The role of organic matter in ameliorating acid sulfate soils with sulfuric horizons

Geoderma ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 255-256 ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Michael ◽  
Rob Fitzpatrick ◽  
Rob Reid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Soils

Net N mineralisation in acid sulfate soils amended with different sources of organic matter, lime, and urea

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Nguyen My Hoa ◽  
Trinh Thi Thu Trang ◽  
Tran Kim Tinh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
N Mineralisation ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Aerobic Incubation ◽  
Upland Soil ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Soils

Acid sulfate soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, are often high in organic matter content, but net N mineralisation is low. This may be due to low soil pH or low easily decomposable organic matter content. This study aimed at investigating net N mineralisation in acid sulfate rice soil (anaerobic incubation) and acid sulfate upland soil (aerobic incubation) amended with 1% biogas sludge, 1% straw, 1% starch, 2.5‰ CaCO3 (about 10 t CaCO3/ha for acid sulfate soils), and 0.22‰ urea. Non-acid alluvial soils were used for comparison. Results showed that addition of straw and starch to acid sulfate rice soil decreased net N mineralisation, but addition of biogas sludge increased cumulative N-NH4 due to both the increase in soil pH after submergence and the supply of low C/N organic matter. Addition of biogas sludge can therefore increase N-supplying capacity in acid sulfate rice soil. During aerobic incubation of acid sulfate upland soil with biogas sludge, cumulative N (NH4 + NO3) was also increased compared with the control, although pH was not increased. It is concluded, therefore, that in acid sulfate soils in the Mekong Delta, the supply of easily decomposable organic matter with low C/N ratio can increase activity of microorganisms and hence increase net N mineralised compared with soils not supplied with biogas sludge. Liming can increase net N mineralisation in acid sulfate rice soil during anaerobic incubation, but not in acid sulfate upland soil during aerobic incubation. Addition of rice straw and starch to soil amended with urea increased N immobilisation; therefore, urea can be temporally immobilised in soils and hence may reduce loss of N in field conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of soil leaching and organic matter on Fe2+ concentration and rice yields in acid sulfate soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 824 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
N Nugroho ◽  
B Kurniasih ◽  
S N H Utami ◽  
W A Yusuf ◽  
I A Rumanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Soil Leaching ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Sulfate Soils

scholarly journals Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulfate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 6097-6113
Author(s):  
Joonas J. Virtasalo ◽  
Peter Österholm ◽  
Aarno T. Kotilainen ◽  
Mats E. Åström
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Metal Transport ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Gulf Of Bothnia ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Sulfate Soils ◽  
River Mouths

Abstract. Rivers draining the acid sulfate soils of western Finland are known to deliver large amounts of trace metals with detrimental environmental consequences to the recipient estuaries in the eastern Gulf of Bothnia, northern Baltic Sea. However, the distribution of these metals in the coastal sea area and the relevant metal transport mechanisms have been less studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution of metals in sediments at nine sites in the Kvarken Archipelago, which is the recipient system of Laihianjoki and Sulvanjoki rivers that are impacted by acid sulfate soils. The contents of Cd, Co, Cu, La, Mn, Ni, and Zn increased in the cores during the 1960s and 1970s as a consequence of intensive artificial drainage of the acid sulfate soil landscape. Metal deposition has remained at high levels since the 1980s. The metal enrichment in sea floor sediments is currently visible at least 25 km seaward from the river mouths. Comparison with sediment quality guidelines shows that the metal contents are very likely to cause detrimental effects on marine biota more than 12 km out from the river mouths. The dynamic sedimentary environment of the shallow archipelago makes these sediments potential future sources of metals to the ecosystem. Finally, the strong association of metals and nutrients in the same sediment grain size class of 2–6 µm suggests that the transformation of dissolved organic matter and metals to metal–organic aggregates at the river mouths is the key mechanism of seaward trace metal transport, in addition to co-precipitation with Mn oxyhydroxides identified in previous studies. The large share of terrestrial organic carbon in the total organic C in these sediments (interquartile range – 39 %–48 %) highlights the importance of riverine organic matter supply. These findings are important for the estimation of environmental risks and the management of biologically sensitive coastal sea ecosystems.

Linking organic matter composition in acid sulfate soils to pH recovery after re-submerging

Geoderma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 350-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Kölbl ◽  
Petra Marschner ◽  
Rob Fitzpatrick ◽  
Luke Mosley ◽  
Ingrid Kögel-Knabner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
Sulfate Soils

scholarly journals Management of acid sulfate soils under aerobic and anaerobic soil conditions revolves around organic matter and live plant macrophytes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Patrick Michael
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Practical Consideration ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sulfate Soils ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

In acid sulfate soils (ASS), it is well established that sulfuric soil acidity is managed by application of a neutralising agent and sulfidic soil oxidation is prevented by water table management. This review summarizes recent studies using organic matter in amelioration of sulfuric soil acidity and curtailing of sulfidic soil oxidation by discussing the changes induced on soil pH, Eh and sulfatecontents under varying soil moisture regimes. Increase in low pH, low Eh values and reduction in sulfate content have been observed in sulfuric and sulfidic soil following organic matter amendment under aerobic and anaerobic soil conditions. When organic matter co-existed with live plants, pH decreased with correspondingly high Eh values and high sulfate contents in almost all cases, even under anaerobic soil conditions. Practical consideration shows that application of organic matter by incorporation and spot application as surface mulch followed by establishment of plants under general soil use and management conditions create microniches conducive for root growth and negate the mechanisms that lead to severe acidification associated with live plants.

Comparison of peroxide-oxidisable sulfur and chromium- reducible sulfur methods for determination of reduced inorganic sulfur in soil

Soil Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sullivan ◽  
R. T. Bush ◽  
D. McConchie ◽  
G. Lancaster ◽  
P. G. Haskins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Inorganic Sulfur ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Sulfate Soils ◽  
Significant Interference

The rational management of acid sulfate soils requires analytical methods that provide reliable and accurate data on the content of reduced inorganic sulfur; it is this fraction that produces acid during oxidation. This study compared the utility of the chromium-reducible sulfur method for determining the reduced inorganic sulfur content of soil materials with methods based on oxidation using hydrogen peroxide. The results presented here indicate that methods involving oxidation by hydrogen peroxide for the determination of reduced inorganic sulfur are subject to significant interference by even minor amounts of sulfate minerals and organic matter, resulting in inaccurate determinations of reduced inorganic sulfur contents. In the presence of even minor amounts of gypsum, methods involving oxidation using hydrogen peroxide underestimated reduced inorganic sulfur contents by up to 0·167% sulfur, whereas in the presence of organic matter these methods overestimated reduced inorganic sulfur contents by up to 0·077% sulfur per cent organic carbon. The resulting errors in the determinations of reduced inorganic sulfur by hydrogen peroxide methods were often larger than the action criteria that are currently used to identify acid sulfate soils. Consequently, there is a risk of misidentification of acid sulfate soils (either false positive or false negative) for soils with low reduced inorganic sulfur contents when hydrogen peroxide methods are used. In contrast, the results from the chromium-reducible sulfur method do not appear to be affected by interferences from either gypsum or organic matter and this method appears to be more suitable for the determination of reduced inorganic sulfur in soils than methods based on oxidation using hydrogen peroxide.

Addition of organic matter influences pH changes in reduced and oxidised acid sulfate soils

Geoderma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jayalath ◽  
L.M. Mosley ◽  
R.W. Fitzpatrick ◽  
P. Marschner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Sulfate Soils
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