Safety assessment of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) dried extract: Results of acute and 90days subchronic toxicity studies in rats and rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda de Andrade ◽  
Claudia Almeida Coelho de Albuquerque ◽  
Marcelo Maraschin ◽  
Edson Luiz da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Dried Extract

Safety assessment of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extract: Acute and subchronic toxicity studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Tatefuji ◽  
Miyako Yanagihara ◽  
Shinobu Fukushima ◽  
Ken Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Gnetum Gnemon

Safety assessment of astaxanthin-rich microalgae biomass: Acute and subchronic toxicity studies in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3030-3036 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Stewart ◽  
Åke Lignell ◽  
Annette Pettersson ◽  
Elisabeth Elfving ◽  
M.G. Soni
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Microalgae Biomass

Safety assessment of methanol extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus): Acute and subchronic toxicity studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sook Yee Hor ◽  
Mariam Ahmad ◽  
Elham Farsi ◽  
Mun Fei Yam ◽  
Mohd Akmal Hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

Acute and subchronic toxicity studies on safety assessment of Paecilomyces tenuipes N45 extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 809-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linna Du ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Chungang Liu ◽  
Qingfan Meng ◽  
Jingjing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies

Safety assessment of pomegranate fruit extract: Acute and subchronic toxicity studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 2728-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Patel ◽  
Paresh Dadhaniya ◽  
Lal Hingorani ◽  
M.G. Soni
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Safety assessment of a solid lipid curcumin particle preparation: Acute and subchronic toxicity studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1834-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paresh Dadhaniya ◽  
Chintan Patel ◽  
Jayesh Muchhara ◽  
Nilesh Bhadja ◽  
Neeta Mathuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Particle Preparation

Vegetative propagation, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of yerba mate genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽  
Renata de Almeida Maggioni ◽  
Jéssica de Cássia Tomasi ◽  
Erik Nunes Gomes ◽  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Leaf Retention ◽  
Correlated Components

Abstract Ilex paraguariensis, commonly known as yerba mate, is a tree species native to South America. Its commercial value is due to the manufacturing of teas, with potential also in the pharmacological and cosmetic industries. Vegetative propagation of yerba mate is considered an innovation to the traditional production systems based on sexual propagation. The present study aimed to evaluate the rhizogenic potential and chemical attributes of mini-cuttings from 15 yerba mate genotypes, as well as to verify the correlation between phytochemical and rooting-related variables. Mini-cuttings were collected from a pre-existing mini-clonal hedge and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 15 treatments (genotypes), four replications and 10 mini-cuttings per plot. After 120 days, mini-cuttings were assessed regarding rooting, mortality, callogenesis and leaf retention percentages, percentage of mini-cuttings with both calluses and roots, number of roots and average root length. At the time of collection, subsamples from each plot were used for phytochemical analyses including total phenolic compounds, protein, caffeine and theobromine contents and antioxidant activity. Rooting percentages ranged from 5 to 72.5%, with significant variation among genotypes. Adventitious rooting and phytochemical profile of yerba mate mini-cuttings are genotype-dependent. Leaf retention is a relevant factor in the rooting of yerba mate mini-cuttings and the levels of total phenolic compounds, antioxidants and theobromine present in mini-cuttings are negatively correlated components to Ilex paraguariensis adventitious rooting.

scholarly journals PERSISTÊNCIA NO SOLO DE INÓCULO DE Beauveria bassiana EMPREGADO PARA O CONTROLE DE Hedypathes betulinus EM PLANTIO DE Ilex paraguariensis

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Rolim Borges ◽  
Sônia Maria Noemberg Lazzari ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽  
Lívia Cardoso Bueno de Camargo ◽  
Lílian Mattos Kalinoski
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Wood Borer

O controle da broca-da-erva-mate, Hedypathes betulinus, limita-se ao emprego de práticas silviculturais e catação manual dos insetos adultos, não sendo permitido o uso de inseticidas químicos na cultura. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivos verificar a presença natural de Beauveria bassiana no solo de plantio em monocultura de erva-mate, determinar a persistência de B. bassiana no solo após duas e três aplicações do fungo e averiguar a influência de fatores abióticos na estabilidade do fungo no solo. O estudo foi conduzido em um erval no município de Campo Alegre, Santa Catarina, Brasil, onde foram coletadas amostras de solo em duas áreas, para avaliação da presença natural de inóculos do fungo B. bassiana, procedendo-se à contagem, isolamento e identificação.Não foi detectada a ocorrência natural do fungo no solo em nenhuma das duas áreas. Após essa confirmação, foram realizadas pulverizações com B. bassiana em ambas as áreas, sendo que em uma ocorreram duas e na outra três aplicações. Após a última pulverização, realizada em fevereiro/2006, verificou-se que os inóculos do fungo persistiram por 90 dias na área com duas aplicações e 120 dias na área com três aplicações. A temperatura afetou a persistência do fungo no solo em ambas as áreas, mas a umidade relativa não mostrou influência sobre os inóculos em campo.Palavras-chave: Broca-da-erva-mate; controle biológico; epizootia; fungo entomopatogênico. AbstractPersistence in soil of inoculum of Beauveria bassiana used to control Hedypathes betulinus in yerba maté plantation, Ilex paraguariensis. Control measures of Hedypathes betulinus are restricted to agricultural practices and hand picking of adult insects. No chemical control is allowed in yerba maté cultivation areas. The objectives of this research were to verify the natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in the soil of yerba maté in monoculture; to determine the persistence of inoculums in the soil after applications of the fungus; and to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on fungus stability in the soil. The soil samples were taken from two experimental areas in a yerba maté plantation in the county of Campo Alegre, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The samples were analyzed in order to count, isolate and identify inoculums of B. bassiana and other fungi. After the confirmation that B. bassiana was not present in the soil, a suspension of the fungus was applied, twice in one of the areas and three times in the other. After the last application in February/2006, the inoculum persisted for 90 and 120 days, in the area with two and three applications, respectively. The temperature affected the persistence of B. bassiana in soil; however, the relative humidity did not.Keywords: Biological control; epizooty; entomopathogenic fungus; wood borer. 

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