The effect of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on mammalian and plant cells in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jiravova ◽  
Katerina Barton Tomankova ◽  
Monika Harvanova ◽  
Lukas Malina ◽  
Jakub Malohlava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Silver Ions

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Effects on In Vitro Germination, Growth, and Biochemical Activity of Tomato, Radish, and Kale Seedlings

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5340
Author(s):  
Alicja Tymoszuk
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Biochemical Activity

The interactions between nanoparticles and plant cells are still not sufficiently understood, and studies related to this subject are of scientific and practical importance. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most commonly produced and used nanomaterials. This study aimed to investigate the influence of AgNPs applied at the concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mg·L−1 during the process of in vitro germination as well as the biometric and biochemical parameters of developed seedlings in three vegetable species: Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Poranek’, Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus ‘Ramona’, and Brassica oleracea var. sabellica ‘Nero di Toscana’. The application of AgNPs did not affect the germination efficiency; however, diverse results were reported for the growth and biochemical activity of the seedlings, depending on the species tested and the AgNPs concentration. Tomato seedlings treated with nanoparticles, particularly at 100 mg·L−1, had shorter shoots with lower fresh and dry weights and produced roots with lower fresh weight. Simultaneously, at the biochemical level, a decrease in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids and an increase in the anthocyanins content and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) activity were reported. AgNPs-treated radish plants had shorter shoots of higher fresh and dry weight and longer roots with lower fresh weight. Treatment with 50 mg·L−1 and 100 mg·L−1 resulted in the highest and lowest accumulation of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the leaves, respectively; however, seedlings treated with 100 mg·L−1 produced less anthocyanins and polyphenols and exhibited lower GPOX activity. In kale, AgNPs-derived seedlings had a lower content of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins but higher GPOX activity of and were characterized by higher fresh and dry shoot weights and higher heterogeneous biometric parameters of the roots. The results of these experiments may be of great significance for broadening the scope of knowledge on the influence of AgNPs on plant cells and the micropropagation of the vegetable species. Future studies should be aimed at testing lower or even higher concentrations of AgNPs and other NPs and to evaluate the genetic stability of NPs-treated vegetable crops and their yielding efficiency.

Silver nanoparticles used to counter Monilinia fructicola fungicide-resistance and reduce fungicide environmental footprint 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Chrysikopoulos ◽  
Anastasios A. Malandrakis ◽  
Nektarios Kavroulakis ◽  
Anthi Stefanarou
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Gene Target ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides

<div><span>The potential of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) to control plant pathogen <em>Monilia</em><em>fructicola </em>and to deter environmental contamination by reducing fungicide doses was evaluated <em>in vitro </em>and <em>in vivo. </em> </span>F<span>ungitoxicity screening </span>of <em><span>M. fructicola </span></em><span>isolates resulted in the detection of 18 benzimidazole-resistant (BEN-R) isolates with reduced sensitivity to fungicides  thiophanate methyl (TM)  and carbendazim. All resistant isolates caried the E198A resistance mutation in their </span><em><span>β</span>-</em>tubulin gene, target site of the benzimidazole fungicides. <span>Ag-NPs could effectively control both sensitive (BEN-S) and resistant isolates while the combination of Ag-NPs with TM significantly enhanced their fungitoxic effect both <em>in vitro </em>and in apple fruit tests. The positive correlation observed between Ag-NPs and TM+Ag-NPs treatments indicates a mixture-enhanced Ag-NPs activity/availability as a possible mechanism of synergy. No correlation between Ag-NPs  and AgNO<sub>3 </sub>could  be found suggesting difference(s) in the fungitoxic mechanism of action between Nps and their bulk/ionic counterparts. Indications of the involvement of energy (ATP) metabolism in the mode of action of Ag-NPs were also evident by the synergy observed between Ag-NPs and the </span>oxidative phosphorylation<span>-uncoupler fluazinam (FM) against both BEN-R and BEN-S phenotypes. The role of silver ions release on the inhibitory action of Ag-NPs against the fungusis probably limited since the AgNPs/NaCl combination enhanced fungitoxicity, a fact that could not be justified by the expected binding of silver with chlorine ions. Concluding, Ag-NPs can be effectively used as a means of controlling both BEN-S and BEN-R <em>M. </em><em>fructicola </em>isolates </span>while <span>their combination with conventional fungicides should aid anti-resistant strategies and reduce the environmental impact of synthetic fungicides by reducing effective doses to the control the pathogen.</span></div>

scholarly journals Green Synthesis, Characterization and In-vitro Antioxidant Property of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Justicia carnea

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
I. O. Salaudeen ◽  
M. O. Olajuwon ◽  
A. B. Ajala ◽  
T. O. Abdulkareem ◽  
S. A. Adeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

This study investigated the synthesis, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Justicia carnea.  The aqueous leaf extract of J. carnea was used as a potential reducing and capping agent. To identify the compounds responsible for the reduction of silver ions, the functional groups present in the plant extract were subjected to FTIR. The in vitro antioxidant activity of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated in terms of ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2`-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radicals scavenging assays. The surface plasmon resonance confirmed the formation of AgNPs with maximum absorbance at kmax = 446 nm. FTIR revealed the biological macromolecules of J. carnea leaf extract involved in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in the range of 436-446 nm. The silver nanoparticles exhibited moderate antioxidant activities compared to standard antioxidants (ascorbic acid and BHT). These results confirmed this protocol as simple, eco-friendly, nontoxic and an alternative for conventional physical and chemical methods. It can be concluded that J. carnea leaf extract can be used effectively in the production of potential antioxidant AgNPs which could be useful in various bio-applications such as cosmetics, food and biomedical industry.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant, Antitumor and Photocatalytic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Equisetum Species: A Green Approach

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7325
Author(s):  
Denisa Batir-Marin ◽  
Cornelia Mircea ◽  
Monica Boev ◽  
Ana Flavia Burlec ◽  
Andreia Corciova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ld50 Value

The ethanolic extracts of three Equisetum species (E. pratense Ehrh., E. sylvaticum L. and E. telmateia Ehrh.) were used to reduce silver ions to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements. FTIR data revealed the functional groups of biomolecules involved in AgNPs synthesis, such as O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O, and C-C. EDX spectroscopy was used to highlight the presence of silver, while DLS spectroscopy provided information on the mean diameter of AgNPs, that ranged from 74.4 to 314 nm. The negative Zeta potential values (−23.76 for Ep–AgNPs, −29.54 for Es–AgNPs and −20.72 for Et–AgNPs) indicate the stability of the obtained colloidal solution. The study also focused on establishing the photocatalytic activity of AgNPs, which is an important aspect in terms of removing organic dyes from the environment. The best photocatalytic activity was observed for AgNPs obtained from E. telmateia, which degraded malachite green in a proportion of 97.9%. The antioxidant action of the three AgNPs samples was highlighted comparatively through four tests, with the best overall antioxidant capacity being observed for AgNPs obtained using E. sylvaticum. Moreover, the biosynthesized AgNPs showed promising cytotoxic efficacy against cancerous cell line MG63, the AgNPs obtained from E. sylvaticum L. providing the best result, with a LD50 value around 1.5 mg/mL.

Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of Green Silver Nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3112-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Raja ◽  
S. Mohamed Salique ◽  
P. Gajalakshmi ◽  
Arthur James
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
One Step

The objective of this research was to standardize the Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by C.roseus and to evaluate them for their potential against Mycobacteral tuberculosis. Phytochemical study realized the presence flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids and tannins. Colloidal silver nanoparicle was synthesized by one step green reduction at room temperature and characterized by UV and TEM. An effort made to find out the capping agent revealed that the TLC fraction with 0.7 Rf value showed the reduction of silver ions. GCMS analysis of TLC fraction showed the presence of nine different phytochemical which includes pentadecane and piperdine carboxylic acid as major constituent. The nanoparticle diameter is in the range of 38- 52 nm and stable for 30 days under room temperature. The bactericidal activity of synthesized nanoparticle was  24 ± 0.04 and 22 ± 0.62 mm respectively against M.smegmatis and M.tuberculosis. The in vitro hemolytic assessment of silver nanoparticles was found to be safe at maximum of 1-5 µg/mL and toxic between 15- 50 µg/ml. Further this data encourages that theses biologically synthesized nanoparticles were found to be less toxic and more effective against mycobacterial strains.

Antimicrobial Activity of PET-Silver Nanocomposite Filaments

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Marcos Antônio Guerra ◽  
Jeferson Prado Swerts ◽  
Mei Abe Funcia ◽  
Maria Gabriela Nogueira Campos
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Silver Nanocomposite

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of PET-Silver nanocomposite filaments at different concentrations (0, 0.180%, 0.135%, 0.090%, 0.045% and 0.022% w/w) of silver nanoparticles in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of silver incorporated in the PET matrix. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by the AATCC standard 100: 2012 method, against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 4532. The filaments were tested after one and twenty-one months of preparation to evaluate the effect of time on the antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity was also evaluated after dyeing the filaments. The silver-free PET filaments have not demonstrated antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against human dermal fibroblasts. Nevertheless, excepted for the filament with 0.022% of silver nanoparticles, all PET-Silver nanocomposites reduced more than 99% the colony-forming units (CFU) of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia after one and twenty-one months of preparation. This suggests that the MIC of silver nanoparticles incorporated in the PET matrix is lower than 220 ppm (w/w) and the MBC is between 0.022 and 0.045% (w/w). However, after the dyeing process, no antimicrobial activity was observed for any PET-Silver nanocomposite filaments. This may be attributed to the release of silver from the PET matrix during the dyeing process or to the reaction/inactivation of the silver ions by the salts used in this chemical treatment.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Silver Nanoparticles Gel for Wound Dressing Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hiep ◽  
Huynh Chan Khon ◽  
Vo Van Thanh Niem ◽  
Vo Van Toi ◽  
Tran Ngoc Quyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

The purpose of this study was to fabricate chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ag nanoparticles (CPA) gels with microwave-assistance for skin applications. Microwave irradiation was employed to reduce silver ions to silver nanoparticles and to crosslink chitosan (CS) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The presence of silver nanoparticles in CPA gels matrix was examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interaction of CS and PVA was analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The release of silver ions was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The antimicrobial properties of CPA gels againstP. aeruginosaandS. aureuswere investigated using agar diffusion method. Finally, the biocompatibility and wound-healing ability of the gels were studied using fibroblast cells (in vitro) and mice models (in vivo). In conclusion, the results showed that CPA gels were successfully fabricated using microwave irradiation method. These gels can be applied to heal an open wound thanks to their antibacterial activity and biocompatibility.

In vitro assessment of the toxicity of small silver nanoparticles and silver ions to the red blood cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
pp. 32373-32380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Chi ◽  
Hongwei Lin ◽  
Weiguo Li ◽  
Xunuo Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
In Vitro Assessment
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