Pre-clinical and clinical studies of epidermal powder immunization with an influenza vaccine

2004 ◽  
Vol 1263 ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexiang Chen ◽  
Hansi Dean ◽  
Lendon G Payne
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Epidermal Powder Immunization

Epidermal powder immunization using non-toxic bacterial enterotoxin adjuvants with influenza vaccine augments protective immunity

Vaccine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 2671-2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexiang Chen ◽  
Ryan L. Endres ◽  
Cherie A. Erickson ◽  
Yuh-Fun Maa ◽  
Lendon G. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Epidermal Powder Immunization

Epidermal powder immunization of mice and monkeys with an influenza vaccine

Vaccine ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 2830-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexiang Chen ◽  
Ryan Endres ◽  
Yuh-Fun Maa ◽  
Charlotte R. Kensil ◽  
Patricia Whitaker-Dowling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Epidermal Powder Immunization

scholarly journals Serum and Mucosal Immune Responses to an Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Induced by Epidermal Powder Immunization

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 7956-7965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexiang Chen ◽  
Sangeeta B. Periwal ◽  
Katherine Larrivee ◽  
Cindy Zuleger ◽  
Cherie A. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Cpg Dna ◽  
Epidermal Powder Immunization

ABSTRACT Both circulating and mucosal antibodies are considered important for protection against infection by influenza virus in humans and animals. However, current inactivated vaccines administered by intramuscular injection using a syringe and needle elicit primarily circulating antibodies. In this study, we report that epidermal powder immunization (EPI) via a unique powder delivery system elicits both serum and mucosal antibodies to an inactivated influenza virus vaccine. Serum antibody responses to influenza vaccine following EPI were enhanced by codelivery of cholera toxin (CT), a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing immunostimulatory CpG motifs (CpG DNA), or the combination of these two adjuvants. In addition, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) antibodies were detected in the saliva and mucosal lavages of the small intestine, trachea, and vaginal tract, although the titers were much lower than the IgG titers. The local origin of the sIgA antibodies was further shown by measuring antibodies released from cultured tracheal and small intestinal fragments and by detecting antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the lamina propria using ELISPOT assays. EPI with a single dose of influenza vaccine containing CT or CT and CpG DNA conferred complete protection against lethal challenges with an influenza virus isolated 30 years ago, whereas a prime and boost immunizations were required for protection in the absence of an adjuvant. The ability to elicit augmented circulating antibody and mucosal antibody responses makes EPI a promising alternative to needle injection for administering vaccines against influenza and other diseases.

scholarly journals Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity to Influenza on Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) Immunogenicity

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Sreeja Roy ◽  
Clare M. Williams ◽  
Danushka K. Wijesundara ◽  
Yoichi Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Superior Efficacy ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Striking Contrast

During the previous influenza seasons, between 2010 and 2016, the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) provided variable efficacy against influenza in the U.S., causing the recommendation against the use of the LAIV. In striking contrast, pre-clinical studies have repeatedly demonstrated superior efficacy of LAIV against mismatched influenza viruses, compared to inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). This disparity in reported vaccine efficacies between pre-clinical and clinical studies may in part be explained by limitations of the animal models of influenza. In particular, the absence of pre-existing immunity in animal models has recently emerged as a potential explanation for the discrepancies between preclinical findings and human studies. This commentary focuses on the potential impact of pre-existing immunity on LAIV induced immunogenicity with an emphasis on cross-protective immunity.

scholarly journals Adjuvantation of Influenza Vaccines to Induce Cross-Protective Immunity

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Zhuofan Li ◽  
Yiwen Zhao ◽  
Yibo Li ◽  
Xinyuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvants ◽  
Global Public Health

Influenza poses a huge threat to global public health. Influenza vaccines are the most effective and cost-effective means to control influenza. Current influenza vaccines mainly induce neutralizing antibodies against highly variable globular head of hemagglutinin and lack cross-protection. Vaccine adjuvants have been approved to enhance seasonal influenza vaccine efficacy in the elderly and spare influenza vaccine doses. Clinical studies found that MF59 and AS03-adjuvanted influenza vaccines could induce cross-protective immunity against non-vaccine viral strains. In addition to MF59 and AS03 adjuvants, experimental adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists, saponin-based adjuvants, cholera toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants, and physical adjuvants, are also able to broaden influenza vaccine-induced immune responses against non-vaccine strains. This review focuses on introducing the various types of adjuvants capable of assisting current influenza vaccines to induce cross-protective immunity in preclinical and clinical studies. Mechanisms of licensed MF59 and AS03 adjuvants to induce cross-protective immunity are also introduced. Vaccine adjuvants hold a great promise to adjuvant influenza vaccines to induce cross-protective immunity.

Clinical Studies in Human Strongyloidiasis

1950 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies
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