Impacts of elevated N inputs on north temperate forest soil C storage, C/N, and net N-mineralization

Geoderma ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 153 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Nave ◽  
E.D. Vance ◽  
C.W. Swanston ◽  
P.S. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil C Storage

Deer browsing effects on temperate forest soil nitrogen cycling shift from positive to negative across fertility gradients

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1281-1288
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M.A. Popma ◽  
Knute J. Nadelhoffer
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
High Nutrient

Herbivores impact soil biogeochemical processes, often increasing nutrient cycling rates under high nutrient availability and decreasing nutrient cycling rates under low nutrient availability. These patterns are far from universal, and interactions between habitat fertility and herbivore effects are under continuing investigation. By sampling inside and outside a network of deer exclosures, we determined deer browsing effects on temperate forest soil nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycling along a gradient of soil and litter C–N ratios across our network of sites. Deer browsing increased net N mineralization rates in high nutrient environments and decreased N mineralization rates in low nutrient environments, whereas browsing decreased CO2 respiration rates in high nutrient environments and increased CO2 respiration rates in low nutrient environments. Differences in deer browsing effects on soil processes could be explained by plant responses to herbivory across gradients of resource availability. To our knowledge, our study is one of the first to show that deer browsing can have significant effects on net N mineralization and C respiration in temperate forest soils and that the direction and magnitude of deer browsing effects on soil N and C cycling vary across fertility gradients.

scholarly journals Disturbance Effects on Soil Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Yanjiang Cai ◽  
Scott X Chang
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil C Storage ◽  
The Impact

Forests cover around 30% of the global land area and forest ecosystems can store over 70% of total soil organic carbon (SOC) of all terrestrial ecosystems, but SOC stocks and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may be affected by both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Even though the changes in forest soil C pool can have a significant effect on climate change, there are some contradictory results regarding the role of forest disturbance on SOC sequestration, GHG emissions, and the mitigation of global changes. Therefore, there is a need to better understand the impact of different disturbance regimes on forest soil C storage and GHG emissions. A Special Issue was therefore organized for discussing the responses of soil C storage and GHG emissions to various types of disturbances in forest ecosystems and a total of 15 studies were accepted for this special issue to assess these responses. This Special Issue includes the effects of storms and beetle outbreaks, Karstification, rock desertification, warming, nitrogen addition, land-use change, field tillage, and biochar application on soil C dynamics and/or GHG emissions.

scholarly journals Higher stand densities can promote soil carbon storage after conversion of temperate mixed natural forests to larch plantations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Na ◽  
Xiaoyang Sun ◽  
Yandong Zhang ◽  
Zhihu Sun ◽  
Johannes Rousk
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil C Storage ◽  
Soil C Sequestration

AbstractSoil carbon (C) reservoirs held in forests play a significant role in the global C cycle. However, harvesting natural forests tend to lead to soil C loss, which can be countered by the establishment of plantations after clear cutting. Therefore, there is a need to determine how forest management can affect soil C sequestration. The management of stand density could provide an effective tool to control soil C sequestration, yet how stand density influences soil C remains an open question. To address this question, we investigated soil C storage in 8-year pure hybrid larch (Larix spp.) plantations with three densities (2000 trees ha−1, 3300 trees ha−1 and 4400 trees ha−1), established following the harvesting of secondary mixed natural forest. We found that soil C storage increased with higher tree density, which mainly correlated with increases of dissolved organic C as well as litter and root C input. In addition, soil respiration decreased with higher tree density during the most productive periods of warm and moist conditions. The reduced SOM decomposition suggested by lowered respiration was also corroborated with reduced levels of plant litter decomposition. The stimulated inputs and reduced exports of C from the forest floor resulted in a 40% higher soil C stock in high- compared to low-density forests within 8 years after plantation, providing effective advice for forest management to promote soil C sequestration in ecosystems.

scholarly journals Microbial Mechanisms Mediating Increased Soil C Storage under Elevated Atmospheric N Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Eisenlord ◽  
Zachary Freedman ◽  
Donald R. Zak ◽  
Kai Xue ◽  
Zhili He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Soil C Storage

ABSTRACTFuture rates of anthropogenic N deposition can slow the cycling and enhance the storage of C in forest ecosystems. In a northern hardwood forest ecosystem, experimental N deposition has decreased the extent of forest floor decay, leading to increased soil C storage. To better understand the microbial mechanisms mediating this response, we examined the functional genes derived from communities of actinobacteria and fungi present in the forest floor using GeoChip 4.0, a high-throughput functional-gene microarray. The compositions of functional genes derived from actinobacterial and fungal communities was significantly altered by experimental nitrogen deposition, with more heterogeneity detected in both groups. Experimental N deposition significantly decreased the richness and diversity of genes involved in the depolymerization of starch (∼12%), hemicellulose (∼16%), cellulose (∼16%), chitin (∼15%), and lignin (∼16%). The decrease in richness occurred across all taxonomic groupings detected by the microarray. The compositions of genes encoding oxidoreductases, which plausibly mediate lignin decay, were responsible for much of the observed dissimilarity between actinobacterial communities under ambient and experimental N deposition. This shift in composition and decrease in richness and diversity of genes encoding enzymes that mediate the decay process has occurred in parallel with a reduction in the extent of decay and accumulation of soil organic matter. Our observations indicate that compositional changes in actinobacterial and fungal communities elicited by experimental N deposition have functional implications for the cycling and storage of carbon in forest ecosystems.

Assessment of soil carbon storage and nutrient contents in some wetlands soils of the northeastern region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Arafat Rahman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
Humyra B Murshed ◽  
MJ Uddin ◽  
ASM Mohiuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil C Storage ◽  
Land Types

An investigation was carried out in four designated wetlands to assess soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and evaluate soil nutrients of the northeastern Sylhet basin of Bangladesh. SOC storage was the highest in the Nikli wetland (4.1 Tg), followed by Hakaluki (4.0 Tg), Hail (2.8 Tg) and Balai wetland soils (2.6 Tg) at 100 cm depths. It is found that the total soil C storage across the medium low land (MLL) and low land (LL) sites covering the four wetlands of the Sylhet basin is about 13.5Tg. C storage across the MLL and LL sites at 100 cm depths was estimated about 5.1Tg and 8.4Tg respectively. It is found that SOC storage was higher in the low land sites in contrast to medium low land sites. The soil property varies depending on land types, soil depths and spatial distributions. Among the investigated wetland soils, Hakaluki wetland stored higher amount of SOC in the deeper soil layers whereas an inverse relationship between soil depth and SOC storage was noted for rest of the wetlands. It is apprehended that SOC storage thus gradually lessening in greater magnitude due to climate change and other anthropogenic reasons. An integrated management approach should be developed to restore the SOC sink. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(1): 115-124, 2021 (January)

Soil type, land-use and -management as drivers of root-C inputs and soil C storage in the semiarid pampa region, Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Frasier ◽  
Alberto Quiroga ◽  
Romina Fernández ◽  
Cristian Álvarez ◽  
Florencia Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Pampa Region ◽  
Soil C Storage ◽  
Land Use And Management

The initial rate of C substrate utilization and longer-term soil C storage

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Smith ◽  
J. M. Bell ◽  
H. Bolton ◽  
V. L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Initial Rate ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil C Storage

Organic based integrated nutrient management scheme enhances soil carbon storage in rainfed rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Parijat Saikia ◽  
Kushal Kumar Baruah ◽  
Satya Sundar Bhattacharya ◽  
Chandrima Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Soil C Storage

Soil organic carbon (C) management in agricultural fields can act improve soil health and productivity. However, reports on the C release pattern and the interactive effects of plant physiological parameters on soil C storage from subtropical regions of the world where rice is cultivated as a dominant food crop are inadequate. The interactions between plant metabolism, soil C storage, and organic-based nutrient management schemes have been little studied. Hence, a study was undertaken in rainfed winter rice to evaluate the effects of different levels of organics (crop residue (CR) and farmyard manure (FYM)) along with inorganic (NPK) inputs in an alluvial soil. The experiment was conducted in a typical humid subtropical climate in north-eastern India. The CR of the preceding rice crop (pre-monsoon) and cow dung based FYM were used as organic inputs for monsoon rice, which were applied in various combinations with inorganic fertilisers. We studied the influence of these selected nutrient management schemes on soil health attributes, C storage, and plant parameters. The highest gain in C storage (11.65%) was in soil under 80% NPK + CR (5 t ha–1) + FYM (10 t ha–1) treatment. Correspondingly, significant improvement (P < 0.05) in total C, dissolved organic C, and nitrogen availability in soil was evident under this treatment leading to augmentation of soil organic matter status and the net amount of sequestered C in soil after two years of rice cultivation. Such improvements resulted in greater flag leaf photosynthesis, biomass accumulation, and grain yield than the conventionally managed crops. Overall, this research showcases that organic-dominated nutrient management not only restored soil health but was also able to compensate 20% of the recommended NPK fertilisation without penalty on crop yield.

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