A survey for phylogenetic relationship; presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance patterns of avian pathogenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from poultry and humans in Yazd, Iran

Gene Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 100725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Bakhshi ◽  
Hengameh Zandi ◽  
Mehdi Fatahi Bafghi ◽  
Akram Astani ◽  
Vahid Reza Ranjbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Virulence Genes and Association with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Boroumand ◽  
Asghar Sharifi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Ghatei ◽  
Mohsen Sadrinasab
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains, encoding superficial and secretory virulence factors, can lead to colonization and facilitation of bacterial growth in the host urinary tract, causing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Objectives: This study determined the ability of biofilm formation by the Congo red agar (CRA) method, the presence of virulence genes using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance patterns and virulence genes in E. coli clinical isolates in Yasuj. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 144 UPEC isolates collected in 2017. Biofilm formation was detected by the CRA phenotypic assay and virulence factors by the multiplex PCR method. Antibiotic resistance tests were performed by the Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Out of 144 isolates of E. coli, 22 (19.4%) isolates showed to be strong biofilm producers, 27 (23.8%) moderate biofilm producers, and 64 (56.3%) weak biofilm producers. A significant relationship was observed between biofilm-producing strains and resistance to ampicillin (P = 0.020) and cotrimoxazole (P = 0.038). The virulence genes in strong biofilm producers included iutA (95%), FimH (93%), ompT (90%), PAI (90%), and TraT (81%) genes. The phylogroup B2 carried the most virulence genes. A significant correlation was observed between E. coli phylogenetic groups and aer (P = 0.019), iroN (P = 0.042), and ompT (P = 0.032) virulence genes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a high prevalence of virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains capable of biofilm formation. The results of this study may help elucidate the pathogenesis of UPEC and facilitate better treatment strategies for patients with UTIs in this geographic area.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) for the First Time in Layer Farms in Bangladesh and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Ievy ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Md. Abdus Sobur ◽  
Mithun Talukder ◽  
Md. Bahanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
First Time

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes significant economic losses in poultry industries. Here, we determined for the first time in Bangladesh, the prevalence of APEC-associated virulence genes in E. coli isolated from layer farms and their antibiotic resistance patterns. A total of 99 samples comprising internal organs, feces, and air were collected from 32 layer farms. Isolation was performed by culturing samples on eosin–methylene blue agar plates, while the molecular detection of APEC was performed by PCR, and antibiograms were performed by disk diffusion. Among the samples, 36 were positive for the APEC-associated virulence genes fimC, iucD, and papC. Out of 36 isolates, 7, 18, and 11 were positive, respectively, for three virulence genes (papC, fimC, and iucD), two virulence genes, and a single virulence gene. Although the detection of virulence genes was significantly higher in the internal organs, the air and feces were also positive. The antibiograms revealed that all the isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline; 97.2%, to chloramphenicol and erythromycin; 55.5%, to enrofloxacin; 50.0%, to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin; 19.4%, to streptomycin; 11.1%, to colistin; and 8.33%, to gentamicin. Interestingly, all the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis revealed the strongest significant correlation between norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin resistance. This is the first study in Bangladesh describing the molecular detection of APEC in layer farms. Isolated APEC can now be used for detailed genetic characterization and assessing the impact on public health.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and O-Serogroups in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Iraqi Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Mohammed Allami ◽  
Mohammadreza Sharifmoghaddam ◽  
Masoumeh Bahreini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: The O-antigen is one of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) virulence factors used as a biomarker to classify E. coli strains. Objectives: In this study, the relationship between antibiotic resistance patterns and O-serogroups was investigated in UPEC strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in southern Iraq. Methods: Methods: A total of 100 UPEC isolates from the urine specimens of patients with UTIs within the age range of 4 months to 78 years in various southern Iraqi hospitals were collected (May 2017 to January 2018) and confirmed using biochemical tests (e.g., Analytical Profile Index 20E). Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The multiple polymerase chain reaction technique was applied to investigate the prevalence of O-serogroups. Results: Results: The most frequent serogroups in the E. coli isolates were O8 (27.7%) and O25 (24.4%); however, serogroup O83 was not observed in the samples. Serogroups O75, O6, O16, and O18 had the lowest frequency (1.1%) among the examined isolates. Furthermore, 10% of the isolates did not belong to any of the examined serogroups. The phenotypic tests showed that the highest and the lowest resistance belonged to piperacillin (92%) and imipenem (5%), respectively. Serogroups O4 and O21 showed the highest drug resistance; nevertheless, serogroups O75, O18, and O1 showed the lowest drug resistance. Additionally, 94% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Conclusions: Conclusion: According to the results, UPEC isolates showed high resistance to common antibiotics; however, they were sensitive to imipenem and amikacin. Serogroups O8 and O25 were the most common among UPEC isolates. Moreover, O4 and O21 showed the highest drug resistance. There was a direct relationship between antimicrobial resistance and O-serogroups in UPEC isolates.

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