Occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of pharmerciuticals in wastewater and open surface drains of peri-urban areas: Case study of Juja town, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115503
Author(s):  
Cecilia W. Muriuki ◽  
Patrick G. Home ◽  
James M. Raude ◽  
Elijah K. Ngumba ◽  
Gerryshom K. Munala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Surface ◽  
Surface Drains

Seismic risk assessment of buildings in urban areas: a case study for Denizli, Turkey

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Inel ◽  
Sevket Murat Senel ◽  
Selcuk Toprak ◽  
Yasemin Manav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to 15 Essential and Toxic Elements in Spanish Women of Reproductive Age: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13012
Author(s):  
Carmen Sáez ◽  
Alfredo Sánchez ◽  
Vicent Yusà ◽  
Pablo Dualde ◽  
Sandra F. Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Spanish Women

This case study investigates the exposure of 119 Spanish women of reproductive age to 5 essential (Co, Cu, Mn, V, Zn) and 10 toxic (Ba, Be, Cs, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Th, Al, U) elements and assesses their risk. The essential elements (Co, Cu, Mn, V, and Zn) showed average concentrations (GM: geometric mean) of 0.8, 35, 0.5, 0.2, and 347 μg/L, respectively. Five of the toxic elements (Ba, Cs, Ni, Al, U) exhibited detection frequencies of 100%. The GM concentrations of the novel toxic elements were 12 μg/L (Al), 0.01 μg/L (Pt), 0.02 μg/L (U), 0.12 μg/L (Th), 0.009 μg/L (Be) and 4 μg/L (Cs). The urine analysis was combined with a survey to assess any variations between subgroups and potential predictors of exposure to elements in the female population. Significant differences were obtained between the rural and urban areas studied for the toxic element Cs, with higher levels found in mothers living in urban areas. In relation to diet, statistically significantly higher levels of essential (Cu) and toxic (Ba) elements were detected in women with a high consumption of fish, while mothers who consumed a large quantity of legumes presented higher levels of the toxic element Ni (p = 0.0134). In a risk-assessment context, hazard quotients (HQs) greater than 1 were only observed for the essential elements Zn and Cu in P95. No deficiency was found regarding the only essential element for which a biomonitoring equivalent for nutritional deficit is available (Zn). For the less-studied toxic elements (Al, Pt, U, Th, Be, and Cs), HQs were lower than 1, and thus, the health risk due to exposure to these elements is expected to be low for the female population under study.

Heat wave risk assessment and mapping in urban areas: case study for a midsized Central European city, Novi Sad (Serbia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan Savić ◽  
Vladimir Marković ◽  
Ivan Šećerov ◽  
Dragoslav Pavić ◽  
Daniela Arsenović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
European City ◽  
Central European ◽  
Novi Sad

Factors Affecting Financial Literacy of Vietnamese Adults: A Case Study for Hanoi and Nghe An

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tue Nguyen Dang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financial Behaviors ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Literacy Level

This research examines the factors affecting the financial literacy of Vietnamese adults. Using a sample of 266 observations of adults in 2 big cities in Vietnam (Hanoi and Vinh in Nghe An Province), the author evaluates the literacy level of adults in these urban areas. The financial literacy of the interviewed people is low. The multiple regression results show that lower financial literacy levels associate with higher age and married status and higher financial literacy levels associate with higher education, more family members, the person making financial decisions and the person attending a useful financial course. This research also explores the association between financial literacy and financial behaviors of individuals employing logistic models. It is found that higher financial literacy associates with less probability of overspending and higher probability of saving money and careful spending. Higher financial literacy is also found to associate with higher probability of opening a savings account and making various investments. 

An Overview of Risk-Based EEE Counterfeit Part Detection Based on SAE AS6171

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Azarian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Multiple Solutions ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

Abstract As counterfeiting techniques and processes grow in sophistication, the methods needed to detect these parts must keep pace. This has the unfortunate effect of raising the costs associated with managing this risk. In order to ensure that the resources devoted to counterfeit detection are commensurate with the potential effects and likelihood of counterfeit part usage in a particular application, a risk based methodology has been adopted for testing of electrical, electronic, and electromechanical (EEE) parts by the SAE AS6171 set of standards. This paper provides an overview of the risk assessment methodology employed within AS6171 to determine the testing that should be utilized to manage the risk associated with the use of a part. A scenario is constructed as a case study to illustrate how multiple solutions exist to address the risk for a particular situation, and the choice of any specific test plan can be made on the basis of practical considerations, such as cost, time, or the availability of particular test equipment.

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