Optimisation of the melt-spinning of anthracene oil-based pitch for isotropic carbon fibre preparation

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Díez ◽  
Patricia Álvarez ◽  
Ricardo Santamaría ◽  
Clara Blanco ◽  
Rosa Menéndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Isotropic Carbon ◽  
Anthracene Oil ◽  
Fibre Preparation

scholarly journals Low Energy Impact Performance of Interleaved Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Laminates

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 096369350000900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Yuan ◽  
J. Karger-Kocsis ◽  
L. Ye
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
Multiple Impact ◽  
Isotropic Carbon ◽  
Falling Weight ◽  
Modified Epoxy

Cross-ply and quasi-isotropic carbon fibre reinforced epoxy (CF/EP) laminates were toughened by addition of interleaves, which consisted of either a modified epoxy resin or random PET mat embedded in a modified epoxy resin. Impact and multiple impact performances of the laminates were studied using an instrumented falling weight impact tester. A simple model was used to correlate the performance of the laminates under multiple impact.

Upscaling of lignin precursor melt spinning by bicomponent spinning and its use for carbon fibre production

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2209) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bostan ◽  
Omid Hosseinaei ◽  
Renate Fourné ◽  
Axel S. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Spin Carrier

Upscaling lignin-based precursor fibre production is an essential step in developing bio-based carbon fibre from renewable feedstock. The main challenge in upscaling of lignin fibre production by melt spinning is its melt behaviour and rheological properties, which differ from common synthetic polymers used in melt spinning. Here, a new approach in melt spinning of lignin, using a spin carrier system for producing bicomponent fibres, has been introduced. An ethanol extracted lignin fraction from LignoBoost process of commercial softwood kraft black liquor was used as feedstock. After additional heat treatment, melt spinning was performed in a pilot-scale spinning unit. For the first time, biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a spin carrier to enable the spinning of lignin by improving the required melt strength. PVA-sheath/lignin-core bicomponent fibres were manufactured. Afterwards, PVA was dissolved by washing with water. Pure lignin fibres were stabilized and carbonized, and tensile properties were measured. The measured properties, tensile modulus of 81.1 ± 3.1 GPa and tensile strength of 1039 ± 197 MPa, are higher than the majority of lignin-based carbon fibres reported in the literature. This new approach can significantly improve the melt spinning of lignin and solve problems related to poor spinnability of lignin and results in the production of high-quality lignin-based carbon fibres. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 2)’.

Characterisation and feasibility as carbon fibre precursors of isotropic pitches derived from anthracene oil

Fuel ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Berrueco ◽  
Patricia Álvarez ◽  
Noel Díez ◽  
Marcos Granda ◽  
Rosa Menéndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Anthracene Oil

Modification of isotropic carbon fibre precursor with PVC using tetraline as a solvent

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mochida ◽  
Y. Korai ◽  
M. Nakamura ◽  
S. In ◽  
B. Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Fibre Precursor ◽  
Isotropic Carbon

EM of rapidly solidified permanent magnets

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Raja K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Dark Field Image ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Quench Rate ◽  
Maximum Energy Product ◽  
Energy Product ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

The discovery of a new class of permanent magnets based on Nd2Fe14B phase in the last decade has led to intense research and development efforts aimed at commercial exploitation of the new alloy. The material can be prepared either by rapid solidification or by powder metallurgy techniques and the resulting microstructures are very different. This paper details the microstructure of Nd-Fe-B magnets produced by melt-spinning.In melt spinning, quench rate can be varied easily by changing the rate of rotation of the quench wheel. There is an optimum quench rate when the material shows maximum magnetic hardening. For faster or slower quench rates, both coercivity and maximum energy product of the material fall off. These results can be directly related to the changes in the microstructure of the melt-spun ribbon as a function of quench rate. Figure 1 shows the microstructure of (a) an overquenched and (b) an optimally quenched ribbon. In Fig. 1(a), the material is nearly amorphous, with small nuclei of Nd2Fe14B grains visible and in Fig. 1(b) the microstructure consists of equiaxed Nd2Fe14B grains surrounded by a thin noncrystalline Nd-rich phase. Fig. 1(c) shows an annular dark field image of the intergranular phase. Nd enrichment in this phase is shown in the EDX spectra in Fig. 2.

In situ TEM observations of melting in nanosized eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions embedded in Al

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 986-987
Author(s):  
S. Hagège ◽  
U. Dahmen ◽  
E. Johnson ◽  
A. Johansen ◽  
V.S. Tuboltsev
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Eutectic System ◽  
In Situ Tem ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Transmission Electron

Small particles of a low-melting phase embedded in a solid matrix with a higher melting point offer the possibility of studying the mechanisms of melting and solidification directly by in-situ observation in a transmission electron microscope. Previous studies of Pb, Cd and other low-melting inclusions embedded in an Al matrix have shown well-defined orientation relationships, strongly faceted shapes, and an unusual size-dependent superheating before melting.[e.g. 1,2].In the present study we have examined the shapes and thermal behavior of eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions in Al. Pb and Cd form a simple eutectic system with each other, but both elements are insoluble in solid Al. Ternary alloys of Al (Pb,Cd) were prepared from high purity elements by melt spinning or by sequential ion implantation of the two alloying additions to achieve a total alloying addition of up to lat%. TEM observations were made using a heating stage in a 200kV electron microscope equipped with a video system for recording dynamic behavior.

Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) on multiphase polymer materials

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
H.-J. Cantow ◽  
M. Kunz ◽  
M. Möller
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Specific Energy Loss ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Multicomponent Polymer ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Image Planes

In transmission electron microscopy the natural contrast of polymers is very low. Thus the contrast has to be enhanced by staining with heavy metals. The resolution is limited by the size of the staining particles and by the fact that electrons with different energy are focused in different image planes due to the chromatic aberration of the magnetic lenses. The integration of an electron energy loss spectrometer into the optical coloumn of a transmission electron microscope offers the possibility to use monoenergetic electrons and to select electrons with a certain energy for imaging. Thus contrast and resolution are enhanced. By imaging only electrons with an element specific energy loss the element distribution in the sample can be obtained. In addition, elastic bright field images and diffraction patterns yield excellent resolution. Some applications of the method on multicomponent polymer materials are discussed.Bulk polymer samples were prepared by ultramicrotoming at room temperature or well below the glass transition temperature. Very thin films for the direct observation of the structure in semicrystalline polymers were obtained by melt-spinning. Specimens were examined with a ZEISS CEM 902 operated at 80 kV.

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