Sedimentation of Nodularia spumigena and distribution of nodularin in the food web during transport of a cyanobacterial bloom from the Baltic Sea to the Kattegat

Harmful Algae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 74-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Carlsson ◽  
Diego Rita
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Nodularia Spumigena ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Dissolved iron (II) in the Baltic Sea surface water and implications for cyanobacterial bloom development

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3803-3850 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Breitbarth ◽  
J. Gelting ◽  
J. Walve ◽  
L. J. Hoffmann ◽  
D. R. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. Iron chemistry measurements were conducted during summer 2007 at two distinct locations in the Baltic Sea (Gotland Deep and Landsort Deep) to evaluate the role of iron for cyanobacterial bloom development in these estuarine waters. Depth profiles of Fe(II) were measured by chemiluminescent flow injection analysis (CL-FIA) and reveal several origins of Fe(II) to the water column. Photoreduction of Fe(III)-complexes and deposition by rain are main sources of Fe(II) (up to 0.9 nmol L−1) in light penetrated surface waters. Indication for organic Fe(II) complexation resulting in prolonged residence times in oxygenated water was observed. Surface dwelling heterocystous cyanobacteria where mainly responsible for Fe(II) consumption in comparison to other phytoplankton. The significant Fe(II) concentrations in surface waters apparently play a major role in cyanobacterial bloom development in the Baltic Sea and are a major contributor to the Fe requirements of diazotrophs. Second, Fe(II) concentrations up to 1.44 nmol L−1 were observed at water depths below the euphotic zone, but above the oxic anoxic interface. Finally, all Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II) in anoxic deep water. However, only a fraction thereof is present as ferrous ions (up to 28 nmol L−1) and was detected by the CL-FIA method applied. Despite their high concentrations, it is unlikely that ferrous ions originating from sub-oxic waters could be a temporary source of bioavailable iron to the euphotic zone since mixed layer depths after strong wind events are not deep enough in summer time.

scholarly journals An ecosystem model of food web and fisheries interactions in the Baltic Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J Harvey ◽  
Sean P Cox ◽  
Timothy E Essington ◽  
Sture Hansson ◽  
James F Kitchell
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Because fisheries operate within a complex array of species interactions, scientists increasingly recommend multispecies approaches to fisheries management. We created a food web model for the Baltic Sea proper, using the Ecopath with Ecosim software, to evaluate interactions between fisheries and the food web from 1974 to 2000. The model was based largely on values generated by multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA). Ecosim outputs closely reproduced MSVPA biomass estimates and catch data for sprat (Sprattus sprattus), herring (Clupea harengus), and cod (Gadus morhua), but only after making adjustments to cod recruitment, to vulnerability to predation of specific species, and to foraging times. Among the necessary adjustments were divergent trophic relationships between cod and clupeids: cod exhibited top-down control on sprat biomass, but had little influence on herring. Fishing, the chief source of mortality for cod and herring, and cod reproduction, as driven by oceanographic conditions as well as unexplained variability, were also key structuring forces. The model generated many hypotheses about relationships between key biota in the Baltic Sea food web and may ultimately provide a basis for estimating community responses to management actions.

Multivariate analysis of the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the marine pelagic food web from the southern part of the Baltic Sea, Poland

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Falandysz ◽  
Barbara Wyrzykowska ◽  
Lidia Strandberg ◽  
Tomasz Puzyn ◽  
Bo Strandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Pelagic Food Web ◽  
The Baltic

Food web responses to eutrophication control in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 435 ◽  
pp. 109249
Author(s):  
Henrik Skov ◽  
Erik Kock Rasmussen ◽  
Jonne Kotta ◽  
Anne Lise Middelboe ◽  
Thomas Uhrenholdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Eutrophication Control ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Response of <i>Nodularia spumigena</i> to <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> – Part 1: Growth, production and nitrogen cycling

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2973-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wannicke ◽  
S. Endres ◽  
A. Engel ◽  
H.-P. Grossart ◽  
M. Nausch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Nodularia Spumigena ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Elemental Stoichiometry ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. Heterocystous cyanobacteria of the genus Nodularia form extensive blooms in the Baltic Sea and contribute substantially to the total annual primary production. Moreover, they dispense a large fraction of new nitrogen to the ecosystem when inorganic nitrogen concentration in summer is low. Thus, it is of ecological importance to know how Nodularia will react to future environmental changes, in particular to increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and what consequences there might arise for cycling of organic matter in the Baltic Sea. Here, we determined carbon (C) and dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates, growth, elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic matter and nitrogen turnover in batch cultures of the heterocystous cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena under low (median 315 μatm), mid (median 353 μatm), and high (median 548 μatm) CO2 concentrations. Our results demonstrate an overall stimulating effect of rising pCO2 on C and N2 fixation, as well as on cell growth. An increase in pCO2 during incubation days 0 to 9 resulted in an elevation in growth rate by 84 ± 38% (low vs. high pCO2) and 40 ± 25% (mid vs. high pCO2), as well as in N2 fixation by 93 ± 35% and 38 ± 1%, respectively. C uptake rates showed high standard deviations within treatments and in between sampling days. Nevertheless, C fixation in the high pCO2 treatment was elevated compared to the other two treatments by 97% (high vs. low) and 44% (high vs. mid) at day 0 and day 3, but this effect diminished afterwards. Additionally, elevation in carbon to nitrogen and nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of the particulate biomass formed (POC : POP and PON : POP) was observed at high pCO2. Our findings suggest that rising pCO2 stimulates the growth of heterocystous diazotrophic cyanobacteria, in a similar way as reported for the non-heterocystous diazotroph Trichodesmium. Implications for biogeochemical cycling and food web dynamics, as well as ecological and socio-economical aspects in the Baltic Sea are discussed.

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