Identification of the alteration of riparian wetland on soil properties, enzyme activities and microbial communities following extreme flooding

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 825-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ou ◽  
Alain N. Rousseau ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Baixing Yan ◽  
Thiago Gumiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Riparian Wetland ◽  
Extreme Flooding

scholarly journals Responses of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Chinese fir plantations of subtropical China

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 10359-10387 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. Dong ◽  
X. Y. Zhang ◽  
X. Y. Liu ◽  
X. L. Fu ◽  
F. S. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Nutrient Additions

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions to forest ecosystems are known to influence various above-ground properties, such as plant productivity and composition, and below-ground properties, such as soil nutrient cycling. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities and their functions respond to nutrient additions in subtropical plantations is still not complete. In this study, we added N and P to Chinese fir plantations in subtropical China to examine how nutrient additions influenced soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities. The results showed that most soil microbial properties were responsive to N and/or P additions, but responses often varied depending on the nutrient added and the quantity added. For instance, there were more than 30 % greater increases in the activities of β-Glucosidase (βG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the treatments that received nutrient additions compared to the control plot, whereas acid phosphatase (aP) activity was always higher (57 and 71 %, respectively) in the P treatment. N and P additions greatly enhanced the PLFA abundanceespecially in the N2P treatment, the bacterial PLFAs (bacPLFAs), fungal PLFAs (funPLFAs) and actinomycic PLFAs (actPLFAs) were about 2.5, 3 and 4 times higher, respectively, than in the CK. Soil enzyme activities were noticeably higher in November than in July, mainly due to seasonal differences in soil moisture content (SMC). βG or NAG activities were significantly and positively correlated with microbial PLFAs. There were also significant relationships between gram-positive (G+) bacteria and all three soil enzymes. These findings indicate that G+ bacteria is the most important microbial community in C, N, and P transformations in Chinese fir plantations, and that βG and NAG would be useful tools for assessing the biogeochemical transformation and metabolic activity of soil microbes. We recommend combined additions of N and P fertilizer to promote soil fertility and microbial activity in this kind of plantation.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities in the face of changing farming practices: A case study in an agricultural landscape in France

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252216
Author(s):  
Laurie Dunn ◽  
Christophe Lang ◽  
Nicolas Marilleau ◽  
Sébastien Terrat ◽  
Luc Biju-Duval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bacterial Richness ◽  
Over Time

According to biogeography studies, the abundance and richness of soil microorganisms vary across multiple spatial scales according to soil properties and farming practices. However, soil microorganisms also exhibit poorly understood temporal variations. This study aimed at better understanding how soil microbial communities respond to changes in farming practices at a landscape scale over time. A regular grid of 269 sites was set up across a 1,200 ha farming landscape, and soil samples were characterized for their molecular microbial biomass and bacterial richness at two dates (2011 and 2016). A mapping approach highlighted that spatial microbial patterns were stable over time, while abundance and richness levels were modified. The drivers of these changes were investigated though a PLS-PM (partial least square path-modeling) approach. Soil properties were stable over time, but farming practices changed. Molecular microbial biomass was mainly driven by soil resources, whereas bacterial richness depended on both farming practices and ecological parameters. Previous-crop and management effects and a temporal dependence of the microbial community on the historical farming management were also highlighted.

scholarly journals Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Microbial Diversity Measured on Seafloor Exposed Basalts from Loihi Seamount Indicate the Importance of Basalts to Global Biogeochemical Cycling

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
pp. 4854-4864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrna E. Jacobson Meyers ◽  
Jason B. Sylvan ◽  
Katrina J. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Basaltic Rock ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shelf Sediments ◽  
Potential Enzyme Activity

ABSTRACTSeafloor basalts are widely distributed and host diverse prokaryotic communities, but no data exist concerning the metabolic rates of the resident microbial communities. We present here potential extracellular enzyme activities of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) measured on basalt samples from different locations on Loihi Seamount, HI, coupled with analysis of prokaryotic biomass and pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The community maximum potential enzyme activity (Vmax) of LAP ranged from 0.47 to 0.90 nmol (g rock)−1h−1; theVmaxfor AP was 28 to 60 nmol (g rock)−1h−1. TheKmof LAP ranged from 26 to 33 μM, while theKmfor AP was 2 to 7 μM. Bacterial communities on Loihi basalts were comprised primarily ofAlpha-,Delta-, andGammaproteobacteria,Bacteroidetes, andPlanctomycetes. The putative ability to produce LAP is evenly distributed across the most commonly detected bacterial orders, but the ability to produce AP is likely dominated by bacteria in the ordersXanthomonadales,Flavobacteriales, andPlanctomycetales. The enzyme activities on Loihi basalts were compared to those of other marine environments that have been studied and were found to be similar in magnitude to those from continental shelf sediments and orders of magnitude higher than any measured in the water column, demonstrating that the potential for exposed basalts to transform organic matter is substantial. We propose that microbial communities on basaltic rock play a significant, quantifiable role in benthic biogeochemical processes.

Influence of the application of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on the properties of arsenic-polluted paddy soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056
Author(s):  
Lina Lin ◽  
Minling Gao ◽  
Xuewei Liu ◽  
Zhengguo Song
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Ternary Oxide ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Arsenic Fractionation

The effects of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on arsenic fractionation, soil enzyme activities, and microbial communities in arsenic-polluted soils were determined.

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