Intensity of red deer browsing on young rowans differs between freshly-felled and standing individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan Konôpka ◽  
Jozef Pajtík ◽  
Lisa A. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Deer Browsing

Low intensities of red deer browsing constrain rowan growth in mature boreal forests of western Norway

Ecoscience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. M. Speed ◽  
Erling L. Meisingset ◽  
Gunnar Austrheim ◽  
Alison J. Hester ◽  
Atle Mysterud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Western Norway

scholarly journals Effects of browsing on the condition and development of regeneration of trees in the region of Rýchory (KRNAP)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Petr Čermák ◽  
Pavel Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
National Park ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
Sycamore Maple ◽  
Heavy Damage

In the region of Rýchory (KRNAP – the Krkonoše National Park), effects of roe deer and red deer browsing on the condition and development and natural and artificial regeneration of stands was studied in 2003–2004. Winter and summer browsing were observed in 14 couples of plots (always one with mechanical protection, the second without the protection) and in one control couple in a wintering preserve for red deer. In both years, winter browsing predominated in the region and thus, it is possible to suppose that roe deer was the main browser. As for natural regeneration, silver fir (26% in winter 2003), rowan (36% in winter 2003) and sycamore maple (26% in winter 2004) were the most damaged species. In artificial regeneration, silver fir damage predominated (68% in winter 2003). In the wintering game preserve with the high winter concentration of red deer, damage to all trees exceeded 40% and heavy damage showed also species slightly damaged out of the preserve such as spruce (63%) and beech (75%). Artificial regeneration was damaged more markedly than natural regeneration in all terms of monitoring. The percentage of browsing damage increased with the distance of the additional feeding device.

scholarly journals Einfluss der Naturprozesse, waldbaulicher Massnahmen und Schutzmassnahmen auf die Erhaltung der Eibe im Naturreservat Pavelcovo, Slowakei | The effect of natural processes, silvicultural and protective measures on the conservation of common yew in the Nature Reserve Pavelcovo, Slovakia

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Saniga ◽  
Peter Jaloviar
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Common Beech ◽  
Forest Typology ◽  
Regeneration Processes

The study analysed a 15-years experiment focusing on the effect of silvicultural treatment (increment thinning) and red deer browsing on the structure and regeneration processes of common yew (Taxus baccata L.) on a series of four permanent experimental plots in the Nature Reserve Pavelcovo. The reserve Pavelcovo is an age-differentiated natural forest with a typical two-layer structure. The fragmented upper layer is formed of common beech, silver fir, sycamore, Norway maple,Wych elm, common ash and European larch. The lower layer,which is relatively continuous, is formed primarily of common yew. Concerning forest typology, a major part of the reserve was classified to Fagetum tiliosum. The analysis of the effect of the thinning from above with negative selection confirmed a significant increment of yew crown diameters. Concerning the damage on yews with DBH over 2 cm by red deer browsing, a positive correlation was observed: with the increasing breastheight diameter, the share of yew trees damaged by barking increased. Red deer at the present counts becomes a serious factor disturbing natural regeneration processes of yew and causing its gradual decline in the forest ecosystems under investigation. The analysis of the efficiency of a thinning from above on the improvement of ecological conditions for seed germination, establishment, survival and growth of yew seedlings showed that in case of a continuous lower layer, the amount of the transmitted light is insufficient and is one of the principal causes of the auto-reduction of this tree species. A better survival of yew would require an intervention into the lower yew layer mainly through a sanitary selection.

scholarly journals Density-related effect of red deer browsing on palatable and unpalatable tree species and forest regeneration dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 119442
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Borowski ◽  
Wojciech Gil ◽  
Kamil Bartoń ◽  
Grzegorz Zajączkowski ◽  
Jan Łukaszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Regeneration Dynamics

Vocalizations in red deer (Cervus elaphus), sika deer (Cervus nippon), and red × sika hybrids

1998 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Long ◽  
N.P. Moore ◽  
T. J. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon

The deer of the island of Lampedusa (Pelagian Archipelago, Italy): literary references and osteological evidence

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO MASSETP ◽  
BRUNO ZAVA
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships

During the nineteenth century, scientific literature and official reports recorded the occurrence of a population of red deer, Cervus elaphus, on the island of Lampedusa (Pelagian Archipelago, Italy). Osteological specimens collected by the zoologist Enrico Hillier Giglioli towards the end of the century confirmed these references. Since cervids are not found among the fossil fauna of the island, the red deer must have been introduced by man although we do not yet know precisely when. The former existence of the species on Lampedusa is discussed by comparison of literary material and bone evidence. The population's probable origins and its taxonomic relationships with other Mediterranean red deer populations are also analysed.

Role of ovarian failure in reproductive senescence in aged red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fisher ◽  
B. McLeod ◽  
D. Heath ◽  
S Lun ◽  
P. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Reproductive Senescence

Production of interferon by red deer (Cervus elaphus) conceptuses and the effects of roIFN-tau on the timing of luteolysis and the success of asynchronous embryo transfer

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Demmers ◽  
HN Jabbour ◽  
DW Deakin ◽  
AP Flint
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Calving Rate

The role of interferon in early pregnancy in red deer was investigated by (a) measuring production of interferon by the conceptus, (b) testing the anti-luteolytic effect of recombinant interferon-tau in non-pregnant hinds, and (c) treatment of hinds with interferon after asynchronous embryo transfer. Blastocysts were collected from 34 hinds by uterine flushing 14 (n = 2), 16 (n = 2), 18 (n = 8), 20 (n = 13) or 22 (n = 9) days after synchronization of oestrus with progesterone withdrawal. Interferon anti-viral activity was detectable in uterine flushings from day 16 to day 22, and increased with duration of gestation (P < 0.01) and developmental stage (P < 0.01). When interferon-tau was administered daily between day 14 and day 20 to non-pregnant hinds to mimic natural blastocyst production, luteolysis was delayed by a dose of 0.2 mg day(-1) (27.3 +/- 1.3 days after synchronization, n = 4 versus 21 +/- 0 days in control hinds, n = 3; P < 0.05). Interferon-tau was administered to hinds after asynchronous embryo transfer to determine whether it protects the conceptus against early pregnancy loss. Embryos (n = 24) collected on day 6 from naturally mated, superovulated donors (n = 15) were transferred into synchronized recipients on day 10 or day 11. Interferon-tau treatment (0.2 mg daily from day 14 to 20) increased calving rate from 0 to 64% in all recipients (0/11 versus 7/11, P < 0.005), and from 0 to 67% in day 10 recipients (0/8 versus 6/9, P < 0.01). The increased success rate of asynchronous embryo transfer after interferon-tau treatment in cervids may be of benefit where mismatched embryo-maternal signalling leads to failure in the establishment of pregnancy.

Long-term population dynamics of the red deer and European roe deer at the protected and not-protected areas in Mountain Crimea

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
V. N. Shmagol' ◽  
V. L. Yarysh ◽  
S. P. Ivanov ◽  
V. I. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Impact

<p>The long-term population dynamics of the red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em> L.) and European roe deer (<em>Capreolus</em> <em>capreolus</em> L.) at the mountain and forest zone of Crimea during 1980-2017 is presented. Fluctuations in numbers of both species are cyclical and partly synchronous. Period of oscillations in the population of red deer is about 25 years, the average duration of the oscillation period of number of roe deer is 12.3 years. During the fluctuations in the number the increasing and fall in population number of the red deer had been as 26-47 %, and roe deer – as 22-34 %. Basing on the dada obtained we have assumed that together with large-scale cycles of fluctuations in population number of both red deer and roe deer the short cycles of fluctuations in the number of these species with period from 3.5 to 7.5 years take place. Significant differences of the parameters of cyclical fluctuations in the number of roe deer at some sites of the Mountainous Crimea: breaches of synchronicity, as well as significant differences in the duration of cycles are revealed. The greatest deviations from the average values of parameters of long-term dynamics of the number of roe deer in Crimea are noted for groups of this species at two protected areas. At the Crimean Nature Reserve the cycle time of fluctuations of the numbers of roe deer was 18 years. At the Karadag Nature Reserve since 1976 we can see an exponential growth in number of roe deer that is continued up to the present time. By 2016 the number of roe deer reached 750 individuals at a density of 437 animals per 1 thousand ha. Peculiarity of dynamics of number of roe deer at some sites proves the existence in the mountain forest of Crimea several relatively isolated groups of deer. We assumed that "island" location of the Crimean populations of red deer and European roe deer, their relatively little number and influence of permanent extreme factors of both natural and anthropogenic origination have contributed to a mechanism of survival of these populations. The elements of such a mechanism include the following features of long-term dynamics of the population: the reduction in the period of cyclic population fluctuations, while maintaining their amplitude and the appearance of additional small cycles, providing more flexible response of the population to the impact of both negative and positive environmental factors. From the totality of the weather conditions for the Crimean population of roe deer the recurring periods of increases and downs in the annual precipitation amount may have relevance. There was a trend of increase in the roe deer population during periods of increasing annual precipitation.</p>

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