Markers linked to vegetative incompatibility (vic) genes and a region of high heterogeneity and reduced recombination near the mating type locus (MAT) in Cryphonectria parasitica

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Kubisiak ◽  
Michael G. Milgroom
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽  
Vegetative Incompatibility ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus

scholarly journals VEGETATIVE INCOMPATIBILITY AND THE MATING-TYPE LOCUS IN THE CELLULAR SLIME MOLD DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-875
Author(s):  
Gillian E Robson ◽  
Keith L Williams
Keyword(s):  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Slime Mold ◽  
Cellular Slime Mold ◽  
Vegetative Incompatibility ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Slime Mold Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Cellular Slime

ABSTRACT The genetic basis of vegetative incompatibility in the cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum, is elucidated. Vegetatively compatible haploid strains form parasexual diploids at a frequency of between 10-6 and 10-5, whereas "escaped" diploids are formed between vegetatively incompatible strains at a frequency of ~10-8. There is probably only a single vegetative incompatibility site, which appears to be located at, or closely linked to, the mating-type locus. The nature of the vegetative incompatibility is deduced from parasexual diploid formation between wild isolates and tester strains of each mating type, examination of the frequency of formation of "escaped" diploids formed between vegetatively incompatible strains, and examination of the mating type and vegetative incompatibility of haploid segregants obtained from "escaped" diploids.

New mutations that suppress mating-type vegetative incompatibility in Neurospora crassa

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia S. Vellani ◽  
Anthony J. F. Griffiths ◽  
N. Louise Glass
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Vegetative Incompatibility ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Regulatory Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
Incompatibility Locus ◽  
New Alleles ◽  
New Mutations

The mating-type locus in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa functions as a vegetative-incompatibility locus during asexual growth such that A + a heterokaryons and A/a partial diploids are inhibited in their growth. In this study, we sought mutations that suppress mating-type associated vegetative incompatibility by using A/a partial diploids. Mutants were selected as spontaneous escapes from inhibited growth. Suppressors were identified by selecting escapes that retained the capacity to mate with both A and a strains. The escaped partial diploids were then outcrossed to remove the duplication. Seven suppressors were identified that segregated as single, recessive mutations. All seven of the suppressors were shown to be allelic to a previously obtained suppressor, tol, by segregation analyses and heterokaryon tests. This result indicates that all seven mutations are new alleles of tol and suggests that tol is a key regulatory locus in the expression of mating-type associated vegetative incompatibility in N. crassa.Key words: vegetative incompatibility, mating type, suppressors, Neurospora.

Effects of thetolmutation on allelic interactions athetloci inNeurospora crassa

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Leslie ◽  
Carl T. Yamashiro
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Incompatibility ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Inneurospora Crassa ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

A mutant at the tol locus of Neurospora crassa can suppress heterokaryon (vegetative) incompatibility associated with differences at the mating-type locus. We tested the ability of this allele to suppress the vegetative incompatibility reactions that can occur when strains differ at one of nine het loci (het-C, -D, -E, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9, and -10). We found no cases in which the tol mutant suppresses a heteroallelic het locus interaction. Thus, the interaction(s) that leads to vegetative incompatibility because of differences at the mating-type locus is distinct from the interaction(s) that leads to vegetative incompatibility because of differences at any of these nine het loci.Key words: heterokaryon, mating type, vegetative compatibility.

scholarly journals rme1 Mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: map position and bypass of mating type locus control of sporulation.

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 958-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rine ◽  
G F Sprague ◽  
I Herskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Type Information

Sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae normally occurs only in MATa/MAT alpha diploids. We show that mutations in RME1 bypassed the requirements for both a and alpha mating type information in sporulation and therefore allowed MATa/MATa and MAT alpha/MAT alpha diploids to sporulate. RME1 was located on chromosome VII, between LEU1 and ADE6.

Transformation of protoplasted yeast cells is directly associated with cell fusion

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-778
Author(s):  
S Harashima ◽  
A Takagi ◽  
Y Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Yeast Protoplasts ◽  
Yeast Plasmids ◽  
Binominal Distribution

The frequency of cell fusion during transformation of yeast protoplasts with various yeast plasmids with a chromosome replicon (YRp or YCp) or 2 mu DNA (YEp) was estimated by two methods. In one method, a mixture of protoplasts of two haploid strains with identical mating type and complementary auxotrophic nuclear markers with or without cytoplasmic markers was transformed. When the number of various phenotypic classes of transformants for the nuclear markers was analyzed by equations derived from binominal distribution theory, the frequency of nuclear fusion among the transformants was 42 to 100% in transformations with the YRp or YCp plasmids and 28 to 39% with the YEp plasmids. In another method, a haploid bearing the sir mutation, which allows a diploid (or polyploid) homozygous for the MAT (mating type) locus to sporulate by the expression of the silent mating-type loci HML and HMR, was transformed with the plasmids. Sporulation ability was found in 43 to 95% of the transformants with the YRp or YCp plasmids, and 26 to 31% of the YEp transformants. When cytoplasmic mixing was included with the nuclear fusion, 96 to 100% of the transformants were found to be cell fusants. Based upon these observations, we concluded that transformation of yeast protoplasts is directly associated with cell fusion.

INTERCONVERSION OF YEAST MATING TYPES II. RESTORATION OF MATING ABILITY TO STERILE MUTANTS IN HOMOTHALLIC AND HETEROTHALLIC STRAINS

Genetics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 373A-393
Author(s):  
James B Hicks ◽  
Ira Herskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Ability ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Regulatory Information ◽  
Ho Gene

ABSTRACT The two mating types of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be interconverted in both homothallic and heterothallic strains. Previous work indicates that all yeast cells contain the information to be both a and α and that the HO gene (in homothallic strains) promotes a change in mating type by causing a change at the mating type locus itself. In both heterothallic and homothallic strains, a defective α mating type locus can be converted to a functional a locus and subsequently to a functional α locus. In contrast, action of the HO gene does not restore mating ability to a strain defective in another gene for mating which is not at the mating type locus. These observations indicate that a yeast cell contains an additional copy (or copies) of α information, and lead to the "cassette" model for mating type interconversion. In this model, HM  a and hmα loci are blocs of unexpressed α regulatory information, and HMα and hm  a loci are blocs of unexpressed a regulatory information. These blocs are silent because they lack an essential site for expression, and become active upon insertion of this information (or a copy of the information) into the mating type locus by action of the HO gene.

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