Automation of an in vitro cytotoxicity assay used to estimate starting doses in acute oral systemic toxicity tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 2084-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounir Bouhifd ◽  
Gilles Bories ◽  
Juan Casado ◽  
Sandra Coecke ◽  
Hedvig Norlén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay ◽  
Toxicity Tests

MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 251-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Clemedson ◽  
Elisabeth McFarlane-Abdulla ◽  
Marianne Andersson ◽  
Frank A. Barile ◽  
Mabel C. Calleja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Basal Cytotoxicity

The multicentre evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity (MEIC) study is a programme designed to evaluate the relevance of in vitro toxicity tests for predicting human toxicity, and is organised by the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology. The project started in 1989 and is scheduled to be finished by June 1996. MEIC is a voluntary effort by international laboratories to test the same 50 reference chemicals in their own in vitro toxicity systems. At present, 31 laboratories have submitted results for the first 30 reference chemicals from a total of 68 in vitro cytotoxicity tests. In the definitive evaluation of the MEIC programme, these in vitro results will be compared with human lethal blood concentrations and other relevant acute systemic toxicity data, and the results will be published as a series of articles. This paper, which is the first article in this series, describes and analyses the methodologies used in the 68 tests. The origins and purities of the test chemicals, the biological systems and the toxicity endpoints are also discussed. Since MEIC is not centrally directed, the selection of tests was entirely dependent on the preferences of the individual laboratories. Thus, the collection of tests is not representative of the full range of existing in vitro toxicity tests. In our study, basal cytotoxicity tests and ecotoxicological tests are prevalent, while tests for toxicity to primary cultures of differentiated cells, measured by organotypic toxicity endpoints, are clearly under-represented.

Establishment of an in vitro cytotoxicity assay platform using primary monkey cardiomyocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Takuma Iguchi ◽  
Kazunori Fujimoto ◽  
Shinichiro Nakamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Kishino ◽  
Noriyo Niino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay

Integrated Decision-tree Testing Strategies for Acute Systemic Toxicity and Toxicokinetics with Respect to the Requirements of the EU REACH Legislation

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Combes ◽  
Christina Grindon ◽  
Mark T.D. Cronin ◽  
David W. Roberts ◽  
John F. Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Pbpk Modelling ◽  
Joint Research Project ◽  
The Eu

Liverpool John Moores University and FRAME conducted a joint research project, sponsored by Defra, on the status of alternatives to animal testing with regard to the European Union REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) system for the safety testing and risk assessment of chemicals. The project covered all the main toxicity endpoints associated with REACH. This paper focuses on the use of alternative (non-animal) methods (both in vitro and in silico) for acute systemic toxicity and toxicokinetic testing. The paper reviews in vitro tests based on basal cytotoxicity and target organ toxicity, along with QSAR models and expert systems available for this endpoint. The use of PBPK modelling for the prediction of ADME properties is also discussed. These tests are then incorporated into a decision-tree style, integrated testing strategy, which also includes the use of refined in vivo acute toxicity tests, as a last resort. The implementation of the strategy is intended to minimise the use of animals in the testing of acute systemic toxicity and toxicokinetics, whilst satisfying the scientific and logistical demands of the EU REACH legislation.

A Critical Evaluation of Predicting Ocular lrritancy Potential from an in Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
H. E. KENNAH ◽  
D. ALBULESCU ◽  
S. HIGNET ◽  
C. S. BARROW
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay
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