Coastal dunefields of south Brazil as a record of climatic changes in the South American Monsoon System

Geomorphology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 22-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Ribau Mendes ◽  
Paulo César Fonseca Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Changes ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System ◽  
South Brazil

scholarly journals Environmental variability at the margin of the South American Monsoon System recorded by a high-resolution sediment record from Lagoa Dourada (South Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Zolitschka ◽  
An-Sheng Lee ◽  
Daniela Piraquive Bermúdez ◽  
Thomas Giesecke
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
South American ◽  
Sediment Record ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System ◽  
South Brazil

High-resolution geochemical and sedimentological data were analyzed for a lacustrine sediment record from Lagoa Dourada (South Brazil). Four distinctly different depositional processes were determined: (1) Suspension fallout of fine-grained minerogenic particles transferred via fluvial activity dominates the Early Holocene and relates to open grassland in the catchment area; (2) Activation of the karst hydrological system with deposition of massive sand layers indicates increased precipitation at the onset of the Middle Holocene; (3) Minerogenic sediments are replaced by organic deposition due to wetter climatic conditions with the development of forests, which together fostered pedogenesis with the release of dissolved nutrients during the Middle to Late Holocene; (4) Human-induced land-use change caused destabilization of soils in the catchment area with resulting cultural soil erosion between AD 1800 and 1950. These depositional trends are linked to intensity variations of the South American Monsoon System (SAMS). Two century-long climatic events detected by high-resolution XRF scanning data confirm this relationship and probably provide signals of the 8.2 ka event and the Little Ice Age (LIA). Both events document increased rainfall with complex responses of the environmental system. Our SAMS-induced consequences of past hydroclimatic variability on the environment of South Brazil provide background information for better evaluating model projections of future climate change.

scholarly journals Insolation and Greenhouse Gas Forcing of the South American Monsoon System Across Three Glacial‐Interglacial Cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Hou ◽  
André Bahr ◽  
Jacek Raddatz ◽  
Silke Voigt ◽  
Markus Greule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System

scholarly journals Late Quaternary Variations in the South American Monsoon System as Inferred by Speleothems—New Perspectives using the SISAL Database

Quaternary ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Deininger ◽  
Brittany Marie Ward ◽  
Valdir F. Novello ◽  
Francisco W. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System

Here we present an overview of speleothem δ18O records from South America, most of which are available in the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL_v1) database. South American tropical and subtropical speleothem δ18O time series are primarily interpreted to reflect changes in precipitation amount, the amount effect, and consequently history of convection intensity variability of convergence zones such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the South America Monsoon System (SAMS). We investigate past hydroclimate scenarios in South America related to the South American Monsoon System in three different time periods: Late Pleistocene, Holocene, and the last two millennia. Precession driven summertime insolation is the main driver of convective variability over the continent during the last 120 kyrs (from present day to 120 kyrs BP), including the Holocene. However, there is a dipole between speleothem δ18O records from western and eastern South America. Records located in the central region of Brazil are weakly affected by insolation-driven variability, and instead are more susceptible to the variability associated with the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). Cold episodic events in the Northern Hemisphere, such as Heinrich and Bond Events, and the Little Ice Age, increase the convective activity of the SAMS, resulting in increased precipitation amount in South America.

Moisture and heat budgets of the south American monsoon system: climatological aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 233-247
Author(s):  
Sâmia R. Garcia ◽  
Mary T. Kayano ◽  
Alan J. P. Calheiros ◽  
Rita Valéria Andreoli ◽  
Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de Souza
Keyword(s):  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System ◽  
Heat Budgets

scholarly journals Forecast Skill of the South American Monsoon System

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1883-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Jones ◽  
Leila M. V. Carvalho ◽  
Brant Liebmann
Keyword(s):  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Monsoon ◽  
Simple Index ◽  
Climatic Feature ◽  
Probabilistic Forecasts ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
South American Monsoon System ◽  
Environmental Prediction ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Abstract The South American monsoon system (SAMS) is the most important climatic feature in South America and is characterized by pronounced seasonality in precipitation. This study uses the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System, reforecasts version 2 (CFSRv2), to investigate the skill of probabilistic forecasts of onset and demise dates, duration, and amplitude of SAMS during 1982–2009. A simple index based on the empirical orthogonal function of precipitation anomalies is employed to characterize onsets, demises, durations, and amplitudes of SAMS. The CFSv2 model has useful skill to forecast seasonal changes in SAMS. Probabilistic forecasts of onset and demise dates have 16.5% and 43.3% improvements, respectively, over climatological forecasts. Verification of hindcasts of durations and amplitudes of SAMS shows relatively small biases and root-mean-square errors.

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