Effects of N fertilization and maize straw on the dynamics of soil organic N and amino acid N derived from fertilizer N as indicated by 15N labeling

Geoderma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiyan Lu ◽  
Huaihai Chen ◽  
Zhenzhen Teng ◽  
Lei Yuan ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
N Derived From Fertilizer ◽  
15N Labeling

Dynamics of nitrogen and dry-matter partitioning and accumulation in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in relation to extractable soil inorganic nitrogen

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Bowen ◽  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
P. M. A. Toivonen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Spring Planting ◽  
Extractable Soil ◽  
Soil Inorganic

The effects of six rates of N fertilization (0, 125, 250, 375, 500 and 625 kg N ha−1) on the dynamics of N utilization relative to extractable inorganic N in the soil profile were determined for broccoli in three growing seasons. The amount of pre-existing extractable inorganic N in the soil was lowest for the spring planting, followed by the early-summer then late-summer plantings. During the first 2 wk after transplanting, plant dry-matter (DM) and N accumulation rates were low, and because of the mineralization of soil organic N the extractable soil inorganic N increased over that added as fertilizer, especially in the top 30 cm. From 4 wk after transplanting until harvest, DM and N accumulation in the plants was rapid and corresponded to a rapid depletion of extractable inorganic N from the soil. At high N-fertilization rates, leaf and stem DM and N accumulations at harvest were similar among the three plantings. However, the rates of accumulation in the two summer plantings were higher before and lower after inflorescence initiation than those in the spring planting. Under N treatments of 0 and 125 kg ha−1, total N in leaf tissue and the rate of leaf DM accumulation decreased while inflorescences developed. There was little extractable inorganic soil-N during inflorescence development in plots receiving no N fertilizer, yet inflorescence dry weights and N contents were ≥50 and ≥30%, respectively, of the maxima achieved with N fertilization. These results indicate that substantial N is translocated from leaves to support broccoli inflorescence growth under conditions of low soil-N availability. Key words: N translocation, N fertilizer

Seasonal Dynamics of Fertilizer-Derived Hydrolysable NH3 in an Arable Soil of Northeast China

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
Hui Jie Lü ◽  
Hong Bo He ◽  
Xu Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Total N ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Residual Fertilizer N

Fertilizer applications to soil are widely known to be the most important anthropogenic sources to influence soil N turnover in agricultural ecosystems. More information is required on the relationships between soil organic N (SON) forms in order to predict the maintenance, transformation and stability of soil N. Accordingly, 15N-labeled (NH4)2SO4 (totally 200 kg N/ha) was applied to a maize crop throughout the entire growing period to investigate the distribution and the dynamics of fertilizer-derived N in hydrolyzable-NH3 fraction by measuring the labeled N in them. The accumulation of 15N in hydrolyzable-NH3 fraction was time-dependent although the total N concentration changed only slightly. The transformation of the residual fertilizer N to hydrolyzable-NH3-15N was maximal during the silking and grain filling stages, suggesting the fertilizer N was immobilized at an early stage during the growing period. The rapid decrease of 15N in hydrolyzable-NH3 pool indicated that hydrolyzable-NH3-15N was a temporary pool for fertilizer N retention and was able to release fertilizer N for uptake by the current crop

scholarly journals Comparative Metabolomics of Early Development of the Parasitic Plants Phelipanche aegyptiaca and Triphysaria versicolor

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Clermont ◽  
Yaxin Wang ◽  
Siming Liu ◽  
Zhenzhen Yang ◽  
Claude dePamphilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Parasitic Weeds ◽  
The Family ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Metabolomics ◽  
15N Labeling ◽  
Aspartate Family

Parasitic weeds of the family Orobanchaceae attach to the roots of host plants via haustoria capable of drawing nutrients from host vascular tissue. The connection of the haustorium to the host marks a shift in parasite metabolism from autotrophy to at least partial heterotrophy, depending on the level of parasite dependence. Species within the family Orobanchaceae span the spectrum of host nutrient dependency, yet the diversity of parasitic plant metabolism remains poorly understood, particularly during the key metabolic shift surrounding haustorial attachment. Comparative profiling of major metabolites in the obligate holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca and the facultative hemiparasite Triphysaria versicolor before and after attachment to the hosts revealed several metabolic shifts implicating remodeling of energy and amino acid metabolism. After attachment, both parasites showed metabolite profiles that were different from their respective hosts. In P. aegyptiaca, prominent changes in metabolite profiles were also associated with transitioning between different tissue types before and after attachment, with aspartate levels increasing significantly after the attachment. Based on the results from 15N labeling experiments, asparagine and/or aspartate-rich proteins were enriched in host-derived nitrogen in T. versicolor. These results point to the importance of aspartate and/or asparagine in the early stages of attachment in these plant parasites and provide a rationale for targeting aspartate-family amino acid biosynthesis for disrupting the growth of parasitic weeds.

scholarly journals Newly depolymerized large organic N contributes directly to amino acid uptake in young maize plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 689-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Lønne Enggrob ◽  
Charlotte Marie Jakobsen ◽  
Ingeborg Frøsig Pedersen ◽  
Jim Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Uptake ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Maize Plants

Effects of N fertilization and maize straw on the transformation and fate of labeled (15NH4)2SO4 among three continuous crop cultivations

2018 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiyan Lu ◽  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Huaihai Chen ◽  
Lei Yuan ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilization ◽  
Maize Straw

Fate and recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer urea applied to winter wheat in spring in the Canterbury region of New Zealand

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. HAYNES
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Organic N ◽  
European Research ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Almost All

15N-labelled fertilizer urea was applied at increasing rates (0–200 kg N/ha), in spring, to winter wheat crops in the Canterbury region of New Zealand in three successive seasons (1993/94, 1994/95 and 1995/96). Recovery of fertilizer N by the crop (grain, chaff, straw and roots) ranged from 43–58% (mean 48%). The quantity of fertilizer N retained in the soil (0–40 cm), at harvest, ranged from 26–42%. Of the labelled N present in the soil, over 95% was present in organic form and 60–80% was retained in the surface 0–10 cm layer. Since soil organic matter represents a substantial sink for fertilizer N there is a need to characterize the nature of this organic pool of N more fully. The quantity of inorganic N present in the soil profile at harvest ranged from 20–46 kg N/ha and labelled fertilizer-derived N contributed less than 16% (mean 9·2%) to this inorganic pool. Loss of fertilizer N from the crop/soil system (i.e., labelled N not recovered in the crop or soil at harvest) varied from 12–26% (mean 18%). Losses were attributed mainly to denitrification since conditions were not conducive for ammonia volatilization or leaching of nitrate. In agreement with European research, it was concluded that almost all of the N at risk of leaching over the winter originates from mineralization of soil organic N and not from unused fertilizer-N applied in spring.

scholarly journals Integrated Transcriptional and Proteomic Profiling Reveals Potential Amino Acid Transporters Targeted by Nitrogen Limitation Adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2171
Author(s):  
Qiong Liao ◽  
Tian-jiao Tang ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Hai-xing Song ◽  
Ying-peng Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
N Limitation ◽  
N Remobilization ◽  
Proteomic Analyses

Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth and crop productivity. Organic N is a major form of remobilized N in plants’ response to N limitation. It is necessary to understand the regulatory role of N limitation adaption (NLA) in organic N remobilization for this adaptive response. Transcriptional and proteomic analyses were integrated to investigate differential responses of wild-type (WT) and nla mutant plants to N limitation and to identify the core organic N transporters targeted by NLA. Under N limitation, the nla mutant presented an early senescence with faster chlorophyll loss and less anthocyanin accumulation than the WT, and more N was transported out of the aging leaves in the form of amino acids. High-throughput transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that N limitation repressed genes involved in photosynthesis and protein synthesis, and promoted proteolysis; these changes were higher in the nla mutant than in the WT. Both transcriptional and proteomic profiling demonstrated that LHT1, responsible for amino acid remobilization, were only significantly upregulated in the nla mutant under N limitation. These findings indicate that NLA might target LHT1 and regulate organic N remobilization, thereby improving our understanding of the regulatory role of NLA on N remobilization under N limitation.

scholarly journals Effect of N Fertilization Pattern on Rice Yield, N Use Efficiency and Fertilizer–N Fate in the Yangtze River Basin, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0166002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Huoyan Wang ◽  
Jianmin Zhou ◽  
Fengqin Hu ◽  
Dejin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yangtze River Basin ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
The Yangtze River Basin ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use
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