scholarly journals A case of neurocognitive deficit strongly related to dasatinib therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Kamal Chamoun ◽  
Emma Rabinovich ◽  
Linda Baer ◽  
Philip Fastenau ◽  
Marcos de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Neurocognitive Deficit

scholarly journals BRAIN AND EYE AS POTENTIAL TARGETS FOR IONIZING RADIATION IMPACT. Part І. THE CONSEQUENCES OF IRRADIATION OF THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE LIQUIDATION OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 90-129
Author(s):  
K. Loganovsky ◽  
◽  
P. Fedirko ◽  
K. Kuts ◽  
D. Marazziti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Medical Radiology

Background.Exposure to ionizing radiation could affect the brain and eyes leading to cognitive and vision impairment, behavior disorders and performance decrement during professional irradiation at medical radiology, including interventional radiological procedures, long-term space flights, and radiation accidents. Objective. The objective was to analyze the current experimental, epidemiological, and clinical data on the radiation cerebro-ophthalmic effects. Materials and methods. In our analytical review peer-reviewed publications via the bibliographic and scientometric bases PubMed / MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and selected papers from the library catalog of NRCRM – the leading institution in the field of studying the medical effects of ionizing radiation – were used. Results. The probable radiation-induced cerebro-ophthalmic effects in human adults comprise radiation cataracts, radiation glaucoma, radiation-induced optic neuropathy, retinopathies, angiopathies as well as specific neurocognitive deficit in the various neuropsychiatric pathology including cerebrovascular pathology and neurodegenerative diseases. Specific attention is paid to the likely stochastic nature of many of those effects. Those prenatally and in childhood exposed are a particular target group with a higher risk for possible radiation effects and neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusions. The experimental, clinical, epidemiological, anatomical and pathophysiological rationale for visual system and central nervous system (CNS) radiosensitivity is given. The necessity for further international studies with adequate dosimetric support and the follow-up medical and biophysical monitoring of high radiation risk cohorts is justified. The first part of the study currently being published presents the results of the study of the effects of irradiation in the participants of emergency works at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP). Key words: ionizing radiation, cerebroophthalmic effects, neurocognitive deficit, radiation accident, radiation cataracts, macular degeneration.

scholarly journals Emotional Response Inhibition: A Shared Neurocognitive Deficit in Eating Disorder Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. D. Allen ◽  
M. McLean Sammon ◽  
Kathryn R. Fox ◽  
Jeremy G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Demographic Covariates

Eating disorder (ED) symptoms often co-occur with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This comorbidity is consistent with evidence that trait negative urgency increases risk for both of these phenomena. We previously found that impaired late-stage negative emotional response inhibition (i.e., negative emotional action termination or NEAT) might represent a neurocognitive mechanism for heightened negative urgency among people with NSSI history. The current study evaluated whether relations between negative urgency and ED symptoms similarly reflect deficits in this neurocognitive process. A total of 105 community adults completed an assessment of ED symptoms, negative urgency, and an emotional response inhibition task. Results indicated that, contrary to predictions, negative urgency and NEAT contributed independent variance to the prediction of ED symptoms, while controlling for demographic covariates and NSSI history. Worse NEAT was also uniquely associated with restrictive eating, after accounting for negative urgency. Our findings suggest that difficulty inhibiting ongoing motor responses triggered by negative emotional reactions (i.e., NEAT) may be a shared neurocognitive characteristic of ED symptoms and NSSI. However, negative urgency and NEAT dysfunction capture separate variance in the prediction of ED-related cognitions and behaviors, distinct from the pattern of results we previously observed in NSSI.

Feigned neurocognitive deficit: Taxon or dimension?

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters ◽  
David T. R. Berry ◽  
Richard Rogers ◽  
Joshua W. Payne ◽  
Robert P. Granacher
Keyword(s):  
Neurocognitive Deficit

Potential positive effect of lithium treatment on neurocognitive deficit in bipolar patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e173
Author(s):  
Adele Quartini ◽  
Tecla Petrucci ◽  
Giorgiana Manuali ◽  
Francesco Saverio Bersani ◽  
Giuseppe Bersani
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Positive Effect

The Ups and Downs of BACE1: Walking a Fine Line between Neurocognitive and Other Psychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 107385842094094
Author(s):  
Saak V. Ovsepian ◽  
Jiri Horacek ◽  
Valerie B. O’Leary ◽  
Cyril Hoschl
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Noncognitive Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Leads ◽  
Rate Limiting

Although neurocognitive deficit is the best-recognized indicator of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), psychotic and other noncognitive symptoms are the prime cause of institutionalization. BACE1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of Aβ of AD, and one of the promising therapeutic targets in countering cognitive decline and amyloid pathology. Changes in BACE1 activity have also emerged to cause significant noncognitive neuropsychiatric symptoms and impairments of circadian rhythms, as evident from clinical trials and reports in transgenic models. In this study, we consider key characteristics of BACE1 with its contribution to neurocognitive deficit and other psychiatric symptoms of AD. We argue that a growing list of noncognitive mental impairments related to pharmacological modulation of BACE1 might present a major obstacle in clinical translation of emerging therapeutic leads targeting this protease. The adverse effects of BACE1 inhibition on mental health call for a revision of treatment strategies that assume indiscriminate inhibition of this key protease, and stress the need for further mechanistic and translational studies.

Executive function remediation in schizophrenia: possible strategies and methods

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Stratta ◽  
Alessandro Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit

SummaryAim and Method – The paper is a selective review of the literature on strategies and methods of cognitive remediation in schizophrenic disorders. It has been focused on the remediation of executive functions and the present hypotheses about the possibility of an improvement of the neurocognitive deficit through specific interventions. Results and Conclusions –People with Schizophrenic Disorders have some degree of cognitive deficit that often precede the clinical onset not secondary to the pathology characteristics persisting even when the positive symptoms have been resolved. The possibility that the neurocognitive deficits could be modified by psychological remediation with effects not exclusively confined to the cognitive domain has been nowadays accepted and numerous studies demonstrate that these interventions are effective and durable with a positive impact on social and working abilities, symptomatology and self-esteem.Declaration of Interestthe authors declare that no economical support was obtained for this paper and no other kind of conflict of interest is present.

Elevated interleukin-6 levels correlation with anemia, symptom burden, and neurocognitive deficit in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: Effects of darbepoetin-alfa administered once per cycle for prevention of anemia

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 19505-19505
Author(s):  
S. Vadhan-Raj ◽  
C. Bueso-Ramos ◽  
J. Trent ◽  
S. Patel ◽  
X. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficit ◽  
Cytokine Levels

19505 Background: Chemo-naïve sarcoma pts experience severe anemia during chemotherapy (CT) with adriamycin and ifosfamide (AI) resulting in PRBC transfusions (Tx) in >90% of pts. Anemia has a negative impact on quality of life (QOL) and neurocognitive (NC) functions (fx). Preclinical studies suggest that treatment with erythropoietic stimulating agent (ESA) may protect NC fx. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of darbepoetin (Initial dose 500mcg) administered once per cycle on prevention of anemia, transfusions, symptom burden and NC fx. Methods: Pts underwent assessment for neuropsychological tests, symptoms (MDASI), and quality of life (QOL). To determine if NC deficits and Hb were correlated to cytokine levels, serum IL-1, IL-6, and TNF were measured at baseline, after 3 cycles and completion. Results: Baseline median hemoglobin (Hb) was 13.2 g/dL (n=49); however, significantly more NC deficits and symptoms were seen in pts as compared to normal. Interestingly, serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated as compared to normal at baseline and during treatment (p<0.001), and were negatively correlated with baseline Hb (p=0.003) and significantly associated with NC deficits, QOL and symptoms. Of 45 pts that received > 1 cycle of CT, 38% avoided PRBC Tx. Pts with higher baseline Hb had less sadness and shortness of breath (p<0.01). Pts with higher Hb nadir had lower tingling/numbness (p=0.006). Pts who avoided transfusions had less distress (p=0.032), less sadness (p=0.01), and better motor fx (p=0.005). Conclusions: These findings suggest that cancer pts can have NC deficits prior to CT. Prevention/early intervention with ESA may avoid transfusions, reduce symptom burden, and NC deficit. Significant correlation of anemia, symptoms, and NC deficit with elevated IL-6 levels suggest that anti-IL-6 treatment may improve response to ESA and NC functions. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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