scholarly journals Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings: The potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees

2017 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian J. Duan ◽  
Leah S. Bauer ◽  
Roy G. Van Driesche
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Ash Trees

scholarly journals Nontarget Insects Caught on Emerald Ash Borer Purple Monitoring Traps in Western Pennsylvania

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Skvarla ◽  
Jeffrey D. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Western Pennsylvania ◽  
Monitoring Traps ◽  
Invasive Beetle

Abstract Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive beetle attacking North American ash trees (Fraxinus L. [Oleaceae]). Populations in infested areas are monitored with purple sticky traps. During summer 2008, we monitored nine pairs of purple traps and clear control traps to determine which other insect families are attracted to these traps and whether these traps might be used to monitor other pest insects. We argue that monitoring bycatch in these traps could greatly increase the potential of finding other invasive species.

scholarly journals Emerald Ash Borer ( Agrilus planipennis) Density and Canopy Dieback in Three North American Ash Species

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Andrea Anulewicz ◽  
Deborah McCullough ◽  
David Cappaert
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Neighborhood Density ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Blue Ash

Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), a phloem-feeding insect native to Asia, was identified in 2002 as the cause of widespread ash (Fraxinus) mortality in southeast Michigan, U.S. and Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Little information about A. planipennis is available from its native range and it was not known whether this invasive pest would exhibit a preference for a particular North American ash species. We monitored A. planipennis density and canopy condition on green ash (F. pennsylvanica) and white ash (F. americana) street trees in four neighborhoods and on white and blue ash (F. quadrangulata) trees in two woodlots in southeast Michigan. Green ash street trees had significantly more canopy dieback and higher A. planipennis densities than white ash trees growing in the same neighborhood. Density increased by two- to fourfold in both species over a 3-year period. Canopy dieback increased linearly from 2002 to 2005 as A. planipennis density increased (R 2= 0.70). In each of the woodlots, A. planipennis densities were significantly higher on white ash trees than blue ash trees. Woodpecker predation occurred in all sites and accounted for 35% of the A. planipennis that developed on trees we surveyed. Results indicate that surveys for A. planipennis detection in areas with multiple ash species should focus on the relatively preferred species.

scholarly journals Progress and Challenges of Protecting North American Ash Trees from the Emerald Ash Borer Using Biological Control

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Duan ◽  
Leah Bauer ◽  
Roy van Driesche ◽  
Juli Gould
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North American ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Ash Trees

scholarly journals Can Spathius galinae attack emerald ash borer larvae feeding in large ash trees?

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa C. Murphy ◽  
Roy G. Van Driesche ◽  
Juli R. Gould ◽  
Joseph S. Elkinton
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Ash Trees

Progress in the use of detection dogs for emerald ash borer monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Hoyer-Tomiczek ◽  
Gernot Hoch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Test Series ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Scent Detection ◽  
Single Blind

Abstract Early detection of infestation by the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis is extremely difficult; hence developing additional methods is desirable. We built on the successful use of canine scent detection for the invasive long-horned beetles Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis and trained six dogs in detection of EAB. A first test series was performed to evaluate detection accuracy of five of these dogs. Seven different experimental settings were tested under single blind conditions: (1) forest nursery, (2) piles of firewood, (3) firewood on the ground, (4) ash logs on the ground, (5) old urban ash trees, (6) urban forest with ash trees and (7) natural forest with ash trees. In total, 214 positive samples were presented to the dogs, out of which 20 remained undetected. The experiments ascertained sensitivity (correct positives of all positives) ranging from 73.3 to 100 percent and specificity (correct negatives of all negatives) from 88.9 to 99.8 percent in the tested settings. This initial study demonstrates that trained dogs are able to detect EAB scent from sources such as larval galleries in bark/wood, frass, living or dead larvae or dead dry beetles. The numbers of tested dogs and test series were limited, and further studies are needed to confirm the initial results. However, the preliminary findings demonstrate the potential of the method particularly for inspection of wood or plants at entry points.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Xylem Discoloration in Ash Trees Associated with Macroinjections of a Systemic Insecticide

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tanis ◽  
Deborah McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis), first identified near Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 2002, has killed millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in 28 states and two Canadian provinces to date. Trunk injections of insecticide products containing emamectin benzoate (EB) (e.g., TREE-ageR) are often used to protect ash trees in landscapes from EAB, but wounds and potential injury resulting from injections are a concern. Researchers examined 507 injection sites on 61 trees and recorded evidence of secondary wounding (e.g., external bark cracks, internal xylem necrosis and pathogen infection). Researchers assessed 233 injection sites on 22 green ash and 24 white ash trees macro-injected with a low or a medium-high rate of EB in 2008 only, or in both 2008 and 2009. Only 12 of 233 injection sites (5%) were associated with external bark cracks and there was no evidence of pathogen infection. On 39 of the 46 trees (85%), new xylem was growing over injection sites. Researchers assessed 274 injection sites on 15 green ash trees injected annually with EB from 2008 to 2013 or injected in 2008 and again in 2011. Bark cracks were associated with four injection sites on three trees, but no evidence of injury was found on the other 12 trees. All 15 trees had new xylem laid over injection sites. Confocal laser scanning and polarizing digital microscopy were used to assess the integrity of discolored xylem tissue removed from the immediate area surrounding 140 injection sites on 61 trees. Researchers found no evidence of decay associated with discoloration.

Protection of Individual Ash Trees From Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) With Basal Soil Applications of Imidacloprid

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Smitley ◽  
E. J. Rebek ◽  
R. N. Royalty ◽  
T. W. Davis ◽  
K. F. Newhouse
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Ash Trees

Growth and Physiology Vary Little Among North American, an Asian, and a North American x Asian Hybrid Ash in a Common Garden in Ohio, U.S.A

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Haavik ◽  
Daniel Herms
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
North American ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
White Ash

The emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) invasion of North America has increased interest in ash (Fraxinus, Oleaceae) phylogeny, ecology, and physiology. In a common garden in central Ohio, we compared the performance of three North American ash cultivars that are highly susceptible to EAB (F. pennsylvanica ‘Patmore,’ F. americana ‘Autumn Purple,’ and F. nigra ‘Fall Gold’), one North American species that is less susceptible to EAB (F. quadrangulata), and two taxa that are resistant to EAB (F. mandshurica and F. mandshurica × F. nigra ‘Northern Treasure’). During the 2015 growing season, we measured diameter growth, foliar N concentration, specific leaf area, and on four dates (two with adequate and two with low precipitation) we measured CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), variable fluorescence (Fv’/Fm’: efficiency of energy harvested by open photosystem II reaction centers), and the fraction of photons absorbed by photosystem II that were used for photosynthesis (ɸPSII). F. pennsylvanica grew fastest and on most sampling dates was superior in physiological performance (A, gs, and ɸPSII). Generally, however, there was little interspecific variation in growth and physiology among the different ash taxa tested, as all performed well. This suggests that the EAB-resistant F. mandshurica and F. mandshurica × F. nigra hybrid, as well as the moderately resistant blue ash, are as physiologically well-suited to growing conditions in the Midwestern United States as green and white ash cultivars that had been widely planted prior to the EAB invasion.

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