Pore morphology changes under tillage and no-tillage practices

Fabien Hubert; Vincent Hallaire; Paul Sardini; Laurent Caner; Djilali Heddadj

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.08.017

Diversity of the bacterial community in the rice rhizosphere managed under conventional and no-tillage practices

The Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s12275-013-2528-8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 747-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zubair Aslam ◽

Muhammad Yasir ◽

Hwan Sik Yoon ◽

Che Ok Jeon ◽

Young Ryun Chung

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

No Tillage ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Rice Rhizosphere

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Forms of phosphorus in an oxisol under different soil tillage systems and cover plants in rotation with maize

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832014000300029 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 972-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arminda Moreira de Carvalho ◽

Mercedes Maria da Cunha Bustamante ◽

Zayra Azeredo do Prado Almondes ◽

Cícero Célio de Figueiredo

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Organic P ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Spontaneous Vegetation ◽

Labile P

Phosphorus fractions play a key role in sustaining the productivity of acid-savanna Oxisols and are influenced by tillage practices. The aim of this study was to quantify different P forms in an Oxisol (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo) from the central savanna region of Brazil under management systems with cover crops in maize rotation. Three cover crops (Canavalia brasiliensis, Cajanus cajan (L.), and Raphanus sativus L.) were investigated in maize rotation systems. These cover crops were compared to spontaneous vegetation. The inorganic forms NaHCO3-iP and NaOH-iP represented more than half of the total P in the samples collected at the depth of 5-10 cm during the rainy season when the maize was grown. The concentration of inorganic P of greater availability (NaHCO3-iP and NaOH-iP) was higher in the soil under no-tillage at the depth of 5-10 cm during the rainy season. Concentrations of organic P were higher during the dry season, when the cover crops were grown. At the dry season, organic P constituted 70 % of the labile P in the soil planted to C. cajan under no-tillage. The cover crops were able to maintain larger fractions of P available to the maize, resulting in reduced P losses to the unavailable pools, mainly in no-tillage systems.

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Comparison of soil CO2 emissions from three different tillage methods on chernozem soil

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14675 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Márton Dencső ◽

Ágota Horel ◽

Zsófia Bakacsi ◽

Eszter Tóth

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Chernozem Soil ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

The Difference ◽

Tillage Methods

Tillage practices influence soil CO2 emissions, hence many research investigate the long-term effects of conservation and conventional tillage methods e.g. ploughing and no-tillage on soil greenhouse gas emission.The experiment site is an 18-years-old long-term tillage trial established on chernozem soil. During 2020, we took weekly CO2 emission measurements in the mouldboard ploughing (MP), no-tillage (NT), and shallow cultivation (SC) treatments Tillage depth was 26-30 cm, 12-16 cm and 0 cm in the cases of MP, SC and NT respectively. The experiment was under wither oat cultivation.We investigated the similarity in the CO2 emission trends of SC to MP or NT treatments. Besides CO2 emission measurements, we also monitored environmental parameters such as soil temperature (Ts) and soil water content (SWC) in each treatment.During the investigated year (2020 January - December) SC had higher annual mean CO2 emission (0.115&#177;0.083 mg m-2 s-1) compared to MP (0.099&#177;0.089 mg m-2 s-1) and lower compared to NT (0.119&#177;0.100 mg m-2 s-1). The difference of the CO2 emissions was significant between SC and MP (p<0.05); however, it was not significant between SC and NT (p>0.05) treatments. The Ts dependency of CO2 emission was moderate in all treatments. CO2 emissions were moderately depended on SWC in MP and SC, and there was no correlation between these parameters in NT.The annual mean CO2 emission of the SC treatment was more similar to the NT, than to the MP treatment.

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Effect of Tillage, Previous Crop, and N Fertilization on Agronomic and Economic Performances of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under Rainfed Semi-Arid Environment

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1161

Author(s):

Amir Souissi ◽

Haithem Bahri ◽

Hatem Cheikh M’hamed ◽

Mohamed Chakroun ◽

Salah Benyoussef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Arid Environment ◽

N Fertilization ◽

No Tillage ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Previous Crop ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Gross Margins ◽

N Use ◽

Semi Arid

The implementation of conservation agriculture (CA) remains crucial for facing interannual variability in climatic conditions that impact durum wheat production and food security. The current work was conducted to assess the effects of the tillage practice, previous crop, and nitrogen (N) fertilization rate on the agronomic and economic performances of rainfed durum wheat in a semi-arid environment in Tunisia. Tillage practices included no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Preceding crops were either a common vetch or a bread wheat. The N rates applied were: 0, 75, 100, 120, and 140 kg N ha−1. Our results show that, based on a 2-year experiment, tillage practices are not affecting grain yield, grain N, and gross margins. However, the N-use efficiency of durum wheat was significantly higher when wheat was grown using NT. Grain yield and N content in grain were 340 kg ha−1 and 0.34%; much higher after vetch than after bread wheat. For both tillage practices, the merit of 75 kg N ha−1 is paramount to maximize yield through a more efficient use of available N. Our results highlight the importance of no-tillage-based CA combined with rotation, including vetch, on enhanced yields, N-use efficiency, and gross margins. These findings provide the evidence of the positive impact of CA for rainfed durum wheat under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions.

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Comparison of Application Methods and Tillage Practices on Volatilization of Clomazone

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00030670 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 323-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Kurt D. Thelen ◽

James J. Kells ◽

Donald Penner

Keyword(s):

Field Trials ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

No Tillage ◽

Minimum Tillage ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Surface Application ◽

Application Methods

Field trials were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to determine the effect of incorporation on volatilization of clomazone from soil. Volatilization was detected up to 2 weeks after surface-applied or soil-incorporated treatments of clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha. The amount of volatilization detected was greatest following rainfall and varied between years. More clomazone volatilized after surface application than after incorporation, regardless of the climatic conditions present. Clomazone volatilization detected was in the order of no-tillage > minimum tillage > conventional tillage.

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Impact of tillage on physical characteristics in a Mollisol of Northeast China

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/245/2014-pse ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 309-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chen XW ◽

Liang AZ ◽

Jia SX ◽

Zhang XP ◽

Wei SC

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Crop Production ◽

Soil Management ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

No Tillage ◽

Physical Quality ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Soil Physical Quality ◽

Moldboard Plow

Soil management is aimed at the maintenance of optimal soil physical quality for crop production. In order to explore the effects of tillage practices on soil physical properties, a study was conducted to compare the effects of no tillage (NT), moldboard plow (MP) and ridge tillage (RT) on soil bulk density (BD), soil penetration resistance (SPR), soil water content (SWC), soil macroporosity (MAC) and soil air-filled porosity (AFP) in Northeast China. Results showed that both NT and RT led to significant BD increment than MP at 0–20 cm (P < 0.05). Compared with MP, NT and RT increased SPR at the depths of 2.5–17.5 cm (P < 0.05). SWC of 0–10 cm layer was significantly higher in NT and RT than MP soils (P < 0.05). NT showed a significantly lower MAC than MP and RT at 0–20 cm soil depths (P < 0.05). All AFP values were above the limit of 0.10 cm3/cm3 under all tillage treatments. RT improved the soil physical quality as evidenced by decreased BD and SPR, and increased SWC, MAC and AFP relative to NT.

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Conservation tillage increases in soil water storage, soil animal populations, grain yield, and response to fertiliser in the semi-arid subtropics

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9950223 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 223 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

BJ Radford ◽

AJ Key ◽

LN Robertson ◽

GA Thomas

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Conservation Tillage ◽

Water Storage ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Soil Animal ◽

Soil Macrofauna ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Animal Populations

We compared 4 tillage practices (traditional, stubble mulch, reduced, no tillage) during 10 years under rainfed conditions on an alluvial soil in the semi-arid subtropics of central Queensland. In the final 4 years, responses to applied fertiliser nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) were determined. We measured soil water storage, soil nitrate accumulation, grain yield (sorghum, wheat), grain protein content, and populations of soil macrofauna, with the aim of identifying soil-conserving practices that also produce high yields of high quality grain. Stubble mulch, reduced tillage, and no tillage all outyielded traditional tillage when soil fertility was adequate. With applied N, S, and Zn, the mean wheat yields from traditional, stubble mulch, reduced, and no tillage were 2.44, 3.32, 3.46, and 3.64 t/ha, respectively. The yield responses to tillage practices were due to increases in storage of soil water or efficiency of crop water use or both. Populations of soil macrofauna averaged (per m2) 19 (traditional tillage), 21 (stubble mulch), 33 (reduced tillage), and 44 (no tillage). The effect of the tillage practices on soil animal populations may be a factor contributing to the measured differences in soil water storage and water use efficiency. We conclude that conservation tillage practices can greatly increase grain yields, provided crop and fallow management practices are appropriate. Potential yield advantages are realised if crop establishment, crop nutrition; and control of weeds, bests, and diseases ark adequate.

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Production of summer crops in northern New South Wales. II. Effects of tillage and crop rotation on yields of sorghum

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9920123 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 123 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

JF Holland ◽

DF Herridge

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Threshold Value ◽

No Tillage ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

South Wales ◽

Carry Over ◽

One Year ◽

N Fertility ◽

Rotation Crop

Two crops of sorghum were grown in successive summer seasons at 3 sites on alkaline, black earth soils near Tamworth, New South Wales following either soyabeans, mungbeans, cowpeas, pigeonpeas, sunflowers or sorghum. Tillage practices were cultivation using a chisel plough and scarifier, and no-tillage using atrazine and glyphosate for weed control. Variation in grain yield (1.0-8.4 t/ha) was largely associated with variation in Dec.-Feb. rainfall (128-475 mm). An average of 15 kg grain/ha was produced for each mm water above the threshold value of 83 mm. At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpeas were the best rotation crop, followed by sunflowers mungbeans and soyabeans. At the low N-fertility site, sorghum following cowpeas outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots and by an aExperiments to examine the effects of tillage practice and crop sequence on the production of sorghum grain in northern New South Wales are described. Two crops of sorghum were grown in successive seasons at three sites on alkaline, black earth soils near Tamworth following either soybean, mungbean, cowpea, pigeonpea, sunflower or sorghum. Tillage practices were cultivation using a chisel plough and scarifier, and no-tillage using atrazine and glyphosate for weed control. Variation in grain yield (1.0 to 8.4 t/ha) was largely associated with variation in December-February rainfall (128 to 475 mm). We calculated that an average of 15 kg/ha of grain was produced for each mm water above the threshold value of 83 rnm. At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean. At the low N-fertility site, sorghum following cowpea outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots and by an average of 27% over all N treatments. It is likely that the increased yields of sorghum in the rotation plots resulted from higher levels of plant available N from both N2 fixation activity (legumes only) and reduced amounts of N removed with the harvested grain (particularly cowpea and sunflower). At the non-responsive, moderate-fertility Site B, water, rather than N, was limiting. Responses to no-tillage were apparent only in the very dry 1984/85 season (December to February rainfall, 42% below average). In the other three seasons, the cultivated crops outyielded the no-tilled crops or the differences between the two practices were not significant.

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Evaluation of Tillage and Herbicide Interaction forAmaranthusControl in Cotton

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-12-00089.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 298-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jessica A. Kelton ◽

Andrew J. Price ◽

Michael G. Patterson ◽

C. Dale Monks ◽

Edzard van Santen

Keyword(s):

Conservation Tillage ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Systems Research ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Tillage Operation ◽

Almost All ◽

Tillage Operations

Amaranthuscontrol in cotton can be difficult with the loss of glyphosate efficacy, especially in conservation-tillage cropping systems. Research was conduction from 2006 to 2008 at EV Smith Research Center, Shorter, AL, to determine the level of glyphosate-susceptibleAmaranthuscontrol provided by four initial tillage and herbicide treatments, including 1) moldboard plowing followed by a single-pass disking and field cultivation plus pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ai ha−1preplant incorporation (PPI), 2) two-pass disking followed by field cultivation plus pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ha−1PPI, 3) no tillage including an application of pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ha−1PRE, or 4) no tillage without pendimethalin in 2006. No further tillage practices or pendimethalin applications were utilized after study initiation. Initial tillage operations, including inversion with disking or disking twice, resulted inAmaranthusdensity of ≤ 4 plants m−2and 47 to 82% control, whereas no-tillage treatments had ≥ 4 plants m−2and 14 to 62% control. Subsequent applications of PRE herbicides included fluometuron at 1.68 kg ai ha−1or prometryn at 1.12 kg ai ha−1and provided 53 to 98% and 55 to 93% control, respectively, and reducedAmaranthusdensity compared to no PRE herbicide to < 2 plants m−2, regardless of tillage treatment. A POST application of glyphosate at 1.0 kg ae ha−1improved control in conjunction with almost all treatments in each year. Results indicate that a one-time tillage operation followed by a return to reduced tillage may aid in the reduction ofAmaranthusdensity when used with PRE-applied herbicides; however, this system will likely not provide adequate control when high population densities of glyphosate-resistantAmaranthusare present, thus highlighting the need for a highly efficacious POST herbicide system.

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Microbial properties in European arable soils with different tillage systems

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10240 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Deborah Linsler ◽

Jacqueline Gerigk ◽

Ilka Schmoock ◽

Rainer Georg Jörgensen ◽

Martin Potthoff

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Biomass Carbon ◽

Site Specific ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Tillage Practices

Reduced tillage is assumed to be a suitable practice to maintain and promote microbial biomass and microbial activity in the soil. The microbial biomass in particular is considered as a sensitive indicator for detecting soil disturbances. The objective of this study was to quantify the influence of different tillage practices on microbial parameters in the soil. Furthermore, we analyzed the relation of those microbial parameters with site-specific conditions.To get a deeper insight in that topic, soils from different fields of agricultural farms with different tillage practices in France (12 fields), Romania (15 fields) and Sweden (17 fields) were examined within the &#8220;SoilMan project&#8221;. The tillage practices were no-tillage (absence of any tillage), minimum tillage (non-inversion tillage for instance by chisel plough or cultivator) and conventional tillage (inversion tillage by ploughing), all of which were carried out for at least five years prior to sampling. Soil samples were taken in spring 2018 from all fields under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) at three soil depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm). As microbial parameters we measured microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents, ergosterol contents (as proxy for fungi) and basal respiration rates. For site-specific conditions we measured soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents, texture, pH and the soil water content.Results show that microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were more affected by soil type and soil texture as well as climatic conditions (mean precipitation and temperature) than by tillage practices. For instance, an increased clay content had a positive effect on the microbial biomass and, in addition to the higher average annual temperature, explained the generally low values &#8203;&#8203;in France. The lack of inversion tillage primarily led to stratified levels of soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and ergosterol contents, which can be explained by the lack of crop residue incorporation. There were hardly any differences in microbial indicators between the tillage intensities when looking at the whole of the sampled soil profile (0-30 cm). In France, the microbial biomass carbon / soil organic carbon ratio was lower for no-tillage than for conventional tillage, which may indicate, among other things, that the mechanically ground organic matter incorporated into the soil under conventional tillage was better colonized by microorganisms. However, this effect could not be confirmed in the other countries. The metabolic quotient was generally increased at the lowest sampled depth (20-30 cm), irrespective of the cultivation.We can conclude that the soil tillage intensity influenced the distribution of microbial biomass carbon and soil organic carbon contents more strongly than the total amounts in the sampled soil profile and that the soil texture had a greater impact on microbial soil properties than the agricultural management practice.

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