Relative importance of nitrogen sources, algal alarm cues and grazer exposure to toxin production of the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella

Harmful Algae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Griffin ◽  
Gihong Park ◽  
Hans G. Dam
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Alarm Cues ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellate

Influence of predator-prey evolutionary history, chemical alarm-cues, and feeding selection on induction of toxin production in a marine dinoflagellate

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D. Senft-Batoh ◽  
Hans G. Dam ◽  
Sandra E. Shumway ◽  
Gary H. Wikfors ◽  
Carl D. Schlichting
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Alarm Cues ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellate ◽  
Chemical Alarm Cues

In silico prediction of the secretome from the invasive neurotoxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherif Chetouhi ◽  
Mohammed Laabir ◽  
Estelle Masseret ◽  
Natacha Jean
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Prediction ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellate

scholarly journals Understanding the Differences in the Growth and Toxin Production of Anatoxin-Producing Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi Cultured with Inorganic and Organic N Sources from a New Perspective: Carbon/Nitrogen Metabolic Balance

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Siyi Tao ◽  
Suqin Wang ◽  
Lirong Song ◽  
Nanqin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Balance ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Cyanotoxins are the underlying cause of the threat that globally pervasive Cyanobacteria Harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) pose to humans. Major attention has been focused on the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystins (MCs); however, there is a dearth of studies on cyanobacterial neurotoxin anatoxins. In this study, we explored how an anatoxin-producing Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi strain responded to culture with inorganic and organic nitrogen sources in terms of growth and anatoxins production. The results of our study revealed that ʟ- alanine could greatly boost cell growth, and was associated with the highest cell productivity, while urea significantly stimulated anatoxin production with the maximum anatoxin yield reaching 25.86 μg/mg dry weight, which was 1.56-fold higher than that in the control group (BG11). To further understand whether the carbon/nitrogen balance in C. issatschenkoi would affect anatoxin production, we explored growth and toxin production in response to different carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N). Anatoxin production was mildly promoted when the C/N ratio was within low range, and significantly inhibited when the C/N ratio was within high range, showing approximately a three-fold difference. Furthermore, the transcriptional profile revealed that anaC gene expression was significantly up-regulated over 2–24 h when the C/N ratio was increased, and was significantly down-regulated after 96 h. Overall, our results further enriched the evidence that urea can stimulate cyanotoxin production, and ʟ-alanine could boost C. issatschenkoi proliferation, thus providing information for better management of aquatic systems. Moreover, by focusing on the intracellular C/N metabolic balance, this study explained the anatoxin production dynamics in C. issatschenkoi in response to different N sources.

scholarly journals Effect of Associated Bacteria on the Growth and Toxicity of Alexandrium catenella

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Uribe ◽  
Romilio T. Espejo
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
Cell Extracts

ABSTRACT Saprophytic bacteria in cultures of the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella were removed to assess their effect on growth and paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin production of this dinoflagellate. The actual axenic status was demonstrated by the lack of observable bacteria both immediately after treatment and following extended incubation in the absence of antibiotics. Bacteria were measured by counting CFU and also by epifluorescence microscopy and PCR amplification of bacterial 16S-23S spacer ribosomal DNA to detect noncultivable bacteria. Removal of bacteria did not have any effect on the growth of the dinoflagellate except for the inhibition of A. catenella disintegration after reaching the stationary phase. Toxicity was determined in dinoflagellate cell extracts by different methods: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); an electrophysiological test called the Electrotest, which measures the inhibition of saxitoxin-sensitive Na+ channels expressed in a cell line; and a mouse bioassay, which measures the toxic effect on the whole mammal neuromuscular system. A lower toxicity of the dinoflagellates in axenic culture was observed by these three methods, though the difference was significant only by the mouse bioassay and HPLC methods. Altogether the results indicate that axenic cultures of A. catenella are able to produce toxin, though the total toxicity is probably diminished to about one-fifth of that in nonaxenic cultures.

Effects of nutrient limitation on toxin production and composition in the marine dinoflagellate Protogonyaulax tamarensis

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Boyer ◽  
J. J. Sullivan ◽  
R. J. Andersen ◽  
P. J. Harrison ◽  
F. J. R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellate

scholarly journals Impact of Nitrogen Sources on Gene Expression and Toxin Production in the Diazotroph Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii CS-505 and Non-Diazotroph Raphidiopsis brookii D9

Toxins ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1896-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Stucken ◽  
Uwe John ◽  
Allan Cembella ◽  
Katia Soto-Liebe ◽  
Mónica Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii
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