Modelling crop productivity and variability for policy and impacts of climate change in eastern Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1345-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. Pearson ◽  
Delia Bucknell ◽  
Gregory P. Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Changing climate, changing forests: The impacts of climate change on forests of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Rustad ◽  
John Campbell ◽  
Jeffrey S. Dukes ◽  
Thomas Huntington ◽  
Kathy Fallon Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Change on the Timing of the Production Season of Maple Syrup in Eastern Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0144844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Houle ◽  
Alain Paquette ◽  
Benoît Côté ◽  
Travis Logan ◽  
Hugues Power ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Maple Syrup ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Climate Change, Mountain Food Systems, and Emerging Opportunities: A Study from the Hindu Kush Karakoram Pamir Landscape, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3057
Author(s):  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Faisal Mueen Qamar ◽  
Lipy Adhikari ◽  
Asif Iqbal Hunzai ◽  
Atta ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Local People ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This study investigated the mountain food systems in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Pamir Landscape (HKPL) in Pakistan. It analyzed the impacts of climate change on agriculture and livestock and identified key opportunities which can be tapped into to improve sustainability in food systems. The study applied a “multiple case studies approach” and collected data from four study sites at different altitudes, using the method of slow focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and non-participant observation. Findings revealed that the contribution of local agriculture and livestock to people’s food consumption has gradually declined, increasing their dependence on external food items. Local food systems are losing diversity, which has negatively impacted people’s dietary diversity. The youth has lost interest in agriculture due to low productivity and profitability in a high altitude village—Misgar (≈3200 m above sea level). In all sites, local people perceived mixed impacts (both positive and negative) of climate change on food systems. Climate change together with enhanced use of pesticides and inorganic fertilizers, high yielding seed, and improved farm management have positive, and climate-attributed increase in crop pest attacks has negative impact on crop productivity. Moreover, local people perceived negative impacts of climate change on pastures and water availability in traditional irrigation systems without significant influence on crop and livestock productivity. In food systems, these are needed to maximize benefits from the local potential for organic production, livestock integration, value chain development, traditional food crops, medicinal plants, and protected vegetables cultivation to reduce the vulnerability of food systems to climactic and economic shocks, and improve the sustainability.

scholarly journals Quantification of physical and biological uncertainty in the simulation of the yield of a tropical crop using present-day and doubled CO 2 climates

2005 ◽  
Vol 360 (1463) ◽  
pp. 2085-2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J Challinor ◽  
T.R Wheeler ◽  
J.M Slingo ◽  
D Hemming
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Control Climate ◽  
Biological Uncertainty ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The impacts of climate change on crop productivity are often assessed using simulations from a numerical climate model as an input to a crop simulation model. The precision of these predictions reflects the uncertainty in both models. We examined how uncertainty in a climate (HadAM3) and crop General Large-Area Model (GLAM) for annual crops model affects the mean and standard deviation of crop yield simulations in present and doubled carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) climates by perturbation of parameters in each model. The climate sensitivity parameter ( λ , the equilibrium response of global mean surface temperature to doubled CO 2 ) was used to define the control climate. Observed 1966–1989 mean yields of groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) in India were simulated well by the crop model using the control climate and climates with values of λ near the control value. The simulations were used to measure the contribution to uncertainty of key crop and climate model parameters. The standard deviation of yield was more affected by perturbation of climate parameters than crop model parameters in both the present-day and doubled CO 2 climates. Climate uncertainty was higher in the doubled CO 2 climate than in the present-day climate. Crop transpiration efficiency was key to crop model uncertainty in both present-day and doubled CO 2 climates. The response of crop development to mean temperature contributed little uncertainty in the present-day simulations but was among the largest contributors under doubled CO 2 . The ensemble methods used here to quantify physical and biological uncertainty offer a method to improve model estimates of the impacts of climate change.

Seasonal diving and foraging behaviour of Eastern Canada-West Greenland bowhead whales

2020 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 197-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
SME Fortune ◽  
SH Ferguson ◽  
AW Trites ◽  
B LeBlanc ◽  
V LeMay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Seasonal Movement ◽  
Dive Behaviour ◽  
Calanus Glacialis ◽  
Canada West

Climate change may affect the foraging success of bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus by altering the diversity and abundance of zooplankton species available as food. However, assessing climate-induced impacts first requires documenting feeding conditions under current environmental conditions. We collected seasonal movement and dive-behaviour data from 25 Eastern Canada-West Greenland bowheads instrumented with time-depth telemetry tags and used state-space models to examine whale movements and dive behaviours. Zooplankton samples were also collected in Cumberland Sound (CS) to determine species composition and biomass. We found that CS was used seasonally by 14 of the 25 tagged whales. Area-restricted movement was the dominant behaviour in CS, suggesting that the tagged whales allocated considerable time to feeding. Prey sampling data suggested that bowheads were exploiting energy-rich Arctic copepods such as Calanus glacialis and C. hyperboreus during summer. Dive behaviour changed seasonally in CS. Most notably, probable feeding dives were substantially shallower during spring and summer compared to fall and winter. These seasonal changes in dive depths likely reflect changes in the vertical distribution of calanoid copepods, which are known to suspend development and overwinter at depth during fall and winter when availability of their phytoplankton prey is presumed to be lower. Overall, CS appears to be an important year-round foraging habitat for bowheads, but is particularly important during the late summer and fall. Whether CS will remain a reliable feeding area for bowhead whales under climate change is not yet known.

The economywide impacts of climate change on Philippine agriculture

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change
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