Erratum to M. Mangalo, F. Einsiedl, R. U. Meckenstock and W. Stichler (2008) “Influence of the enzyme dissimilatory sulfite reductase on stable isotope fractionation during sulfate reduction”, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 72, 1513–1520

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2692
Author(s):  
Florian Einsiedl
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation

scholarly journals Sulfur Isotope Effects of Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Leavitt ◽  
Alexander S. Bradley ◽  
André A. Santos ◽  
Inês A.C. Pereira ◽  
David T. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Effect ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Isotopic Fractionation ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Sulfate Reducers ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase

The precise interpretation of environmental sulfur isotope records requires a quantitative understanding of the biochemical controls on sulfur isotope fractionation by the principle isotope-fractionating process within the S cycle, microbial sulfate reduction (MSR). Here we provide the only direct observation of the major (34S/32S) and minor (33S/32S,36S/32S) sulfur isotope fractionations imparted by a central enzyme in the energy metabolism of sulfate reducers, dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DsrAB). Results from in vitro sulfite reduction experiments allow us to calculate the in vitro DsrAB isotope effect in34S/32S (hereafter,34ϵDsrAB) to be 15.3±2‰, 2σ. The accompanying minor isotope effect in33S, described as33λDsrAB, is calculated to be 0.5150±0.0012, 2σ. These observations facilitate a rigorous evaluation of the isotopic fractionation associated with the dissimilatory MSR pathway, as well as of the environmental variables that govern the overall magnitude of fractionation by natural communities of sulfate reducers. The isotope effect induced by DsrAB upon sulfite reduction is a factor of 0.3 to 0.6 times prior indirect estimates, which have ranged from 25 to 53‰ in34ϵDsrAB. The minor isotope fractionation observed from DsrAB is consistent with a kinetic or equilibrium effect. Our in vitro constraints on the magnitude of34ϵDsrABis similar to the median value of experimental observations compiled from all known published work, where34ϵr-p= 16.1‰ (r – pindicates reactant versus product, n = 648). This value closely matches those of MSR operating at high sulfate reduction rates in both laboratory chemostat experiments (34ϵSO4-H2S= 17.3±1.5‰) and in modern marine sediments (34ϵSO4-H2S= 17.3±3.8‰). Targeting the direct isotopic consequences of a specific enzymatic processes is a fundamental step toward a biochemical foundation for reinterpreting the biogeochemical and geobiological sulfur isotope records in modern and ancient environments.

Stable isotope fractionation by Clostridium pasteurianum. 1.34S/32S: inverse isotope effects during SO42− and SO32− reduction

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. L. McCready ◽  
E. J. Laishley ◽  
H. R. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Isotopic Effects

During growth on minimal salts – sucrose media supplemented with various concentrations (10−4–10−2 M) of sodium sulfate, Clostridium pasteurianum grew at a normal rate and only evolved sulfide in late stages of growth on 10−2 M SO42−. The evolved sulfide was slightly enriched in 34S as compared to the medium sulfur. On the other hand, sulfide was evolved during growth on all concentrations of sulfite tested. Large normal and inverse isotopic effects were observed in the evolved sulfide during SO32− reductions. In contrast, the intracellular sulphur showed much smaller fractionations. The complexity of the isotopic patterns suggests that a dissimilatory sulfite reductase system may be induced by high concentrations of sulfite.

scholarly journals Unravelling the process of petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation in different filter materials of constructed wetlands by stable isotope fractionation and labelling studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Watzinger ◽  
Melanie Hager ◽  
Thomas Reichenauer ◽  
Gerhard Soja ◽  
Paul Kinner
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Filter Materials

AbstractMaintaining and supporting complete biodegradation during remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater in constructed wetlands is vital for the final destruction and removal of contaminants. We aimed to compare and gain insight into biodegradation and explore possible limitations in different filter materials (sand, sand amended with biochar, expanded clay). These filters were collected from constructed wetlands after two years of operation and batch experiments were conducted using two stable isotope techniques; (i) carbon isotope labelling of hexadecane and (ii) hydrogen isotope fractionation of decane. Both hydrocarbon compounds hexadecane and decane were biodegraded. The mineralization rate of hexadecane was higher in the sandy filter material (3.6 µg CO2 g−1 day−1) than in the expanded clay (1.0 µg CO2 g−1 day−1). The microbial community of the constructed wetland microcosms was dominated by Gram negative bacteria and fungi and was specific for the different filter materials while hexadecane was primarily anabolized by bacteria. Adsorption / desorption of petroleum hydrocarbons in expanded clay was observed, which might not hinder but delay biodegradation. Very few cases of hydrogen isotope fractionation were recorded in expanded clay and sand & biochar filters during decane biodegradation. In sand filters, decane was biodegraded more slowly and hydrogen isotope fractionation was visible. Still, the range of observed apparent kinetic hydrogen isotope effects (AKIEH = 1.072–1.500) and apparent decane biodegradation rates (k = − 0.017 to − 0.067 day−1) of the sand filter were low. To conclude, low biodegradation rates, small hydrogen isotope fractionation, zero order mineralization kinetics and lack of microbial biomass growth indicated that mass transfer controlled biodegradation.

Effects of food quality, starvation and life stage on stable isotope fractionation in Collembola

Pedobiologia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Haubert ◽  
Reinhard Langel ◽  
Stefan Scheu ◽  
Liliane Ruess
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation

Magnesium stable isotope fractionation in marine biogenic calcite and aragonite

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 5797-5818 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wombacher ◽  
A. Eisenhauer ◽  
F. Böhm ◽  
N. Gussone ◽  
M. Regenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation

Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Fractionation of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals in a Mesoscale Aquifer Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 5729-5739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide K. V. Schürner ◽  
Michael P. Maier ◽  
Dominik Eckert ◽  
Ramona Brejcha ◽  
Claudia-Constanze Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation
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