scholarly journals The short-term transport and transformation of phosphorus species in a saturated soil following poultry manure amendment and leaching

Geoderma ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 257-258 ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney D. Giles ◽  
Barbara J. Cade-Menun ◽  
Corey W. Liu ◽  
Jane E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phosphorus Species ◽  
Transport And Transformation

Short-Term Chemical Transformations Following Land Application of Poultry Manure

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 0382-0390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Crane ◽  
P. W. Westerman ◽  
M. R. Overcash
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals High-frequency NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> isotope (δ<sup>15</sup>N, δ<sup>18</sup>O) patterns in groundwater recharge reveal that short-term land use and climatic changes influence nitrate contamination trends

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Suchy ◽  
Leonard I. Wassenaar ◽  
Gwyn Graham ◽  
Bernie Zebarth
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Short Term

Abstract. Poultry manure is the primary source of nitrate (NO3−) exceedances in the transboundary Abbotsford-Sumas aquifer (Canada-USA) based on synoptic surveys two decades apart, but serious questions remained about seasonal and spatial aspects of agricultural nitrate fluxes to the aquifer to help better focus remediation efforts. We conducted over 700 monthly δ15N and δ18O of nitrate assays, focusing on newly recharged groundwater (

Short-term effects of three animal manures on soil pH and Al solubility

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. X. Naramabuye ◽  
R. J. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Soluble Organic Matter ◽  
Equilibrium Solutions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Ph Range

A short-term (3-day) equilibration experiment was carried out to determine the effects of 3 animal manures (poultry, pig, and cattle) added at a rate of 20 mg/g to an Oxisol on pH and the concentrations of total (AlT) and monomeric (AlMono) Al in solution. The pH of equilibrium solutions from the control, cattle, pig, and poultry manure treatments were 4.0, 4.6, 5.2, and 6.3, respectively. AlMono concentrations decreased progressively as pH increased but concentrations of AlT were similar in the pig and poultry manure treatments. Subsequent equilibration experiments examined the solubility of AlMono and AlT when the 3 manures were added to the Oxisol or a 40 um AlCl3 solution and pH was maintained at 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5. In both experiments, addition of manures generally tended to reduce the concentration of AlT in the lower pH range (4.0 and 4.5) but increase it in the higher range (pH 5.5 or 6.0 and above). Concentrations of AlMono, and the proportion of AlT present as AlMono, were reduced over the whole pH range. Results were explained in terms of the strong bonding ability of organic matter in both the solid and solution phases for Al. At lower pH, where Al is highly soluble, complexation by solid-phase organic matter results in a reduction in both AlT and AlMono. However, at higher pH, where Al solubility becomes limited, complexation of Al by soluble organic matter becomes an important mechanism and this results in an elevation in AlT, while concentrations of AlMono remain very low. It was concluded that the effects of manures in reducing concentrations of AlMono in soil solution are attributable to both an increase in pH and the complexing ability of organic matter for Al.

scholarly journals High-frequency NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> isotope (<i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N, <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O) patterns in groundwater recharge reveal that short-term changes in land use and precipitation influence nitrate contamination trends

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4267-4279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Suchy ◽  
Leonard I. Wassenaar ◽  
Gwyn Graham ◽  
Bernie Zebarth
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Isotope Data ◽  
Decadal Scale

Abstract. Poultry manure is the primary cause of nitrate (NO3-) exceedances in the transboundary Abbotsford–Sumas aquifer (ASA; Canada–USA) based on synoptic surveys two decades apart, but questions remained about seasonal and spatial aspects of agricultural nitrate fluxes to the aquifer to help better focus remediation efforts. We conducted over 700 monthly δ15N and δ18O of nitrate assays, focusing on shallow groundwater (< 5 years old) over a 5-year period to gain new insight on spatio-temporal sources and controls of groundwater nitrate contamination. NO3- concentrations in these wells ranged from 1.3 to 99 mg N L−1 (n=1041) with a mean of 16.2±0.4 mg N L−1. The high-frequency 15N and 18O isotope data allowed us to identify three distinctive NO3- source patterns: (i) primarily from synthetic fertilizer, (ii) dynamic changes in nitrate due to changes in land use, and (iii) from a mix of poultry manure and fertilizer. A key finding was that the source(s) of nitrate in recharge could be quickly influenced by short-term near-field management practices and stochastic precipitation events, which ultimately impact long-term nitrate contamination trends. Overall, the isotope data affirmed a subtle decadal-scale shift in agricultural practices from manure increasingly towards fertilizer nitrate sources; nevertheless, poultry-derived N remains a predominant source of nitrate contamination. Because the aquifer does not generally support denitrification, remediation of the Abbotsford–Sumas aquifer is possible only if agricultural N sources are seriously curtailed, a difficult proposition due to longstanding high-value intensive poultry and raspberry and blueberry operations over the aquifer.

Transport and Transformation of Selenium and Other Constituents of Flue-Gas Desulfurization Wastewater in Water-Saturated Soil Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhubhashini B. Galkaduwa ◽  
Ganga M. Hettiarachchi ◽  
Gerard J. Kluitenberg ◽  
Stacy L. Hutchinson ◽  
Lawrence Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Transport And Transformation ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Desulfurization Wastewater

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Ultrastructural Changes of Canine Kidneys During 24-Hour Perfusion on a LI-400 Preservation System

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 316-317
Author(s):  
M. O. Magnusson ◽  
D. G. Osborne ◽  
T. Shimoji ◽  
W. S. Kiser ◽  
W. A. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Midline Incision ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pentobarbital Anesthesia ◽  
Pulsatile Perfusion

Short term experimental and clinical preservation of kidneys is presently best accomplished by hypothermic continuous pulsatile perfusion with cryoprecipitated and millipore filtered plasma. This study was undertaken to observe ultrastructural changes occurring during 24-hour preservation using the above mentioned method.A kidney was removed through a midline incision from healthy mongrel dogs under pentobarbital anesthesia. The kidneys were flushed immediately after removal with chilled electrolyte solution and placed on a LI-400 preservation system and perfused at 8-10°C. Serial kidney biopsies were obtained at 0-½-1-2-4-8-16 and 24 hours of preservation. All biopsies were prepared for electron microscopy. At the end of the preservation period the kidneys were autografted.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

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