Clay accumulation and argillic-horizon development as influenced by aeolian deposition vs. local parent material on quartzite and limestone-derived alluvial fans

P.E. Elliott; P.J. Drohan

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.03.017

Isotopic Approach to Soil Carbonate Dynamics and Implications for Paleoclimatic Interpretations

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1006/qres.1994.1054 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 60-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Elise G. Pendall ◽

Jennifer W. Harden ◽

Sue E. Trumbore ◽

Oliver A. Chadwick

Keyword(s):

Isotope Composition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Parent Material ◽

Alluvial Fans ◽

Stable Isotope Composition ◽

Water Penetration ◽

Modern Soil ◽

Constant Rate ◽

Soil Carbonate ◽

Soil Age

AbstractThe radiocarbon content and stable isotope composition of soil carbonate are best described by a dynamic system in which isotopic reequilibration occurs as a result of recurrent dissolution and reprecipitation. Depth of water penetration into the soil profile, as well as soil age, determines the degree of carbonate isotope reequilibration. We measured δ13C, δ18O and radiocarbon content of gravel rinds and fine (<2 mm) carbonate in soils of 3 .different ages (1000, 3800, and 6300 14 C yr B.P.) to assess the degree to which they record and preserve a climatic signal. In soils developing in deposits independently dated at 3800 and 6300 radiocarbon yr B.P., carbonate radiocarbon content above 40 cm depth suggests continual dissolution and reprecipitation, presumably due to frequent wetting events. Between 40 and 90 cm depth, fine carbonate is dissolved and precipitated as rinds that are not redissolved subsequently. Below 90 cm depth in these soils, radiocarbon content indicates that inherited, fine carbonate undergoes little dissolution and reprecipitation. In the 3800- and 6300-yr-old soils, δ13C in rind and fine carbonate follows a decreasing trend with depth, apparently in equilibrium with modern soil gas, as predicted by a diffusive model for soil CO2. δ18O also decreases with depth due to greater evaporative enrichment above 50 cm depth. In contrast, carbonate isotopes in a 1000-yr-old deposit do not reflect modern conditions even in surficial horizons; this soil has not undergone significant pedogenesis. There appears to be a lag of at least 1000 but less than 3800 yr before carbonate inherited with parent material is modified by ambient climatic conditions. Although small amounts of carbonate are inherited with the parent material, the rate of pedogenic carbonate accumulation indicates that Ca is derived primarily from eolian and rainfall sources. A model describing carbonate input and radiocarbon decay suggests that fine carbonate below 90 cm is mostly detrital (inherited) and that carbonate rinds have been forming pedogenically at a constant rate since alluvial fans were deposited.

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Properties and mineralogy of topsoil in the town of Longyearbyen (Spitsbergen, Norway)

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247419000251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 102-114

Author(s):

Wojciech Szymański ◽

Janusz Siwek ◽

Michał Skiba ◽

Bronisław Wojtuń ◽

Aleksandra Samecka-Cymerman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Urban Soils ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Parent Material ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Natural Properties ◽

Local Parent ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

The Town ◽

And Chemical Properties

AbstractSoil is one of the most important constituents of an ecosystem, playing a crucial role in many environmental reactions and processes. Despite the fact that many environmental studies were conducted in the vicinity of Longyearbyen, very little is known about the physical and chemical properties as well as mineralogy of soils occurring in this town. Thus, the main aims of this study were: (1) to determine the texture, chemical properties and mineralogy of the topsoil horizons of urban soils occurring in the Longyearbyen area (Spitsbergen, Norway); and (2) to determine and explain their spatial distribution within the area of Longyearbyen. In general, the topsoils are characterised by loamy texture; acidic reaction; quite high content of total organic carbon (TOC); high content of Si, Al and Fe; and low content of K, Na, Ca, Mg and P. Quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, mica and chlorite are the prevailing minerals. Differences in the concentration of TOC, total nitrogen and elements in the topsoils are mainly related to the diversity of texture and mineralogy of the local parent material and the development of vegetation cover. The results indicate that topsoils in Longyearbyen are characterised by the natural properties and are not strongly transformed by human activity. However, pollution of soil with trace elements related to coal mining should be checked.

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Gypsic soils on the Kane alluvial fans, Big Horn County, Wyoming

10.3133/b1590c ◽

1987 ◽

Keyword(s):

Alluvial Fans

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Guidelines for the geologic evaluation of debris-flow hazards on alluvial fans in Utah

10.34191/mp-05-6 ◽

2005 ◽

Keyword(s):

Debris Flow ◽

Alluvial Fans

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Contributions to the Knowledge of Sandy Soils from Oltenia Plain

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.20.1.7831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 192-200

Author(s):

Anca-Luiza Stanila ◽

Catalin Cristian Simota ◽

Mihail Dumitru

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Sandy Soils ◽

Physical Geography ◽

Parent Material ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Small Water ◽

Wind Characteristic ◽

The One ◽

Physical And Chemical

Highlighting the sandy soil of Oltenia Plain calls for a better knowledge of their variability their correlation with major natural factors from each physical geography. Pedogenetic processes specific sandy soils are strongly influenced by nature parent material. This leads, on the one hand, climate aridity of the soil due to strong heating and accumulation of small water reserves, consequences emphasizing the moisture deficit in the development of the vegetation and favoring weak deflation, and on the other hand, an increase in mineralization organic matter. Relief under wind characteristic sandy land, soil formation and distribution has some particularly of flat land with the land formed on the loess. The dune ridges are less evolved soils, profile underdeveloped and poorly supplied with nutrients compared to those on the slopes of the dunes and the interdune, whose physical and chemical properties are more favorable to plant growth.Both Romanati Plain and the Blahnita (Mehedinti) Plain and Bailesti Plain, sand wind shaped covering a finer material, loamy sand and even loess (containing up to 26% clay), also rippled with negative effects in terms of overall drainage. Depending on the pedogenetic physical and geographical factors that have contributed to soil cover, in the researched were identified following classes of soils: protisols, cernisols, cambisols, luvisols, hidrisols and antrosols.Obtaining appropriate agricultural production requires some land improvement works (especially fitting for irrigation) and agropedoameliorative works. Particular attention should be paid to preventing and combating wind erosion.

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