Tracing sediment sources in two paired agricultural catchments with different riparian forest and wetland proportion in southern Brazil

Geoderma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Laurent Caner ◽  
Jean Paolo Gomes Minella ◽  
André Pellegrini ◽  
Viviane Capoane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Agricultural Catchments

scholarly journals Comparison of the diet of Alouatta caraya (Primates: Atelidae) between a riparian island and mainland on the Upper Parana River, southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ludwig ◽  
Lucas M. Aguiar ◽  
Walfrido K. Svoboda ◽  
Carmen L. S. Hilst ◽  
Italmar T. Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Diet Breadth ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Alouatta Caraya ◽  
Parana River ◽  
Upper Paraná River

Howler monkeys (Alouatta Lacèpéde, 1799) are folivores-frugivores with flexible diets depending on conditions. Here, we compare the diets of Alouatta caraya (Humboldt, 1812) in two riparian forests (island and mainland), in Porto Rico region, Upper Paraná River, Southern Brazil. Howlers were followed from October 2004 to September 2005 in the riparian forest of a 1,050 ha island and in the continuous riparian forest on the mainland (left bank of the river). The "scan sampling" method with instantaneous samples every 15 minutes was used. Besides vines, diet breadth was similar: 17 species consumed on the island versus 16 species on the mainland. Both consumed leaves followed by fruits more than any other food type (leaves: island - 65%, mainland - 49%, fruits: island - 24%, mainland - 46%). Even though the plant Cecropia pachystachya Trécul is less abundant in the mainland it was the item most consumed in both locations all year long, which suggests its importance for the howlers. Diet also varied both seasonally and between the island and mainland, apparently following changes in local abundance of each item and due to plant phenologies.

scholarly journals Phenology of Guarea macrophylla Vahl (Meliaceae) in subtropical riparian forest in southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Müller ◽  
J. L. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Plant Behavior ◽  
The One ◽  
Reproductive Events ◽  
Early Occurrence

Abstract Climate is one of the main factors that affect plant behavior. The phenology of Guarea macrophylla Vahl, which is a small tree used for reforestation of degraded areas, was monitored for 18 months in a riparian forest at the Schmidt Stream, Campo Bom, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Vegetative (leaf fall and leaf flushing) and reproductive events were observed, with the latter divided into flowering (flower buds and anthesis) and fruiting (unripe, ripening and ripe fruit). Phenological events were related to temperature, photoperiod and precipitation and their seasonality was verified by circular statistical analysis. Vegetative phenophases were continuous; they were not related to climate factors and presented low intensity, emphasizing the perennial aspect of the species. Flowering occurred during spring and summer. Both flower buds and anthesis were related to temperature and photoperiod. Fruiting was constant and went through all stages of development. Unripe fruits developed during the months with the lowest photoperiod and ripen more intensely in winter, on colder days. Ripe fruit became available for dispersal in spring, in times of longer photoperiod and higher temperatures. Except for leaf fall, all other phenological events showed seasonality in their manifestation. The one-month difference between the onsets of the flowering phases observed in this study indicated that local climate changes induced the early occurrence of this phenophase.

Characterization of the epiphytic lichen vegetation in a riparian forest in southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Käffer ◽  
Renata Dantas ◽  
Suzana Martins
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen

scholarly journals The importance of riparian forest for the maintenance of bird species richness in an Atlantic Forest remnant, southern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz dos Anjos ◽  
Graziele H. Volpato ◽  
Edson V. Lopes ◽  
Patrícia P. Serafini ◽  
Fabíola Poletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Forest Remnant

We compared the composition and guild structure of bird communities of riparian and upland forest in an Atlantic forest reserve, the Godoy State Park (GP), in northern Paraná State, southern Brazil. Unlimited distance point counts were sampled monthly from September-December 2001, along four trails. Two trails in upland forest (TA and TB) were parallel to each other and about 300 m apart. Two trails in riparian forest (TC and TD) were along the Apertados River, about 100 m away from the river. A total of 145 species were recorded: 81 species were recorded in both upland and riparian forests, 19 species were recorded only in upland forest and 45 species were recorded exclusively in riparian forest. Among the 81 species occurring in both forest types, 18 species had significantly higher numbers of contacts in the riparian forest while only 8 species had significantly higher numbers of contacts in the upland forest. Taking into account the contacts numbers of the species the large frugivores guild was closely associated to the upland forest, while bamboo and vine-tangles insectivore, canopy insectivores, edge omnivores, ground omnivore and midstory insectivores were those more closely related to the riparian forest.

Tracing crop-specific sediment sources in agricultural catchments

Geomorphology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139-140 ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Blake ◽  
Katherine J. Ficken ◽  
Philip Taylor ◽  
Mark A. Russell ◽  
Desmond E. Walling
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Agricultural Catchments

scholarly journals Influence of Edaphic Attributes on the Distribution of Tree Species in a Riparian Forest in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Brucker Kelling ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Daniele Guarienti Rorato
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil

scholarly journals MORFOLOGIA DE FRUTO, SEMENTE E PLÂNTULA DE Sebastiania commersoniana, EUPHORBIACEAE

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Luiz Cosmo ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Jeniane Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Yoshiko Saito Kuniyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Cylindrical Axis ◽  
Alluvial Forest

Neste estudo, realizou-se a descrição morfológica de fruto, semente e plântula de Sebastiania commersoniana (Baillon) L. B. Smith & R. J. Downs (branquilho), espécie arbórea de ampla distribuição no sul do Brasil, especialmente nas planícies aluviais da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Foram obtidos frutos de dez matrizes em Engenheiro Bley, distrito da Lapa-PR. Para a descrição e ilustração do fruto e da semente, 50 amostras aleatórias foram analisadas. As sementes foram colocadas em rolo de papel-toalha, e em substrato comercial, postas para germinar em germinador Biomatic, a 25 oC. A espécie tem fruto deiscente do tipo esquizocarpáceo tricoca. A semente é carunculada, com hilo, rafe e micrópila visíveis sob lupa, tegumento papiráceo e endosperma oleaginoso, tendo dispersão autocórica e zoocórica. O embrião é dominante, axial, espatulado, com cotilédones foliáceos, cordiformes e eixo hipocótilo-radicular cilíndrico. A germinação iniciou-se por volta do terceiro e quarto dias após a instalação do teste, sendo a plântula epígea, fanerocotiledonar. Decorreram cerca de dez dias até a abertura dos paracotilédones e 15 dias até o início do desenvolvimento do epicótilo. Diversas características aqui descritas explicam, em parte, a eficiente e expressiva distribuição da espécie em sua área de ocorrência natural. Palavras-chave: Morfologia vegetal; germinação; floresta aluvial; floresta ciliar.   Abstract Morphology of the fruit, seed and seedling of Sebastiania commersoniana, Euphorbiaceae. This work consists on a morphological description of the fruit, seed and seedling of Sebastiania commersoniana (Baillon) L. B. Smith & R. J. Downs (branquilho), tree species with wide distribution in southern Brazil, especially in the floodplains of the Mixed Ombrophylous Forest. For this, they were obtained fruits of ten trees in the district of Engenheiro Bley, municipality of Lapa-PR. For description and illustration of the fruits and seeds, 50 random samples were used. For germination, seeds were placed on paper-towel and on commercial substrate, in Biomatic germinator, at 25 ºC. S. commersoniana has a dehiscent schizocarpic fruit, with three fruitlets. The albuminous seed has a papyraceous seed coat with caruncle, hilum, raphe and micropyle visible under magnifying glass. The embryo is dominant, axial, espatulate, with cordate, foliaceous cotyledons and cylindrical axis. The germination started up around the third and fourth days after the test installation and the seedling is epigeal, phanerocotyledonous. The opening of the paracotyledons and the beginning of the epicotyl development occurred about 15 days after the test installation. Several characteristics described in this paper explains, in part, the efficient and expressive distribution of this species in its area of natural occurrence.Keywords: Plant morphology; germination; alluvial forest; riparian forest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the environmental quality of a protected riparian forest in Southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Isabel Käffer ◽  
Suzana Maria de Azevedo Martins
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil

Tracing sediment sources in a subtropical rural catchment of southern Brazil by using geochemical tracers and near-infrared spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 478-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Laurent Caner ◽  
Jean Paolo Gomes Minella ◽  
Marcos Antonio Bender ◽  
Danilo Rheinheimer dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Geochemical Tracers ◽  
Rural Catchment

scholarly journals Erosion modeling and tracing sediment sources at Guarda Mor catchment in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Dambroz ◽  
Jean Minella ◽  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Jean Moura-Bueno ◽  
Felipe Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Sediment Fingerprinting ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Unpaved Roads ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Source Type

<p>Although sediment yield reflects a catchment’s erosive processes, material transfer from hillslopes to rivers depends on a series of phenomena occurring on variable and continuous range of scales. Physically based, distributed models can be used to evaluate erosion’s spatial variability within a catchment and to identify hotspots. Sediment fingerprinting allows source type discrimination based on sediment and soil properties. The analysis of these dynamic systems could be coupled by addressing hillslope processes with modeling, while fingerprinting enlightens the connection between them and the drainage network. We aimed to evaluate the erosive susceptibility and its spatial distribution in three environmentally fragile paired headwater catchments, nested within Guarda Mor catchment, located in the border of the volcanic plateau in southern Brazil. This catchment is characterized by intense agricultural use, diverse geology, and complex terrain. WATERSED model was used as a dynamic method to evaluate the spatial distribution of hydrologic and erosive fragility during rainfall events. WATERSED was parameterized for modeling surface runoff volume, sediment yield and interrill erosion, based on monitored data from a zero-order no-till catchment and literature data. Modeling results were analyzed for each land use. For fingerprinting, two sediment sampling strategies and source groupings were considered. One considered spatial sources, and the endmembers were the sub catchments, the other considered land use source types within each sub catchment. Deposited bed sediment samples were collected at the outlets of each sub catchment and the main outlet. Soil source samples were collected in crop fields, grasslands, stream channels, forests, and unpaved roads. Crop fields and grasslands compose the source type topsoil. Samples were analyzed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Artificial mixtures were made to calibrate the prediction models. Fifteen Support Vector Machine (SVM) models were built and independently trained. Modeled erosion indicates that the steepest areas and those near the drainage network can be the most susceptible to erosion and runoff. The spatial distribution of runoff-prone areas shows the connectivity from upper segments of these catchments increases with higher magnitude events. In fingerprinting, calibration results’ predictors show good performance by the models, validation results vary from poor to good. SVM models for unpaved roads and forest had the best validation performance. For sourcing tributaries, results and poor validation statistical results indicate the need to use different tracers, and to consider unsampled sources associated to soil and geological differences found downstream from the sub catchment’s outlets. As for the sub catchments, there is a variation among the main sediment sources and a significantly constant contribution from unpaved roads in all of them. Other important sources are topsoil and stream channels, while forests did not show significant contribution. These methodologies were useful in seeking a more holistic process understanding, as physical processes were addressed and later integrated with the resulting sediment yield. Despite the results are modelled, the complementation of their insights indicates that there is a possibility for validating the sediment fingerprinting technique once modelling is validated by monitored and measured data.</p>

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