The impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on groundwater quality in an active volcanic/geothermal system under semi-arid climatic conditions: The case study of Methana peninsula (Greece)

2017 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D'Alessandro ◽  
S. Bellomo ◽  
L. Brusca ◽  
K. Kyriakopoulos ◽  
S. Calabrese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Impact assessment of climate change on hydro-climatic conditions of arid and semi-arid watersheds (case study: Zoshk-Abardeh watershed, Iran)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohadese Rahimpour ◽  
Mohamad Tajbakhsh ◽  
Hadi Memarian ◽  
Amirhosein Aghakhani Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Future Period ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
Temperature Component ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Far Future

Abstract The hydrologic cycle in the river basins of semi-arid regions is severely influenced by climate change. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of climate change on the hydro-climatic condition in Zoshk-Abardeh watershed in eastern Iran. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was calibrated using the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting – Version 2 (SUFI-2) algorithm to improve the simulation results of the runoff. The Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate-Earth System Models (MIROC-ESM) was used to investigate the effects of climate change on hydro-climatic components under the representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCPs: 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) and in near- (2014–2042), mid- (2042–2071), and far- (2072–2100) futures. The temperature component under the RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 during the near- and mid-future intervals and the far-future period (for RCP6.0) indicated a significant rising trend. The rainfall parameter in all RCPs and future intervals showed an insignificant descending trend. Runoff alterations under the RCP4.5 amid the mid- to far-future intervals and under the RCP8.5 throughout the far-future period trailed a significant descending trend. The results determined that the temperature will track an upward tendency, while precipitation and runoff will follow a descending trend in this watershed by the end of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Physicochemical indicators of the influence of a lined municipal landfill on groundwater quality: a case study from Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Przydatek ◽  
Włodzimierz Kanownik
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pollutant Migration ◽  
Leachate Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Concentrations

AbstractThe paper aims to determine the most significant physicochemical indicators of the effects that a lined landfill in southern Poland has had on groundwater quality. The results of the tests of groundwater and leachate water from the landfill for the period 2009 to 2016 were subjected to a detailed statistical analysis based on the 10 physicochemical parameters. A factor analysis was conducted considering the European Union and national requirements for landfills using analytical and statistical tools. The leachate contamination indicators from a landfill were analysed to reveal their interaction with the groundwater. The assessment indicated that there was an elevated and statistically significantly higher electrical conductivity and copper and total organic carbon concentrations in groundwater hydraulically downgradient of the landfill. The assessment also indicated that there were significant differences in the correlations between chemical parameters downgradient of the landfill and that there was a trend of increasing concentrations of some chemical constituents in groundwater. The adverse effects of the landfill were due to the deposited amount of waste exceeding 10 Mg per day. The impact was noticeable despite low and decreasing concentrations of heavy metals (Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) in the leachate. The deterioration of the chemical state of the groundwater in the landfill vicinity could result in the extended time of pollutant migration or mass transport in the irrigated soil medium due to the limited efficiency of the leachate intake system or sealing screen after more than 20 years of landfill operation.

Investigating the possible measure to protect groundwater from polluted streams in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: the Eastern Nile Delta case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Abd-Elaty ◽  
Martina Zelenakova ◽  
Salvatore Straface ◽  
Zuzana Vranayová ◽  
Mohamed Abu-hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Lower Permeability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in the Nile Delta. Unfortunately, it might be polluted by seepage from polluted streams. This study was carried out to investigate the possible measures  to  protect groundwater  in the Nile delta aquifer using a numerical model (MT3DMS - Mass Transport 3-Dimension Multi-Species). The sources of groundwater contamination were identified and the total dissolved solids (TDS) was taken as an indicator for the contamination. Different strategies were investigated for mitigating the impact of polluted water: i) allocating polluted drains and canals in lower permeability layers; ii)  installing cut-off walls in the polluted drains, and finally, iii) using lining materials in polluted drains and canals. Results indicated these measures effective to mitigate the groundwater pollution. In particular, the cut-off wall was effective for contamination reduction in shallow aquifers, whereas it had no effect in the deep aquifer, while lining materials in polluted drains and canals were able to prevent contamination and to protect the freshwater in the aquifers.  It is worth mentioning that this study was partially supported by a bilateral project between ASRT (Egypt) and CNR (Italy).</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa and assessment of risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tinto ◽  
S. Salinas ◽  
A. Dicko ◽  
T. S. Kagone ◽  
I. Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hospital Equipment

Abstract Although the African continent is, for the moment, less impacted than the rest of the world, it still faces the risk of a spread of COVID-19. In this study, we have conducted a systematic review of the information available in the literature in order to provide an overview of the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 pandemic in West Africa and of the impact of risk factors such as comorbidities, climatic conditions and demography on the pandemic. Burkina Faso is used as a case study to better describe the situation in West Africa. The epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in West Africa is marked by a continuous increase in the numbers of confirmed cases. This geographic area had on 29 July 2020, 131 049 confirmed cases by polymerase chain reaction, 88 305 recoveries and 2102 deaths. Several factors may influence the SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Africa: (i) comorbidities: diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure could lead to an increase in the number of severe cases of SARS-CoV-2; (ii) climatic factors: the high temperatures could be a factor contributing to slow the spread of the virus and (iii) demography: the West Africa population is very young and this could be a factor limiting the occurrence of severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in West Africa is relatively slow compared to European countries, vigilance must remain. Difficulties in access to diagnostic tests, lack of hospital equipment, but also the large number of people working in the informal sector (such as trading, businesses, transport and restoration) makes it difficult to apply preventive measures, namely physical distancing and containment.

Soil erosion controlled by biota along a climate gradient in Chile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Riveras ◽  
Kristina Witzgall ◽  
Victoria Rodríguez ◽  
Peter Kühn ◽  
Carsten W. Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Biological Soil Crust ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Rainfall Gradient ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>Soil erosion is one of the main problems in soil degradation nowadays and is widely distributed in many landscapes worldwide. Particularly water erosion is widespread and determined by rain erosivity, soil erodibility, topographic factors and the management carried out to mitigate this phenomenon. Although this process is mostly known as a consequence of human management such as agriculture or forestry, it is a process that also occurs naturally, being one of the factors that regulate the shape of the landscape.</p><p>One of the main agents that stabilize the soil surface is biota and its activity, either in the form of plants, microorganisms or as an assemblage in the form of a biological soil crust (biocrusts). However, there are limited studies about how and what extent biota drives soil-stabilizing processes. With particular view on the impact of biocrusts on soil erosion, most studies have been carried out in arid and semi-arid regions, so its influence under other climates is largely unknown.</p><p>This study focuses on the influence of biota on soil erosion in a temperature and rainfall gradient, covering four climate zones (arid, semi-arid, mediterranean and humid) with very limited human intervention. Other variables such as the origin of the geological formation, geographical longitude and glacial influence were kept constant for all study sites. The effect of vegetation (biocrusts) and its abundance, microbiology and terrain parameters are investigated using rainfall simulation experiments under controlled conditions and by a physico-chemical evaluation of the soil, surface runoff, percolation and sediment discharge, in order to determine the different environmental filtering effects that the soil develops under different climatic conditions.</p><p>It is expected that as vegetation vigor and cover increase, soil erodibility will decrease. The biocrust is the protagonist of this stabilization in conditions of low pedological development and will become secondary as edaphoclimatic conditions favor the colonization of plants.</p><p>The results of this study will help to achieve a better understanding of the role of biota in soil erosion control and will clarify its influence on soil losses under different climate and slope conditions. Analyses are currently ongoing and first results of our work will be presented at the EGU 2020.</p>

The impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on radial tree growth on the northern Kola Peninsula

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Chernen’kova ◽  
Yu. N. Bochkarev ◽  
M. Friedrich ◽  
T. Boettger
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors
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