The role of smoldering combustion on smoke emission in tropical forest fires

2006 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. S159
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Gurgel Veras ◽  
Ernesto Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Smoke Emission ◽  
Smoldering Combustion

Role of forest fires in Holocene stand-scale dynamics in the unmanaged taiga forest of northwestern Russia

The Holocene ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1503-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niina Kuosmanen ◽  
Keyan Fang ◽  
Richard HW Bradshaw ◽  
Jennifer L Clear ◽  
Heikki Seppä
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Taiga Forest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wavelet Coherence Analysis ◽  
Northwestern Russia

Fossil pollen, conifer stomata, and charcoal records for the last 10,000 years were studied from three small hollow sites (Larix Hollow, Mosquito Hollow, and Olga Hollow) located at the modern western range limit of Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica) in northwestern Russia to investigate the role of forest fires in stand-scale dynamics of taiga vegetation. Wavelet coherence analysis was utilized to reveal the significance of fire on the vegetation composition at different timescales by assessing the phase and strength of the relationship between forest fires and most common boreal tree taxa in a time–frequency window. Pollen and stomata data show that all of the modern-day common tree taxa, including Norway spruce ( Picea abies) and Siberian larch, have been present in the study region since the early Holocene. The absence of charcoal layers at Mosquito Hollow suggests that this site has acted as a fire-free refugium with continuous dominance of spruce throughout the Holocene. Meanwhile, the Larix Hollow record indicates frequent local fire events and as a consequence, a more variable tree species composition. The wavelet coherence results show that the impact of forest fires on vegetation varies from short-term (<200-year periods) changes in individual tree taxa to long-term (400–800 years) changes in forest composition, such as the expansion of spruce population after local high-intensity fires around 7500–7000 cal. yr BP and the increase in abundance of birch and alder during periods of high fire frequency. Our results suggest that Holocene fire histories can be markedly different within a small geographical area, demonstrating the importance of site-specific factors in the local fire regime in the unmanaged taiga forest.

scholarly journals Addressing the Haze: The Role of Local Traditional Cultures and Islamic Teachings

ICR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Shahino Mah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Related Mortality

The most frequent transboundary haze in the world takes place in Southeast Asia. It is usually caused by land-use changes, open burning, peat combustion, wildfires, and other farming activities. Serious haze occurred in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2016, originating from large-scale forest fires in western Sumatra and southern Kalimantan, Indonesia. It caused adverse effects to locals as well as neighbouring countries, affecting their health, economy, agriculture, and biodiversity. Among the serious effects of haze are increased respiratory-related mortality due to toxic airborne particles, jet crashs and ship collisions due to restricted visibility, reduction of crop growth rate due to limited solar radiation, and extinction of endangered primates due to habitat loss. Neighbouring countries like Malaysia and Singapore sometimes have to close schools to prevent people from being exposed to air pollution, and its consequent respiratory ailments.  

scholarly journals The Role of Forest Elephants in Shaping Tropical Forest–Savanna Coexistence

Ecosystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabelle W. Cardoso ◽  
Yadvinder Malhi ◽  
Imma Oliveras ◽  
David Lehmann ◽  
Josué Edzang Ndong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Elephants

scholarly journals About the role of environmental factors in carcinogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Sergey K. Pinaev ◽  
Olga G. Pinaeva ◽  
Alexey Ya. Chizhov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Child Population

There were found out the connections of the activity of the Sun and smoke of forest fires with the incidence of various forms of benign and malignant neoplasms in the population of young children 0-4 years old, in Khabarovsk Region, Russia. Thus, it was determined that so-called “sporadic” fluctuations in the incidence of neoplasms in the child population are not random. They are caused by long multi-year cycles of changes in the complex of environmental factors. The authors identified this phenomenon as “Alternative oncogenesis”, meaning by it the predominant occurrence of various forms of neoplasms in a certain period of time due to a change in the parameters of the complex of environmental factors. A proposed hypothesis is: ecologically linked oxidative stress as a cause of the epigenomic modulation leading to an imbalance between semaphorins and integrins that brings to oncogenesis.

scholarly journals Biomass-burning smoke heights over the Amazon observed from space

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1685-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gonzalez-Alonso ◽  
Maria Val Martin ◽  
Ralph A. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
Smoke Plumes ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. We characterise the vertical distribution of biomass-burning emissions across the Amazon during the biomass-burning season (July–November) with an extensive climatology of smoke plumes derived from MISR and MODIS (2005–2012) and CALIOP (2006–2012) observations. Smoke plume heights exhibit substantial variability, spanning a few hundred metres up to 6 km above the terrain. However, the majority of the smoke is located at altitudes below 2.5 km. About 60 % of smoke plumes are observed in drought years, 40 %–50 % at the peak month of the burning season (September) and 94 % over tropical forest and savanna regions, with respect to the total number of smoke plume observations. At the time of the MISR observations (10:00–11:00 LT), the highest plumes are detected over grassland fires (with an averaged maximum plume height of ∼1100 m) and the lowest plumes occur over tropical forest fires (∼800 m). A similar pattern is found later in the day (14:00–15:00 LT) with CALIOP, although at higher altitudes (2300 m grassland vs. 2000 m tropical forest), as CALIOP typically detects smoke at higher altitudes due to its later overpass time, associated with a deeper planetary boundary layer, possibly more energetic fires, and greater sensitivity to thin aerosol layers. On average, 3 %–20 % of the fires inject smoke into the free troposphere; this percentage tends to increase toward the end of the burning season (November: 15 %–40 %). We find a well-defined seasonal cycle between MISR plume heights, MODIS fire radiative power and atmospheric stability across the main biomes of the Amazon, with higher smoke plumes, more intense fires and reduced atmospheric stability conditions toward the end of the burning season. Lower smoke plume heights are detected during drought (800 m) compared to non-drought (1100 m) conditions, in particular over tropical forest and savanna fires. Drought conditions favour understory fires over tropical forest, which tend to produce smouldering combustion and low smoke injection heights. Droughts also seem to favour deeper boundary layers and the percentage of smoke plumes that reach the free troposphere is lower during these dry conditions. Consistent with previous studies, the MISR mid-visible aerosol optical depth demonstrates that smoke makes a significant contribution to the total aerosol loading over the Amazon, which in combination with lower injection heights in drought periods has important implications for air quality. This work highlights the importance of biome type, fire properties and atmospheric and drought conditions for plume dynamics and smoke loading. In addition, our study demonstrates the value of combining observations of MISR and CALIOP constraints on the vertical distribution of smoke from biomass burning over the Amazon.

THE ROLE OF EARLY DETECTION OF FOREST FIRE IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanimir Živanović ◽  
Darko Zigar ◽  
Dejan Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Camera Surveillance

Continuous monitoring of open space is of the utmost importance for the protection of forests against fire. Collected data in real time provide fast intervention of relevant services to extinguish the fire. Timely information about the appearance of fire reduce the number of areas affected by this fire and thereby minimizes the costs of fire extinguishing and the damage caused in the woods. The current way of detecting fire in an open area in Serbia is not in real time, and due to this, it is necessary to implement modern technology of collecting data related to early detection of fires. This paper presents an integral project of forest-fire protection on the territory of Serbia in order to provide the reference for the application of terrestrial automated system for early detection and prediction of forest fires. An automated system could be comprised of infrared and high-resolution TV camera surveillance, covering a large part of the forest area and forest land. Key words: Forest fire, prediction, early detection.

Using SPOT-4 HRVIR and VEGETATION sensors to assess impact of tropical forest fires in Roraima, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1943-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Phulpin ◽  
F. Lavenu ◽  
M. F. Bellan ◽  
B. Mougenot ◽  
F. Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Fires

scholarly journals Responses of leaf-litter ant communities to tropical forest wildfires vary with season

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana M. Silveira ◽  
Jos Barlow ◽  
Rafael B. Andrade ◽  
Luiz A. M. Mestre ◽  
Sébastien Lacau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Agriculture Expansion ◽  
Forest Wildfires

Fire is an important land-management tool in tropical forest landscapes. However, these fires sometimes escape into surrounding forests (Uhl & Buschbacker 1985), and are one of the most severe disturbances threatening tropical forest biodiversity (Barlowet al2006). These forest fires have become more frequent over the last decades due to the combined effect of selective logging, fragmentation and abnormal droughts that increase the flammability of forests, and agriculture expansion that brings the ignition sources (Aragão & Shimabukuro 2010).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document