Soil physico-chemical properties are more important than microbial diversity and enzyme activity in controlling carbon and nitrogen stocks near Sydney, Australia

Geoderma ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 114201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinquan Li ◽  
Ming Nie ◽  
Elise Pendall
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks ◽  
Sydney Australia

scholarly journals Biological and biochemical properties in evaluation of forest soil quality

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Jarosław Lasota
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Density And Biomass

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using biological and biochemical parameters in the evaluation of forest soil quality and changes caused by land use. The study attempted to determine a relationship between the enzymatic activity of soil, the number of earthworms and soil physico-chemical properties. The study was carried out in central Poland in adjoining Forest Districts (Przedbórz and Smardzewice). In soil samples taken from 12 research plots, basic physico-chemical properties, enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, urease) and density and biomass of earthworms were examined. Enzyme activity showed a large diversity within the forest site types studied. The correlations between the activity of the enzymes studied and C/N ratio indicated considerable importance of these enzymes in metabolism of essential elements of organic matter of forest soils. Urease and dehydrogenase activity and earthworm number showed susceptibility to soil pH, which confirmed relationships between enzyme activity and abundance of earthworms and soil pH in H2O and KCl.

TINJAUAN MANFAAT KOMPOS DAN APLIKASINYA PADA BERBAGAI BIDANG PERTANIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyono
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Porosity Structure ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Structure Water ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Application of chemical fertilizer without adding organic mater causing land poor in nutrients and low of microbial diversity. It causes dedradation of land fertility. This situation can be solved by applying of compost. Nevertheless, macronutriens content of compost are low, it has advantages such as improving physical soil properties, soil permeability, porosity, structure, water holding capacity, etc.Compost application effect is depend on the type of plant and physico-chemical properties of soil, compost characteristics, doses and time of compost application. Compost aplication is agronomically and economically benefit for farming activities that is in line with the organic farming.Key words: Compost, fertilizer, agricultural

scholarly journals Ground cover rice production systems increase soil carbon and nitrogen stocks at regional scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 4831-4840 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Liu ◽  
M. Dannenmann ◽  
S. Lin ◽  
G. Saiz ◽  
G. Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract. Rice production is increasingly limited by water scarcity. Covering paddy rice soils with films (so-called ground cover rice production system: GCRPS) can significantly reduce water demand as well as overcome temperature limitations at the beginning of the growing season, which results in greater grain yields in relatively cold regions and also in those suffering from seasonal water shortages. However, it has been speculated that both increased soil aeration and temperature under GCRPS result in lower soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks. Here we report on a regional-scale experiment conducted in Shiyan, a typical rice-producing mountainous area of China. We sampled paired adjacent paddy and GCRPS fields at 49 representative sites. Measured parameters included soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks (to 1 m depth), soil physical and chemical properties, δ15N composition of plants and soils, potential C mineralization rates, and soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions at all sampling sites. Root biomass was also quantified at one intensively monitored site. The study showed that: (1) GCRPS increased SOC and N stocks 5–20 years following conversion from traditional paddy systems; (2) there were no differences between GCRPS and paddy systems in soil physical and chemical properties for the various soil depths, with the exception of soil bulk density; (3) GCRPS increased above-ground and root biomass in all soil layers down to a 40 cm depth; (4) δ15N values were lower in soils and plant leaves indicating lower NH3 volatilization losses from GCRPS than in paddy systems; and (5) GCRPS had lower C mineralization potential than that observed in paddy systems over a 200-day incubation period. Our results suggest that GCRPS is an innovative production technique that not only increases rice yields using less irrigation water, but that it also increases SOC and N stocks.

Enzyme Activity in Forest Gleysols

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Jarosław Lasota ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the enzymatic activity (dehydrogenase and urease) in trophically diverse Gleysols. Efforts to establish the relationship between enzymatic activity and physico-chemical properties of various subtypes of Gleysols were attempted. Dehydrogenase activity was best correlated with carbon content and acidity among the studied properties of soils. Urease activity was correlated with the reaction pf soil. Enzyme activity differentiates subtypes of Gleysols, which are characterized by a different type of soil humus. The dehydrogenase activity was higher in gleysols with peat or muck of swamp habitats. The opposite trend was found in the urease activity. The urease activity was the highest in the gleysols without organic matter. The studies showed that enzymatic activity is closely related to the type of accumulated organic matter and at the same time with species variety of plant communities..

scholarly journals Effects of postharvest Irvingia fruit wastes on soil microbial diversity and physico-chemical properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebimieowei Etebu ◽  
◽  
John M. A. Torunana ◽  
Josephine Aniso ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fruit Wastes

scholarly journals Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Metabolic Function Diversity in Soda Saline–Alkali Rice Paddy Fields of Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10095
Author(s):  
Yunke Qu ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Zhaoyang Li ◽  
Zihao Zhou ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Rice Rhizosphere ◽  
Physico Chemical

Western Jilin province has the most serious area of soda salinization in Northeast China, which affects and restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. The effects of physico-chemical properties of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil on soil microbial diversity and enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase, catalase, invertase, amylase) were evaluated in typical soda saline-alkali paddy field. Community-level physiological profile (CLPP) based on Biolog-ECO plates was used to assess the functional diversity of soil microorganisms. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and pH were negative correlated with the microbial activity (AWCD), soil enzyme activities (amylase, sucrose, and catalase, except for polyphenol oxidase) in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil (P < 0.05). The indexes of microbial diversity in rice rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil. The utilization of amino acids by rice rhizosphere microorganisms was relatively high, while non-rhizosphere soil had relatively high utilization of carboxylic acid, phenolic acid, and amine. Among the selected physico-chemical properties, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil water content (SWC) had the greatest influence on the variation of microbial diversity indexes and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil. ESP and pH showed a significant positive correlation with carbon source utilization, especially for amine (AM) and phenolic acid (PA) carbon source utilization (P < 0.05) by means of RDA, and the utilization rate of AM and PA carbon sources by rice rhizosphere and non-root soil microorganisms was P1 < P2 < P3.

scholarly journals Таблеткові суміші, що містять іммобілізований лізоцим і кверцетин: отримання, властивості

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Romanovska ◽  
S. S. Dekina ◽  
O. V. Sevastyanov ◽  
Ye. A. Rogozha
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Ph Profile ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Origin

Introduction. Lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17), which has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory actions is increasingly used in medicine in a different dosage forms: tablets, wound coatings, capsules, gels, etc. Tablet is a convenient dosage form for usage of lysozyme in combination with other biologically active substances. The targeted stabilization of enzyme by immobilization into polymeric matrices determines the relevance of tablet form development of complex compositions of lysozyme and quercetin.The aim of the study – development of tablet blends of complex preparation of immobilized lysozyme and quercetin, their quantitative determination and the study of the properties of active substances.Methods of the research. Lysozyme activity was determined by bacteriolytic method. The protein content was controlled according to Lowry-Hartree, quercetin – using zirconium chloride.Results and Discussion. Using the earlier obtained data about the interaction of lysozyme with polymeric supports of different origin and structure, for the development of tableting mixtures with lysozyme and quercetin, as polymeric binders the poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin were chosen. The comparative analysis of physico-chemical properties of immobilized in polymers lysozyme had shown prospects of gelatin usage as a matrice, which promotes widening of pH-profile of enzyme activity both in areas of acidic and alkaline pH values, stability in acidic media. For making the lysozyme and quercetin – containing tableting mixtures, the fillers, disintegrants, flavours and wet granulation method were chosen. The total preservation of lysozyme activity and quercetin content in obtained granules was shown.conclusions. Tablet mixtures with lysozyme and quercetin with usage of polymeric carriers of different origin and structure were developed. The analysis of biochemical and physico-chemical properties of immobilized lysozyme had shown prospects of gelatin usage as a matrice. Immobilization promotes widening of pH-profile of enzyme activity both in areas of acidic and alkaline pH values, stability in acidic media. 

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