yet to be characterized. As a model system to study effects of LITUS on intracellular organelles, we monitor the dynamics of nanoparticles suspended in a viscoelastic medium, before and during LITUS treatment. Particle motion dynamics can indicate: i) forces acting on similarly-sized intracellular organelles; ii) streaming flow induced in cells and in cavities in contact with cells; and iii) instantaneous (under LITUS) changes in the mechanical properties of viscoelastic media in general and cells in particular. Forces and flow can result in shear stresses that act on the cell membrane of, e.g., endothelial cells in blood vessels and may cause biophysical responses. Particle motion in a high-viscosity, viscoelastic model solution, methyl cellulose, was used as an indicator for sample response under LITUS. The ultrasound-induced motion of nano-particles was quantified by real-time particle-tracking microrheology methods. Particle motion without LITUS irradiation demonstrated diffusive-like behavior with no underlying convection. In contrast, during LITUS irradiation convective motion with a particle-velocity profile parabolic in time was observed. Particles were accelerated after initiation of LITUS irradiation, then a transient phase of constant velocity was observed, and finally the speed was reduced. Altogether the results of the study indicate that LITUS may apply considerable direct forces on suspended particles, a model system for cellular organelles. More studying will help elucidate the mechanisms of LITUS effects. Extending this approach to cells in vitro and evaluating their response can promote the use of ultrasound as a therapeutic tool for delicate manipulation of cells in vivo in a controlled, targeted, and non-invasive way. At the same time, one can define the safety limits and optimal range for therapeutic and diagnostic ultrasound by indicating the threshold for irreversible intracellular changes.

scholarly journals Influence of changing pulse repetition frequency on chemical and biological effects induced by low-intensity ultrasound in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Buldakov ◽  
Mariame A. Hassan ◽  
Qing-Li Zhao ◽  
Loreto B. Feril ◽  
Nobuki Kudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Pulse Repetition Frequency ◽  
Repetition Frequency ◽  
Pulse Repetition ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Ultrasound

Ultrastructural Changes in Three Different Mammalian Cells Following Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
K. Shankar Narayan ◽  
Kailash C. Gupta ◽  
Tohru Okigaki
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

The biological effects of short-wave ultraviolet light has generally been described in terms of changes in cell growth or survival rates and production of chromosomal aberrations. Ultrastructural changes following exposure of cells to ultraviolet light, particularly at 265 nm, have not been reported.We have developed a means of irradiating populations of cells grown in vitro to a monochromatic ultraviolet laser beam at a wavelength of 265 nm based on the method of Johnson. The cell types studies were: i) WI-38, a human diploid fibroblast; ii) CMP, a human adenocarcinoma cell line; and iii) Don C-II, a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell strain. The cells were exposed either in situ or in suspension to the ultraviolet laser (UVL) beam. Irradiated cell populations were studied either "immediately" or following growth for 1-8 days after irradiation.Differential sensitivity, as measured by survival rates were observed in the three cell types studied. Pattern of ultrastructural changes were also different in the three cell types.

The role of aromatic microbial metabolites

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Н.В. Белобородова ◽  
В.В. Мороз ◽  
А.Ю. Бедова
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Blood Concentrations

Интеграция метаболизма макроорганизма и его микробиоты, обеспечивающая в норме симбиоз и саногенез, нарушается при заболеваниях, травме, критическом состоянии, и вектор взаимодействия может изменяться в пользу прокариотов по принципу «метаболиты бактерий - против хозяина». Анализ литературы показал, что, с одной стороны, имеется живой интерес к ароматическим микробным метаболитам, с другой - отсутствует четкое представление об их роли в организме человека. Публикации, касающиеся ряда ароматических микробных метаболитов (фенилкарбоновых кислот, ФКК), как правило, не связаны между собой по тематике и направлены на решение тех или иных прикладных задач в разных областях биологии и медицины. Цель обзора - анализ информации о происхождении, биологических эффектах ФКК в экспериментах in vitro и in vivo , и клинических наблюдениях. Обобщая результаты приведенных в обзоре исследований на клеточном, субклеточном и молекулярном уровнях, логично предположить участие ароматических микробных метаболитов в патогенезе полиорганной недостаточности при сепсисе. Наиболее перспективным для раскрытия роли ароматических микробных метаболитов представляется изучение механизмов вторичной почечной недостаточности и септической энцефалопатии. Важным направлением для будущих исследований является изучение влияния продуктов микробной биодеградации ароматических соединений на развитие диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, артериальной гипотензии и септического шока. Результаты дальнейших исследований будут иметь не только фундаментальное значение, но и обогатят практическую медицину новыми диагностическими и лечебными технологиями. Significant increases in blood concentrations of some aromatic metabolites (phenylcarboxylic acids, PhCAs) in patients with sepsis have been previously shown. Enhanced bacterial biodegradation of aromatic compounds has been demonstrated to considerably contribute to this process. Integration of macroorganism metabolism and its microbiota, which provides normal symbiosis and sanogenesis, is disturbed in diseases, trauma, and critical conditions. Direction of this interaction may change in favor of prokaryotes according to the principle, “bacterial metabolites are against the host”. Analysis of literature showed a particular interest of many investigators to aromatic microbial metabolites. However, there is no clear understanding of their role in the human body. Publications on PhCAs are generally not thematically interrelated and usually focus on solving applied tasks in different fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this work was to consolidate existing information about origin and biological effects of PhCAs in in vitro / in vivo experiments and some clinical findings. The presented summary of reported data from studies performed at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels suggests participation of aromatic microbial metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Studying mechanisms of secondary renal failure and septic encephalopathy is most promising for discovering the function of aromatic microbial metabolites. Effects of microbial biodegradation products of aromatic substances on development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypotension, and septic shock are an important challenge for future studies. Results of further investigations will be not only fundamental, but will also enrich medical practice with new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.

Biological effects of low-intensity radiofrequency fields and risk assessment for biota

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-596
Author(s):  
Elena I. Sarapultseva ◽  
Darya V. Uskalova ◽  
Ksenya V. Ustenko
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Different Levels

Despite the fact that there are still conflicting opinions about the damage caused by modern wireless communication technologies, most scientists report on the negative biological effects of low-intensity radio frequency electromagnetic radiation at different levels of the organization of live nature. There is no doubt that there is a need not only for a sanitary and hygienic assessment of man-made electromagnetic effects on humans, but also for an environmental assessment for biota. The purpose of the study was to assess the potential environmental risk of electromagnetic impact in the centimeter range on natural ecosystems. The initial data were the authors' own results in the field of radiobiology of non-ionizing radiation, as well as published of other researchers. The article analyzes the biological effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields detected in organisms of different systematic groups and levels of organization. The data on the non-thermal biological effects of electromagnetic fields indicate a high sensitivity of different species to this factor. The analyzed research results emphasize the need to take into account the features of non-thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation on biota, since these radiations can have a negative impact on different hierarchical levels in natural ecosystems.

Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content and Hematoprotective Effects of Cleome arabica Polyphenolic Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tigrine ◽  
A. Kameli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Polyphenolic Extract ◽  
Cleome Arabica

In this study a polyphenolic extract from Cleome arabica leaves (CALE) was investigated for its antioxidant activity in vitro using DPPH•, metal chelating and reducing power methods and for its protective effects against AraC-induced hematological toxicity in vivo using Balb C mice. Results indicated that CALE exhibited a strong and dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH• free radical (IC50 = 4.88 μg/ml) and a high reducing power activity (EC50 = 4.85 μg/ml). Furthermore, it showed a good chelating effects against ferrous ions (IC50 = 377.75 μg/ml). The analysis of blood showed that subcutaneous injection of AraC (50 mg/kg) to mice during three consecutive days caused a significant myelosupression (P < 0.05). The combination of CALE and AraC protected blood cells from a veritable toxicity. Where, the number of the red cells, the amount of hemoglobin and the percentage of the hematocrite were significantly high. On the other hand, AraC cause an elevation of body temperature (39 °C) in mice. However, the temperature of the group treated with CALE and AraC remained normal and did not exceed 37.5 °C. The observed biological effects of CALE, in vitro as well as in vivo, could be due to the high polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In addition, the antioxidant activity of CALE suggested to be responsible for its hematoprotective effect.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Lectin Exhibit Inhibition of ACE-I, α-amylase and α-glucosidase Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 494-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Suresh Bhagyawant ◽  
Dakshita Tanaji Narvekar ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
Amita Bhadkaria ◽  
Ajay Kumar Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Chickpea Lectin

Background: Diabetes and hypertension are the major health concern and alleged to be of epidemic proportions. This has made it a numero uno subject at various levels of investigation. Glucosidase inhibitor provides the reasonable option in treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as it specifically targets post prandial hyperglycemia. The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in hypertension. Therefore, inhibition of ACE in treatment of elevated blood pressure attracts special interest of the scientific community. Chickpea is a food legume and seeds contain carbohydrate binding protein- a lectin. Some of the biological properties of this lectin hitherto been elucidated. Methods: Purified by ion exchange chromatography, chickpea lectin was tested for its in vitro antioxidant, ACE-I inhibitory and anti-diabetic characteristic. Results: Lectin shows a characteristic improvement over the synthetic drugs like acarbose (oral anti-diabetic drug) and captopril (standard antihypertensive drug) when, their IC50 values are compared. Lectin significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 values of 85.41 ± 1.21 ҝg/ml and 65.05 ± 1.2 µg/ml compared to acarbose having IC50 70.20 ± 0.47 value of µg/ml and 50.52 ± 1.01 µg/ml respectively. β-Carotene bleaching assay showed antioxidant activity of lectin (72.3%) to be as active as Butylated Hydroxylanisole (BHA). In addition, lectin demonstrated inhibition against ACE-I with IC50 value of 57.43 ± 1.20 µg/ml compared to captopril. Conclusion: Lectin demonstrated its antioxidant character, ACE-I inhibition and significantly inhibitory for α-glucosidase and α-amylase seems to qualify as an anti-hyperglycemic therapeutic molecule. The biological effects of chickpea lectin display potential for reducing the parameters of medically debilitating conditions. These characteristics however needs to be established under in vivo systems too viz. animals through to humans.

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