Reduced forms of nitrogen are a driver of non-nitrogen-fixing harmful cyanobacterial blooms and toxicity in Lake Erie

Harmful Algae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia E. Newell ◽  
Timothy W. Davis ◽  
Thomas H. Johengen ◽  
Duane Gossiaux ◽  
Ashley Burtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Reduced Forms

scholarly journals River phosphorus cycling constrains lake cyanobacteria blooms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney M King ◽  
Susan E Curless ◽  
James M Hood
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Phosphorus Cycling ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Bioavailable Phosphorus ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Bioavailable phosphorus exports from rivers during high flow often fuel downstream harmful cyanobacterial blooms; yet whether river phosphorus cycles affect these exports is unclear. Here, we examined river phosphorus cycling during high flow events in a large agricultural watershed that drives cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Erie. We show that between 2003 and 2019 river phosphorus cycles, through phosphorus sorption, reduced bioavailable phosphorus exports by 24%, potentially constraining Lake Erie cyanobacterial blooms by 61%. Over the last 45-years, phosphorus sorption has declined with suspended sediment exports due to increases in soil-erosion-minimizing agricultural practices, likely contributing to recent cyanobacterial blooms. In this, and likely other agricultural watersheds, rivers perform an unrecognized ecosystem service during high flow creating field-river-lake linkages that need to be incorporated into phosphorus management.

scholarly journals Global solutions to regional problems: Collecting global expertise to address the problem of harmful cyanobacterial blooms. A Lake Erie case study

Harmful Algae ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 223-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Bullerjahn ◽  
Robert M. McKay ◽  
Timothy W. Davis ◽  
David B. Baker ◽  
Gregory L. Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Global Solutions ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Regional Problems ◽  
Global Expertise

scholarly journals A Brief Review of the Structure, Cytotoxicity, Synthesis, and Biodegradation of Microcystins

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2147
Author(s):  
Anjali Krishnan ◽  
Xiaozhen Mou
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Exposure Pathway ◽  
Environmental Transformation ◽  
Cyclic Heptapeptide ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose an environmental health hazard due to the release of water-soluble cyanotoxins. One of the most prevalent cyanotoxins in nature is microcystins (MCs), a class of cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, and they are produced by several common cyanobacteria in aquatic environments. Once released from cyanobacterial cells, MCs are subjected to physical chemical and biological transformations in natural environments. MCs can also be taken up and accumulated in aquatic organisms and their grazers/predators and induce toxic effects in several organisms, including humans. This brief review aimed to summarize our current understanding on the chemical structure, exposure pathway, cytotoxicity, biosynthesis, and environmental transformation of microcystins.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of CYN, MC-LR and ANTX-a from Water by the Submerged Macrophyte Lemna trisulca

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kucała ◽  
Michał Saładyga ◽  
Ariel Kaminski
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Intracellular Pool ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Bg11 Medium ◽  
Total Pool ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Cyanotoxins are harmful to aquatic and water-related organisms. In this study, Lemna trisulca was tested as a phytoremediation agent for three common cyanotoxins produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Cocultivation of L. trisulca with Dolichospermum flos-aquae in BG11 medium caused a release of the intracellular pool of anatoxin-a into the medium and the adsorption of 92% of the toxin by the plant—after 14 days, the total amount of toxin decreased 3.17 times. Cocultivation with Raphidopsis raciborskii caused a 2.77-time reduction in the concentration of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in comparison to the control (62% of the total pool of CYN was associated with the plant). The greatest toxin limitation was noted for cocultivation with Microcystis aeruginosa. After two weeks, the microcystin-LR (MC-LR) concentration decreased more than 310 times. The macrophyte also influenced the growth and development of cyanobacteria cells. Overall, 14 days of cocultivation reduced the biomass of D. flos-aquae, M. aeruginosa, and R. raciborskii by 8, 12, and 3 times, and chlorophyll a concentration in comparison to the control decreased by 17.5, 4.3, and 32.6 times, respectively. Additionally, the macrophyte stabilized the electrical conductivity (EC) and pH values of the water and affected the even uptake of cations and anions from the medium. The obtained results indicate the biotechnological potential of L. trisulca for limiting the development of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and their toxicity.

scholarly journals Resilience of Microbial Communities after Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of a Eutrophic Lake to Suppress Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Tim Piel ◽  
Giovanni Sandrini ◽  
Gerard Muyzer ◽  
Corina P. D. Brussaard ◽  
Pieter C. Slot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Applying low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to lakes is an emerging method to mitigate harmful cyanobacterial blooms. While cyanobacteria are very sensitive to H2O2, little is known about the impacts of these H2O2 treatments on other members of the microbial community. In this study, we investigated changes in microbial community composition during two lake treatments with low H2O2 concentrations (target: 2.5 mg L−1) and in two series of controlled lake incubations. The results show that the H2O2 treatments effectively suppressed the dominant cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon klebahnii, Dolichospermum sp. and, to a lesser extent, Planktothrix agardhii. Microbial community analysis revealed that several Proteobacteria (e.g., Alteromonadales, Pseudomonadales, Rhodobacterales) profited from the treatments, whereas some bacterial taxa declined (e.g., Verrucomicrobia). In particular, the taxa known to be resistant to oxidative stress (e.g., Rheinheimera) strongly increased in relative abundance during the first 24 h after H2O2 addition, but subsequently declined again. Alpha and beta diversity showed a temporary decline but recovered within a few days, demonstrating resilience of the microbial community. The predicted functionality of the microbial community revealed a temporary increase of anti-ROS defenses and glycoside hydrolases but otherwise remained stable throughout the treatments. We conclude that the use of low concentrations of H2O2 to suppress cyanobacterial blooms provides a short-term pulse disturbance but is not detrimental to lake microbial communities and their ecosystem functioning.

Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

2007 ◽  
pp. 207-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Linkov ◽  
A. Fristachi ◽  
F. K. Satterstrom ◽  
A. Shifrin ◽  
J. Steevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Environmental controls of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in Chinese inland waters

Harmful Algae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 102127
Author(s):  
Hai Xu ◽  
Boqiang Qin ◽  
Hans W. Paerl ◽  
Kai Peng ◽  
Qingji Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

scholarly journals Isolation of axenic cyanobacterium and the promoting effect of associated bacterium on axenic cyanobacterium

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Gao ◽  
Yun Kong ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
Lihong Miao ◽  
Lipeng Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Purification Technique ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

Abstract Background Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have attracted wide attention all over the world as they cause water quality deterioration and ecosystem health issues. Microcystis aeruginosa associated with a large number of bacteria is one of the most common and widespread bloom-forming cyanobacteria that secret toxins. These associated bacteria are considered to benefit from organic substrates released by the cyanobacterium. In order to avoid the influence of associated heterotrophic bacteria on the target cyanobacteria for physiological and molecular studies, it is urgent to obtain an axenic M. aeruginosa culture and further investigate the specific interaction between the heterotroph and the cyanobacterium. Results A traditional and reliable method based on solid-liquid alternate cultivation was carried out to purify the xenic cyanobacterium M. aeruginosa FACHB-905. On the basis of 16S rDNA gene sequences, two associated bacteria named strain B905–1 and strain B905–2, were identified as Pannonibacter sp. and Chryseobacterium sp. with a 99 and 97% similarity value, respectively. The axenic M. aeruginosa FACHB-905A (Microcystis 905A) was not able to form colonies on BG11 agar medium without the addition of strain B905–1, while it grew well in BG11 liquid medium. Although the presence of B905–1 was not indispensable for the growth of Microcystis 905A, B905–1 had a positive effect on promoting the growth of Microcystis 905A. Conclusions The associated bacteria were eliminated by solid-liquid alternate cultivation method and the axenic Microcystis 905A was successfully purified. The associated bacterium B905–1 has the potentiality to promote the growth of Microcystis 905A. Moreover, the purification technique for cyanobacteria described in this study is potentially applicable to a wider range of unicellular cyanobacteria.

scholarly journals Molecular Verification of Bloom-forming Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Their Secondary Metabolites in the Nakdong River

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Kyung Park ◽  
Mi-Ae Kwon ◽  
Hae-Jin Lee ◽  
Jonghee Oh ◽  
Su-Heon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Nakdong River ◽  
Off Flavors ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
The Nakdong River ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Aphanizomenon spp. have formed harmful cyanobacterial blooms in the Nakdong River during spring, autumn, and now in winter, and the expansion of blooming period and area, associated with the global warming is predicted. The genus Aphanizomenon has been described to produce harmful secondary metabolites such as off-flavors and cyanotoxins. Therefore, the production of harmful secondary metabolites from the Aphanizomenon blooms in the Nakdong River needs to be monitored to minimize the risk to both water quality and public health. Here, we sampled the cyanobacterial blooms in the Nakdong River and isolated ten Aphanizomenon strains, morphologically classified as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet et Flahault 1888. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region nucleotide sequences confirmed this classification. We further verified the harmful secondary metabolites-producing potential of A. flos-aquae isolates and water samples containing cyanobacterial blooms using PCR with specific primer sets for genes involved in biosynthesis of off-flavor metabolites (geosmin) and toxins (microcystins, saxitoxins and cylindrospermopsins). It was confirmed that these metabolite biosynthesis genes were not identified in all isolates and water samples containing only Aphanizomenon spp. Thus, it is likely that there is a low potential for the production of off-flavor metabolites and cyanotoxins in Aphanizomenon blooms in the Nakdong River.

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